EN 81-22-2014 en Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 22 Electric lifts with inclined path《升降机组装和安装的安全规.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 81-22:2014Safety rules for theconstruction and installation of lifts Lifts for thetransport of persons and goodsPart 22: Electric lifts withinclined pathBS EN 81-22:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 81-22:2014. T

2、he UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Us

3、ers are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 81297 2ICS 91.140.90Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority o

4、f the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 81-22:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 81-22 May 2014 ICS 91.140.90 English Version Safety rules for the construction and installation

5、 of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 22: Electric lifts with inclined path Rgles de scurit pour la construction et linstallation des ascenseurs - Ascenseurs pour le transport de personnes et dobjets - Partie 22 : Ascenseurs lectriques voie inclineSicherheitsregeln fr die K

6、onstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzgen - Aufzge fr den Personen- und Gtertransport -Teil 22: Elektrisch betriebene Aufzge mit geneigter Fahrbahn This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 February 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate th

7、e conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard

8、 exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nationa

9、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak

10、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means

11、reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 81-22:2014 EBS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 0 Introduction 6 0.1 General 6 0.2 Considerations .6 0.3 Principles 6 0.4 Assumptions 7 1 Scope . 10 2 Normative references . 11 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbr

12、eviated terms 13 3.1 Terms and definitions 13 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 19 4 List of significant hazards . 19 4.1 General . 19 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 22 5.1 General provisions . 22 5.2 Lift well . 22 5.3 Machine, working areas and pulley spaces . 32 5.4 Landing

13、doors . 43 5.5 Car, vehicle, counterweight, balancing weight 50 5.6 Suspension, compensation, overspeed protection and protection against unintended vehicle movement . 61 5.7 Running tracks, guide rails, counter-guide rails and safety gear operating element Buffers Final limit switches 72 5.8 Cleara

14、nces between vehicle and wall facing the vehicle entrance, and between car, counterweight or balancing weight 78 5.9 Lift machine . 79 5.10 Electric installations and appliances 85 5.11 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities 91 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or prote

15、ctive measures 107 6.1 Methods to be used 107 6.2 Specific data, test reports and certificates 114 7 Information for use . 114 7.1 General . 114 7.2 Signals and warning devices . 114 7.3 Inspection and test . 119 7.4 Accompanying documents (in particular, instruction handbook) . 120 Annex A (normati

16、ve) List of the safety contacts 124 Annex B (normative) Unlocking triangle 126 Annex C (informative) Technical dossier . 127 C.1 Introduction . 127 C.2 General . 127 C.3 Technical documents and plans . 127 C.4 Electric schematic diagrams . 128 C.5 Verification of conformity 128 Annex D (normative) E

17、xaminations and tests before putting into service 129 BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 3 D.1 General . 129 D.2 Examinations . 129 D.3 Tests and verifications 129 Annex E (informative) Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident . 13

18、3 E.1 Periodical examinations and tests 133 E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident 133 Annex F (normative) Safety components - Test procedures for verification of conformity . 135 F.0 Introduction 135 F.1 Landing door locking devices 136 F.2 Safety gear . 140

19、 F.3 Overspeed governors . 144 F.4 Buffers 147 F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components and/or programmable electronic systems (PESSRAL) 153 F.6 Ascending vehicle overspeed protection means . 156 F.7 Unintended vehicle movement protection means . 159 Annex G (informative) Calculation of

20、the supporting structure, the running tracks, the guide rails, the vehicle and the safety gear gripping element 164 G.1 General . 164 G.2 Actions to take into account for calculation . 164 G.3 Proof of guide rails 167 Annex H (normative) Electronic components- Failure exclusion 168 H.1 Scope 168 H.2

21、 Failure exclusions - conditions 168 Annex I (informative) Safety circuits . 172 I.1 Design guide-line for safety circuits . 172 I.2 Description of possible measures . 172 Annex J (normative) Pendulum shock tests 179 J.1 General . 179 J.2 Test rig 179 J.3 Panels . 179 J.4 Test procedure . 179 J.5 In

22、terpretation of the results 180 J.6 Test report 180 J.7 Exceptions from the tests. 180 Annex K (informative) Traction evaluation . 185 K.1 General provisions 185 K.2 Traction calculation . 185 K.3 Practical example 190 Annex L (normative) Evaluation of safety factor for suspension ropes . 193 L.1 Ge

23、neral . 193 L.2 Equivalent number Nequivof pulleys . 193 L.3 Static safety factor 194 L.4 Examples 195 Annex M (informative) Machinery spaces Access (5.3.3) 197 Annex N (informative) Building interfaces . 198 N.1 General provisions 198 N.2 Support of guide rails . 198 N.3 Ventilation of car, lift we

24、ll and machinery spaces . 198 Annex O (informative) Environment: aspects to be considered for a risk analysis 201 BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 4 Annex P (informative) Determination of anti-slip properties for floor surfaces 203 P.1 General . 203 P.2 Testing and assessing anti-slip properties 20

25、3 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC . 205 Bibliography . 206 BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 81-22:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators and m

26、oving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Novem

27、ber 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European

28、 Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document is part of the EN 81 series of standards, Safety rules for the const

29、ruction and installation of lifts. This is the first edition of this European Standard. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech

30、 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

31、 BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 6 0 Introduction 0.1 General This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent, to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered, are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this ty

32、pe C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The purpose of this

33、 standard is to define safety requirements for inclined lifts in order to safeguard persons and objects against risks of accidents during installation, operation, maintenance, inspection work and emergency operations of lifts. 0.2 Considerations Consideration has been taken into account of various c

34、ategories of lifts with inclined travel path to ascertain the related hazards and risks owing to the configuration of structures (civil engineering works), inclination and outside influences such as the following: a) the large opening to the exterior; b) the possibility to walk around inside the lif

35、t well; c) the arrangement of the doors; d) the horizontal component of deceleration in the event of stopping of the vehicle. The prescriptions relating to the protection of workers and to the evacuation from the car are different when it is possible to walk inside the well and when the car roof is

36、used as working station for the maintenance. An Interpretation Committee has been established to clarify, if necessary, the spirit in which the clauses of the standard have been drafted and to specify the requirements appropriate to particular cases. Interpretation Requests can be sent to the Nation

37、al Standard Bodies which will contact the responsible Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 (see CEN/TR 81-10 1 for information). 0.3 Principles In drawing up this standard the following have been used. This standard does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to every electrical, mechanical,

38、 or building construction including the protection of building elements against fire. It has, however, seemed necessary to establish certain requirements of good construction, either because they are peculiar to lift manufacture or because in the case of lift utilization the requirements may be more

39、 stringent than elsewhere. This standard does not only address the essential safety requirements of the Lift Directive, but additionally states minimum rules for the installation of lifts into buildings/constructions. There may be in some countries regulations for the construction of buildings, etc.

40、 which cannot be ignored. Typical clauses affected by this are those defining minimum values for the height of the machine and pulley rooms and for their access doors dimensions. BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 7 When the weight, size and/or shape of components prevent them from being moved by han

41、d, they are: a) either fitted with attachments for lifting gear, or b) designed so that they can be fitted with such attachments (e.g. by means of threaded holes), or c) shaped in such a way that standard lifting gear can easily be attached. As far as possible the standard sets out only the requirem

42、ents that materials and equipment will meet in the interests of safe operation of lifts. 0.4 Assumptions The contents of this standard are based on the assumption that persons using inclined lifts are able to do so unaided. It is assumed that negotiations have been made for each contract between the

43、 customer and the supplier/installer (see also Annex O) about: a) intended use of the inclined lift; b) environmental conditions; c) civil engineering problems; d) other aspects relating to the place of installation (e.g. high-voltage electric line, bridges, dangerous buildings, natural obstacle). P

44、ossible risks have been considered of each component that may be incorporated in a complete lift installation. Rules have been drawn up accordingly. Components are: designed in accordance with usual engineering practice and calculation codes, taking into account all failure modes; of sound mechanica

45、l and electrical construction; made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality; be free of defects. Harmful materials, such as asbestos are not used. Components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required dimensions remain fulfilled despite wear. Components will

46、be selected and installed so that foreseeable environmental influences and special working conditions do not affect the safe operation of the lift. Especially for the extreme temperatures which were agreed between the customer and the supplier, the choice of materials and components will be made wit

47、h particular attention that they keep their characteristics for impact strength for the steel, rigidity and function for plastics, functional for the electronic components, viscosity for oils, etc. By design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the lift is ensured for loads ranging up t

48、o 125 % (static) and up to 110 % (dynamic) of the rated load. BS EN 81-22:2014EN 81-22:2014 (E) 8 The requirements of this European Standard regarding electrical safety devices are such that the possibility of a failure of an electric safety device (see 5.11.1.2) complying with all the requirements

49、of this European Standard need not be taken into consideration.” Users should be safeguarded against their own negligence and unwitting carelessness when using the lift in the intended way. A user may, in certain cases, make one imprudent act. The possibility of two simultaneous acts of imprudence and/or the abuse of instructions for use is not considered. If in the course of maintenance work a safety device, normally not accessible to the users, is deliberately neutralized, safe operation of the lift is no longer ensured, but compensatory measures w