EN 12188-1999 en Products and Systems for the Protection and Repair of Concrete Structures - Test Methods - Determination of Adhesion Steel-to-Steel for Characterization of Structu.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of adhesion steel-to-steel for characterization of structural bonding agents The European Standard EN 12188:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICs 91.080.40 BS EN 12 188 1

2、999 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STD-BSI BS EN 12188-ENGL 1999 Lb24bb9 0774980 b38 9 BS EN 121W1999 been prepared under the Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15

3、 September 1999 direction of the Sedor AmdNo. O BSI 09-1999 ISBN O 680 32678 4 National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12188:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8

4、, Repair and protection of concrete, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related intemational and European developments and promulgate interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep

5、 the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A list of organizationS represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standar

6、ds Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index“, or by using the “Find“ facility of the BSI Standards Electsonic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for

7、their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside fbnt cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this documen

8、t indicates when the document was last issued. EN 12188 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPISCHE NORM May 1999 ICs 91.080.40 English version Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of adhesion steel-to-steel for characterization o

9、f structural bonding agents Produits et Systemes pour la protection et la rparation des structures en bton - Mthodes dessais - Dtermination de ladhrence acier sur acier pour la caracterisation des produits de collage strucural Produkte und Systeme fur den Schutz und die Instandsetzung von Betonagwer

10、ken - Prilfverfahren - Bestimmung der Klebewirkung an Stahl mi. die Charakterisierung der Eigenschaften von Klebstoffen fiir konstruktive Zwecke This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENiCENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the

11、conditions for giving this European Standard the stanis of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in t

12、hree oficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Cenal Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus

13、tria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Porhigal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fur Normung Cent

14、ral Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 8 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref. No. EN 12188:1999 E Page 2 EN 12188:1999 Con tents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Principle 4 Terms and definitions 5 Te

15、st method 5.1 Sliding failure 5.2 Separation failure 6 Equipment 7 Slant shear test 7.1 Test specimens 7.2 Test procedure 8 Pull-offtest 8.1 Test specimens 8.2 Test procedure 9 Testreport Annex A (informative) Bibliography Foreword Page 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 7 8 11 This European Standard has b

16、een prepared by Technical Committee CENC 104, Concrete (performance, production, placing and compliance criteria), the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the la

17、test by November 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1999. According to the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Repub

18、lic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. NOTE This European Standard should be read in conjunction with EN 1504-1 and prEN 15044. O BSI 09-1999 Page 3 EN 12188:1999 1 Scope T

19、his European Standard describes a method for the characterization of structural polymer based bonding agents for use in applications such as steel plate structural bonding for the strengthening of concrete structures. It involves the determination of the slant shear strength and the pull-off strengt

20、h. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or rev

21、isions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorponrted in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 24624, Paints and varnishes - Pull-oftest (IS0 4624: 1978). EN 1542, Products and Wstems for

22、 the protection and repair ofconcrete structures - Test methods - Puli-of test. 3 Principle The slant shear strength shall be determined using steel prism halves glued together with the bonding agent. The bond planes shall be inclined at various angles to the longitudinal axis of the prisms. The com

23、plete prisms shall be tested in axial compression. NOTE Stresses which occur in a joint made with a MIUCIUI bonding agent can be resolved into normal stress, u. The object of the test methcds described in this standard is to determine the relationship between aand r which meets the criterion f(0.r)

24、= O. i.e. to determine the shape of the failure envelope which npresmts failure of the adhesive agent in the bonded joint. For the purposes of this standard, the failure envelope is defined by three straight lines on a plot of normal stress against shear stress at failure as shown in Figure 1. Conve

25、ntionally, cvalues are ploed as abscissae and 7 values as ordinates. Failure of a bonding agent is governed by its strength parameters: coefficient of friction, cohesion and resistance to separation: - the coefficient of friction p is the numerical value of the slope of the inclined lines in Figure

26、1; - the cohesion c is the shear capacity at o= O; - the resistance to separation - separation failure occurs when the tensile stress exceeds the pull-off strength: 02f;. As noted above and as can be seen from Figure 1, the failure envelope is formed by three straight lines. Stress fields within the

27、 area containing the origin do not cause failure. As an option it is possible to extend the test to include a slant shear test in tension to fully complete the failure envelope in Figure 1. U BSI 09-1999 STD-BSI BS EN 12188-ENGL L999 Lb24bb9 0794984 283 Page 4 EN 12188:1999 4 Terms and definitions F

28、or the purposes of this European Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 compressive stress (oo) the ratio of the compressive force (F) to the surface area (A,) of the cross-section of the test specimen is: 4.2 normal and shear stress the normal stress (o) and shear stress (5) are the stresse

29、s at the inclined section of the test prism (see Figure 2b) in which U= oOcos2 e (MPa or N/mm) 1.1 = bo cose sin e (MPa or Nlmm) where: e denotes the angle from the cross-section of the test prism to the inclined section, (see Figure 2a). 43 pullsff strength the maximum tensile stress carried by the

30、 bonded joint in a pull-off test as shown in Figure 3 4.4 separation failure a mode of failure where the failure occurs along a failure plane in such a way that the material on each side of the failure plane moves perpendicular to the failure plane 4.5 sliding failure a mode of failure where the fai

31、lure occurs along a failure plane in such a way that the material on each side of the failure plane moves parallel to the failure plane 4.6 slant shear strengtb the compressive strength of a scarf-jointed test prism where failure occurs along the inclined bonded joint Q BSI 09-1999 Page 5 EN 12188:1

32、999 5 Test method The failure envelope of the bonding agent (see Figure 1) shall be determined from the testing of the scarf-jointed prisms and from pull-off tests such that the failures occur entirely in the bonding agent. 5.1 Sliding failure Test prisms having inclined bonded joints, where 8 is eq

33、ual to 50, 60 and 70, shall be tested in compression until failure (see Figure 2a). The slant shear strengths and the failure modes shall be observed and recorded. The corresponding values of Q and t shall be plotted in a (u ; r) co-ordinate system, and a straight line fitted by applying regression

34、analysis technique. From the position of this line the coefficient of friction, p, and the cohesion, c, shall be determined. 5.2 Separation failure The dollies shall be tested in tension by pull-off test until failure, (see Figure 3). The pull-off strength represents the resistance against separatio

35、nf;. 6 Equipment Compression testing machine, for testing scarf-jointed prisms shall be of a type capable of providing a constant stress rate between 0.1 MPa per second and 1 ,O MPa per second. The testing apparatus for conducting the pull- off test shall be in accordance with EN 24624. Vernier gaug

36、e, for measuring joint thickness. 7 Slant shear test 7.1 Test specimens The test specimens shall be bonded steel prisms meeting the following requirements. 7.1.1 Dimensions Prismatic steel specimens having a square cross-section of 40 mm by 40 mm and a length of 160 mm shall be used. Each of the tes

37、t prisms shall consist of two identical semi prisms produced from the 40 mm x 40 mm x 160 mm steel prism by a saw cut at an angle of 8 to the transverse axis of the prism see Figure 2a)l. The sawn surfaces shall be degreased using a suitable degreasing agent, for example acetone, and then shall be p

38、repared by grit blasting. The intent is to achieve a roughness sufficient to ensure a failure within the bond plane of the adhesive (see 7.2.5). Immediately on completion of grit blasting any surface dust shall be removed and the adhesive applied immediately. 7.1.2 Number of specimens For each set o

39、f prescribed testing conditions a minimum of three specimens shall be tested for each of three angles. 7.13 Pmparation Sets of two identical semi-prisms shall be bonded with the adhesive agent and clamped together to achieve a 1 mm to 2 mm thick bond line with no entrapped air voids. Appropriate spa

40、cers shall be used to control the thickness of the bonding agent. The steel-to-steel bonding shall be camed out in accordance with the specification given by the manufacturer. After hardening, excess bonding agent shall be cut away. For each test prism the thickness of the bonding joint shall be det

41、ermined as the average of the joint thicknesses measured at the mid-points of the four sides of the prism. The bonding agent shall be cured in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer. 6 BSI 09-1 999 STD=BSI BS EN 121BB-ENGL 1999 LbZLIbb9 079498b 05b Page 6 EN 12188:1999 7.1.4 Tempera

42、ares The resin and hardener component of the bonding agent shall be conditioned to a test temperature of (21 f 2) “C, (60 f 10) % relative humidity before mixing. 7.1.5 Tolerances of the geometry Tolerances of the dimensions of the semi-prisms shall not be greater than IO, 1 mm. Each of the long fac

43、es of the bonded test prisms shall lie between two parallel planes 0,20 mm apart. 7.2 Test procedure 7.2.1 Temperature The test prisms shall be maintained at the temperature specified for not less than 16 h before testing commences. Testing shall be carried out at (2 1 f 2) OC, (60 f 10) % relative

44、humidity unless any other temperature condition is agreed. 7.2.2 Extreme temperatures For testing at extremes of environmental conditions, alternative conditioning and testing temperatures shall be used. 7.2.3 Loading procedure The loading procedure shall be in accordance with the specification for

45、the testing machine. The scarf-jointed prisms shall be loaded according to the standard procedures for testing cylinders for compressive strength. The rate of axial stress shall be between 0,5 MPds (N/mm/s) and 1,0 Mpds (N/mm2/s) (see Figure 2). 7.2.4 Failure modes Various failure modes are possible

46、 for the scarf-jointed prisms. The failure modes achieved shall be described and reported. An acceptable failure mode will pass entirely through the adhesion agent. A test of a scarf-jointed prism shall be rejected if a sliding failure occurs at the interface between the steel surface and the adhesi

47、on agent. However, it is acceptable if not more than 10 % of the sliding area takes place at the interface. 7.2.5 Calculation of the slant shear strength The slant shear strength (ao) shall be calculated for each specimen by dividing the load at failure by the cross-sectional area of the prism and e

48、xpressing the results in units of MPa (Nlmm). The determination of p and c shall be carried out by linear regression analysis. The mean slant shear strength of scarf-jointed prisms having equal values of angle 0 of joint shall be calculated to the nearest O. 1 MPa for the purpose of the determinatio

49、n of the coefficient of friction p and the cohesion c, to be found by regression analysis. The stresses aand r with respect to an angle 19 between the cross-section and the joint shall be calculated by means of the formulae given in 4.2. Table 1 presents values of duo and doo with respect to the angle 8. Q BSI 09-1999 STD-8SI 8s EN 12188-ENGL 1999 D Lb24bb7 0774787 T92 D 8 50 60 70 Page 7 EN 12188:1999 du“ 90 0,4 13 0,492 0,250 0,433 0,117 0.32 1 Table 1 -Values of normal stress CT and shear stress r in a bonded joint of a scarf-jointed prism in relation to