EN 12697-24-2018 en Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 24 Resistance to fatigue.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Bituminous mixtures - Test methodsPart 24: Resistance to fatigueBS EN 1269724:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12697-24 June 2018 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 12697-24:2012English Version Bitumino

2、us mixtures - Test methods - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue Mlanges bitumineux - Mthodes dessai pour mlange hydrocarbon chaud - Partie 24: Rsistance la fatigue Asphalt - Prfverfahren - Teil 24: Bestndigkeit gegen Ermdung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 February 2018. CEN members are

3、 bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to t

4、he CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Cen

5、tre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuan

6、ia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Scie

7、nce 23, B-1040 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12697-24:2018 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1269724:2018. It supersedes BS EN 1269724:2012, which is withdrawn.Th

8、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/510/1, Asphalt products.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are re

9、sponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 91783 7ICS 93.080.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Sta

10、ndards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1269724:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12697-24 June 2018 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 12697-24:2012English Version Bituminous mixtures

11、- Test methods - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue Mlanges bitumineux - Mthodes dessai pour mlange hydrocarbon chaud - Partie 24: Rsistance la fatigue Asphalt - Prfverfahren - Teil 24: Bestndigkeit gegen Ermdung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 February 2018. CEN members are bound to co

12、mply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENEL

13、EC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the

14、same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou

15、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-10

16、40 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12697-24:2018 EBS EN 1269724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbre

17、viations . 5 3.1 General 6 3.2 Two-point bending test on trapezoidal shaped specimens (2PB-TR) . 6 3.3 Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (2PB-PR) . 7 3.4 Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (3PB-PR) 9 3.5 Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (4P

18、B-PR) 10 3.6 Symbols for indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens (IT-CY) . 15 3.7 Symbols for Cyclic Indirect tensile Test on cylindrical shaped specimen (CIT-CY) . 15 4 Sample preparation . 16 4.1 Storage of the specimens . 16 4.2 Drying of the specimens 16 4.3 Dimensions and bulk den

19、sity of the specimens 17 5 Failure 17 6 Selection test conditions 17 7 Summary of the procedures . 17 7.1 Two-point bending test on trapezoidal shaped specimens (2PB-TR) 17 7.2 Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (2PB-PR) 17 7.3 Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens

20、 (3PB-PR) . 17 7.4 Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (4PB-PR) 18 7.5 Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens (IT-CY) 18 7.6 Cyclic Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens (CIT-CY) . 18 8 Checking of the testing equipment 18 9 Test report 19 Annex A (no

21、rmative) Two-point bending test on trapezoidal shaped specimens (2PB-TR) . 20 A.1 Principle 20 A.2 Equipment 21 A.3 Specimen preparation 21 A.4 Procedure 24 A.5 Calculation and expression of results . 25 A.6 Test report 26 A.7 Precision 26 Annex B (normative) Two-point bending test on prismatic shap

22、ed specimens (2PB-PR) . 28 B.1 Principle 28 B.2 Equipment 28 B.3 Specimen preparation 29 B.4 Procedure 29 BS EN 1269724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 3 B.5 Calculation and expression of results . 30 B.6 Test report 32 B.7 Precision 32 Annex C (normative) Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped speci

23、mens (3PB-PR) 33 C.1 Principle . 33 C.2 Equipment . 33 C.3 Specimen preparation 34 C.4 Procedure 34 C.5 Calculation and expression of results . 35 C.6 Test report 38 C.7 Precision 39 Annex D (normative) Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (4PB-PR) 40 D.1 Principle . 40 D.2 Equipmen

24、t . 42 D.3 Specimen preparation 43 D.4 Procedure 44 D.5 Calculation and expression of results . 46 D.6 Test report 46 D.7 Precision 47 Annex E (normative) Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens (IT-CY) . 48 E.1 Principle . 48 E.2 Equipment . 48 E.3 Specimen preparation 51 E.4 Procedur

25、e 52 E.5 Calculation and reporting of results 53 E.6 Test report 56 E.7 Precision 56 Annex F (normative) Cyclic indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens (CIT-CY) 57 F.1 Principle . 57 F.2 Equipment . 57 F.3 Specimen preparation 59 F.4 Procedure 60 F.5 Calculation and reporting of result

26、s 62 F.6 Test report 63 F.7 Precision 63 Bibliography . 64 BS EN 1269724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 12697-24:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given

27、the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may

28、be the subject of patent rights. CEN not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12697-24:2012. Compared with EN 12697-24:2012, the following changes have been made: the series title no longer makes the method exclusively for hot mix asphalt Tit

29、le; editing of several text sections in order to clarify the procedures Ge; “load applications” amended to “load cycles“ Ge; Figure A.1 corrected: Key 3 pointing at the groove A.1.2; completion of Figure E.3: Line 1 added to extensiometer in front view figure E.2.5.3; introduction of new annex for c

30、yclic indirect tensile test on cylindrical specimens (CIT-CY) Annex F. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmar

31、k, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12

32、69724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the methods for characterizing the fatigue of bituminous mixtures using alternative tests, including bending tests and direct and indirect tensile tests. The tests are performed on compacted bituminous material under a sinusoi

33、dal loading or other controlled loading, using different types of specimens and supports. The procedure is used: a) to rank bituminous mixtures on the basis of resistance to fatigue; b) as a guide to relative performance in the pavement; c) to obtain data for estimating the structural behaviour of t

34、he road; and d) to judge test data according to specifications for bituminous mixtures. Because this European Standard does not impose a particular type of testing device, the precise choice of the test conditions depends on the possibilities and the working range of the device used. For the choice

35、of specific test conditions, the requirements of the product standards for bituminous mixtures need to be respected. The applicability of this document is described in the product standards for bituminous mixtures. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively

36、referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part

37、 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 8: Determination of void charac

38、teristics of bituminous specimens EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures Test methods Part 26: Stiffness EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures Test methods Part 27: Sampling EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures Test method for hot mix asphalt Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a bituminous specimen EN 126

39、97-31, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures Test methods Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the followin

40、g terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations apply. BS EN 1269724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 6 3.1 General 3.1.1 fatigue reduction of strength of a material under repeated loading when compared to the strength under a single load 3.1.2 conventional criteria of failure number of load cycles, Nf/50,

41、when the absolute value of the complex stiffness modulus Smix(stiffness modulus) has decreased to half its initial value Smix,0Note 1 to entry: In this standard not only the conventional criteria of failure, based on the reduction of stiffness, is presented. Also other failure criteria like the occu

42、rrence of macro cracks or the energy-based failure mechanism are used. Note 2 to entry: Different test methods and different failure criteria might lead to results that are not comparable. Note 3 to entry: In a displacement controlled fatigue test the reduction to half of the initial stiffness is a

43、gradual process. In a force controlled test in most cases there will be a progressive collapse of the specimen. 3.1.3 initial complex stiffness modulus complex stiffness modulus, Smix,0, after 100 load cycles 3.2 Two-point bending test on trapezoidal shaped specimens (2PB-TR) 3.2.1 constant relative

44、 to maximum strain constant that enables the head displacement z of the trapezoidal specimen of dimensions B, b, e, h, to which a bending strain level is applied, to be converted into maximum strain Note 1 to entry: The following formulae express Kand its relationship with the parameters mentioned a

45、bove: =Kz (1) = +222()( ) (3 )8 ln2iiji i ii iiiiiBbKbB Bb BbhbB(2) 3.2.2 Symbols Where a strain of 1 microstrain (strain) is equal to 106by convention, the symbols are as follows: i the index of the specimen for an element test (varies from 1 to n); hiis the height, in millimetres (mm); Biis the la

46、rge base, in millimetres (mm); biis the small base, in millimetres (mm); eiis the thickness, in millimetres (mm); BS EN 1269724:2018EN 12697-24:2018 (E) 7 viis the void content of the specimen i by geometric method, in percent (%); Kiis the constant, relative to the maximum strain, in inverse millim

47、etres (mm1); ziis the amplitude of displacement imposed at the head of specimen i, in millimetres (mm); iis the maximum relative strain of specimen i corresponding with the displacement imposed at the head; Niis the conventional fatigue life of specimen i; a is the ordinate of the fatigue line accor

48、ding to the formula lg(N) = a + (1/b) lg(); r2is the linear correlation coefficient (lg(Ni), lg(i); 1/b is the slope of the fatigue line; lg() is the average value of lg(i); Slg()is the standard deviation of lg(i); Slg(N)is the standard deviation of lg(Ni); 6is the strain corresponding to 106cycles;

49、 sNis the estimation of the residual standard deviation of the decimal logarithms of fatigue lives; 6is the quality index of the test; n is the number of specimens. 3.3 Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens (2PB-PR) 3.3.1 constants for consideration of the geometry of specimen constants that enable the strength of the head Pijof the specimen i of dimensions bi, eiand hi,to which a bending strength is applied, to calculate the maximum