EN 14030-2001 en Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to acid and alkaline liquids (Incorporates Amendment A1 2003)《土工.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14030:2001 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Screening test method for determining the resistance to acid and alkaline liquids The European Standard EN 14030:2001, with the incorporation of amendment A1:2003 has the status of a British S

2、tandard ICS 59.080.70 BS EN 14030:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 11 July 2002 BSI 13 November 2003 ISB

3、N 0 580 40077 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14030:2001, including amendment August 2003. It supersedes DD ENV ISO 12960:2000 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags

4、 !“. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geosynthetics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organization

5、s represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence

6、 Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself

7、 confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and pro

8、mulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date

9、Comments 14734 13 November 2003 see national foreword EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14030 November 2001 + A1 August 2003 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes ENV ISO 12960:1998 English version Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistan

10、ce to acid and alkaline liquids (ISO/TR 12960:1998, modified) (includes amendment A1:2003) Gotextiles et produits apparents - Mthode dessai slective pour la dtermination de la rsistance aux liquides acides et alcalines (ISO/TR 12960:1998, modifie) (inclut lamendement A1:2003) Geotextilien und geotex

11、tilverwandte Produkte - Auswahlprfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Bestndigkeit gegen Sure und alkalische Flssigkeiten (ISO/TR 12960:1998, modifiziert) (enthlt nderung A1:2003) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2001, and amendment A1 was approved by CEN on 12 June 2003. CEN memb

12、ers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicati

13、on to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same

14、status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

15、EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14030:2001 + A1:2003 E

16、EN 14030:2001 (E) 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at

17、the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002. This European Standard supersedes ENV ISO 12960:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement thi

18、s European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword to amendment A1 This document (EN 14030:2001/A1:2003) has been prepared by

19、 Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics“, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be

20、 withdrawn at the latest by February 2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

21、Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 14030:2001 (E) 3 Introduction In nearly all applications geotextiles and geotextile-related products (geotextile products) may be in contact with aqueous solutions of aci

22、ds, bases or dissolved oxygen. The resistance of geotextile products to these chemicals depends on the one hand on polymer formulation, processing, textile structure and the presence of existing damage and on the other hand on the composition of the liquid and in situ conditions such as temperature,

23、 pressure and the presence of further mechanical stress. It is the purpose of this standard to provide a method of screening (index testing) the resistance of geotextile products to these acids and bases. Since an index test requires exposure times that are short compared to the expected lifetimes o

24、f geotextile products, it is necessary to accelerate the process. The data obtainable are suitable for screening but not for deriving performance data such as lifetime, unless supported by further evidence. NOTE This standard should be used with reference to CR ISO 13434. 1 Scope This standard speci

25、fies methods for screening the resistance of geotextile products to liquids while not subjecting them to external mechanical stress. The standard is applicable to all geotextiles and geotextile related products. Method A applies particularly to polyamides and method B to polyesters and polyamides. T

26、he test results should be interpreted in the context of site conditions. NOTE This standard only considers conditions where the specimens are fully immersed in the liquids. Though outside the scope of this standard, the test conditions may be modified to accommodate particular applications, e.g. gas

27、eous media. This standard does not preclude use for test specimens that are pre-treated by some method, e.g. by weathering, aqueous extraction conditions or installation damage. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publicatio

28、ns. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. F

29、or undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). ENV 12226, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - General tests for evaluation following durability testing. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test meth

30、ods. 3 Principle Test specimens are completely immersed in a test liquid for a given test duration at a fixed temperature. The properties of the test specimens are tested before and after immersion EN 14030:2001 (E) 4 and if applicable after drying, and wherever possible, the test results are compar

31、ed with those of control specimens stored under reference conditions. 4 General requirements and procedure 4.1 Apparatus A container, e.g. a pneumatic vessel, is to be used, equipped with: - a sealing lid or equivalent device and if necessary a reflux condenser or equivalent device to restrict evapo

32、ration of volatile components; - a stirring or equivalent device to maintain homogeneity of the liquid and the exchange of matter between the liquid and the specimens; - specimen holders to ensure correct placing of the specimens (see 4.6.2), the free distance between specimens being at least 10 mm;

33、 - at least one closable aperture in the lid for access to control the composition of the liquid. !- a device for passing air into the liquid to ensure full air saturation “ The container shall be large enough for the test liquid (see 4.6.1), which shall be held at constant temperature (see 4.3). Th

34、e material of the container and equipment shall be resistant to the test chemicals. Such materials are in general borosilicate glass or stainless steel. 4.2 Test liquids Two types of test liquids are to be used: - an inorganic acid: 0,025 M sulfuric acid !with 1 mMol ferrisulflate and 1 mMol ferrosu

35、lflate added“ (method A); - an inorganic base: calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), used as a saturated suspension, i.e. approximately 2,5 grams per litre (method B). Chemicals or reagent of analytical grade should be used. Water shall comply with ISO 3696:1987, grade 3. National safety regulations for ha

36、ndling of chemicals and for disposal of test liquids shall be followed. NOTE For any test medium it is an important condition that its composition remains constant during the test exposure. This may be complicated if the concentration of any active component is low or if the liquid is not a stable o

37、ne-phase system. In such cases the concentration should be monitored and if possible adjusted or replaced on a regular basis. Attention should be given also to possible catalytic or synergistic effects, including effects of simultaneous chemical and mechanical stresses (e.g. environmental stress cra

38、cking in polyolefins). The choice of the concentration of the active species is governed by the aim to avoid significant changes of the concentration during the test and to accelerate the reaction but to avoid a change in the active mechanism by using too high a concentration. 4.3 Test temperatures

39、The test temperature shall be (60 1) C for each method. EN 14030:2001 (E) 5 4.4 Test duration The test duration shall be three days for each method. 4.5 Specimens Reference is made to EN 12226. The number of specimens shall be five test specimens and five control specimens. NOTE 1 It is recommended

40、that additional specimens be exposed. If a mechanical test is invalid, a further specimen should be tested in its place. NOTE 2 If the products are sheathed by some coating, which could be penetrated during installation, the product should be tested with and without the coating. If not, the possibil

41、ity of a change in chemical resistance in case of destruction or damage to the sheath should be noted in the report. 4.6 Procedure 4.6.1 Quantity of the test liquid The quantity of test liquid shall be greater than 30 times the weight of the specimens and shall cover the specimens completely. 4.6.2

42、Positioning of specimens The specimens shall be placed in the vessel free of any significant mechanical stress. The mean distance between the specimens, between the specimens and the walls of the vessel, and between the specimens and the surface of the liquid, shall be at least 1 cm. No significant

43、proportion of the surface of the specimens shall make contact with a material other than the test liquid itself. Specimens of different materials shall not be tested in the same vessel. During the test the exchange of matter between liquid and geotextile shall not be hindered by poor convection of t

44、he test liquid. Calcium hydroxide shall be stirred continuously, sulfuric acid at least once per day. !Sulfuric acid shall be stirred and saturated by continuous passing of air into the liquid. “ The pH of the liquid shall be measured from the beginning and recorded continuously and, where necessary

45、, liquid shall be replenished or replaced to maintain the original pH at least every seventh day. The liquid and the specimens shall be shielded from light. 4.6.3 Control specimens The control specimens shall be immersed for one hour in water at the same temperature as the test specimens. Water shal

46、l be in accordance with 4.2. 4.6.4 Rinsing, wiping and drying Rinsing shall be performed in water complying with 4.2, then in 0,01 M sodium carbonate solution, finally in water again. The quantities shall be sufficient to ensure thorough cleaning. EN 14030:2001 (E) 6 In exposing polyester geotextile

47、s to calcium hydroxide it is necessary to remove adhering crystals of calcium terephthalate. This may be done by rinsing for 5 min with a 10 % solution (by weight) of trisodiumnitrilotriacetate (NTA) in an agitating device, followed by rinsing in a 3 % solution (by weight) of acetic acid and finally

48、 rinsing with water. Specimens shall be dried at room temperature or at elevated temperature up to 60 C. Specimens should not be subjected to undue stress during drying. 4.7 Determination of changes in properties The changes are determined in accordance with ENV 12226. 5 Test report The test report

49、shall contain particulars to the following items: - reference to this prestandard; - description of the material; - results expressed in accordance with ENV 12226; - date of test; - any deviations from this standard and any factors likely to have influenced the results. EN 14030:2001 (E) 7 Bibliography ISO 175, Plastics Methods of test for the determination of the effects of immersion in liquid chemicals. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing - specifications