DIN ISO 2049-2001 Petroleum products - Determination of colour (ASTM scale) (ISO 2049 1996)《石油产品 颜色的测定(ASTM 刻度)》.pdf

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1、DEUTSCHE NORM June 2001 I Petroleum products Determination of colour (ASTM scale) (IS0 2049 : 1996) DIN IS0 2049 - ICs 75.080 Supersedes February 1979 edition. Minerallerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Farbe (ASTM-Skala) (IS0 2049 : 1996) This standard incorporates International Standard IS0 2049 Petrole

2、um products - Determination of colour (ASTM scale). A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by ISO/TC 28 Petroleum products and lubricants. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testi

3、ng Standards Committee), Technical Committee Prfung von flssigen Kraftstoffen und Heizlen. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in clause 2 of the IS0 Standard are as follows: IS0 Standard DIN Standard IS0 3015 DIN EN 23015 IS0 3016 DIN IS0 3016 IS0 3696 DIN IS0

4、 3696 IS0 6271 DIN IS0 6271 Amendments This standard differs from the February 1979 edition in that Annex A containing specifications for colorim- eter, artificial daylight source and glass colour standards has been included. Previous editions DIN 51 578: 1960-1 O; DIN IS0 2049: 1979-02. National An

5、nex NA Standards referred to (and not included in Normative references) DIN EN 2301 5 Determination of cloud point of petroleum products (IS0 3015 : 1992) DIN IS0 6271 Clear liquids - Estimation of colour by the platinum-cobalt scale (IS0 6271 : 1997) IS0 Standard comprises 6 pages. Q No part of thi

6、s standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). Ref. No. DIN IS0 2049 : 2001 -O( English price group 07 Sales No. 040 09.0 COPYRI

7、GHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 1 IS0 2049 : 1996 Petroleum products Determination of colour (ASTM scale) Foreword IS0 (the Internation

8、al Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been e

9、stablished has the right to be rep- resented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standa

10、rdization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 2049 was prepared by Technical Comm

11、ittee ISOTTC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS0 2049:1972), which has been technically revised. Annex A forms an integral part of this International Standard COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Info

12、rmation Handling ServicesPage 2 IS0 2049 : 1996 WARNING - The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this stand

13、ard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the visual determination of the colour of a variety of petroleum products, such as lubricating oils, heating fue

14、ls, diesel fuels and petroleum waxes. It is limited to products that do not contain artificial dyes. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions

15、 indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently val

16、id International Standards. IS0 301 5:1992, Petroleum products - Determination of cloud point. IS0 301 6: 1994, Petroleum products - Determination of pour point. IS0 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods. IS0 6271 :-I), Clear liquids - Estimation of colour b

17、y the pla tinum-cobalt scale. IS0 6353-2:1983, Reagents for chemical analysis - Part 2: Specifications - First series 3 Principle A test portion of the petroleum product is viewed under an artificial daylight source and the colour compared with a number of standard colour glasses. The matching colou

18、r standard, or that closest to it on the darker side, is recorded as the colour value. If the colour is darker than the darkest standard, dilution with a specified solvent can be applied to permit matching. 4 Reagents and materials 4.1 Water, complying with the requirements of Grade3 of IS0 3696 and

19、 colour no greater than 1 O units (Hazen) in accordance with IS0 6271. 4.2 Kerosine, lighter in colour than a potassium dichromate (KCr207) solution formed by dissolving 4,8 mg of pure anhydrous potassium dichromate, as specified in IS0 6353-2, in 1 litre of water (4.1 ). 5 Apparatus 5.1 Colorimeter

20、, consisting of a light source, glass colour standards, sample container housing with cover and viewing piece, conforming to one of the designs described in annex A. 5.2 Sample container, of clear colourless glass. For referee tests, use the glass sample jar shown in figure 1. For routine tests, it

21、is permissible to use a glass jar such as is used for the cloud point and pour point tests, in accordance with IS0 3015 and IS0 3016 respectively, .e. a cylindrical jar with a flat bottom of 30 mm to 32.4 mm internal diameter, 11 5 mm to 125 mm external height, and a wall thick- ness no greater than

22、 1,6 mm. 1) To be published (Revision of IS0 6271 :1981 i COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesDimensions in millimetres Page 3 IS0 2049 : 1996 7 Procedure 9 2.0 1.2 - Figure 1 - Glass sample jar 5.3 Sample cover, of any suitable material

23、 that is dull black on the inside and is designed to completely shield the containers as described in 7.2. 6 Preliminary examination of sample 6.1 Liquid petroleum products Fill the sample container to a depth of 50 mm or more and observe the colour. If the sample is not clear, heat it to a temperat

24、ure 6 “C above the point at which the cloud or haze disappears, and determine the colour at that temperature. If the sample is darker than 8,O colour (see table A.21, mix 15 volumes of the sample into 85volumes of kerosine (4.2) and deter- mine the colour of the mixture. 6.2 Petroleum waxes, includi

25、ng petrolatum Heat the sample to a temperature 11 “C to 17 “C above the melting point of the wax. If the sample is darker than 8,O colour (see table A.21, mix 15 volumes of melted sample with 85volumes of kerosine (4.2) brought to the same temperature, and determine the colour of the mixture at that

26、 temperature. 7.1 Fill two sample containers (5.2) if using a two- field comparator, or three sample containers if using a three-field comparator, with water (4.1) to a depth of at least 50 mm, and place one container in the sample compartment and the other(s) in the standard glasses compartment of

27、the colorimeter. Switch on the arti- ficial daylight source and confirm that the light inten- sity through all compartments is equal when the standard glasses are not in the path of the daylight source. 7.2 Place a sample container (5.2) or containers, filled to a depth of at least 50 mm with water

28、(4.11, in that Compartment or compartments of the colori- meter through which the standard glasses will be observed. Place the sample in its container in the other compartment. Cover the containers with the sample cover (5.3) to exclude all exterior light. 7.3 Switch on the light source of the color

29、imeter and compare the colour of the sample with that of the standard glasses. If using a three-field comparator, bracket the sample by darker and lighter glass discs or by an exact match and a darker glass disc. Determine, for two-field comparators, which glass matches the colour of the sample; or

30、if an exact match is not possible, then use that glass which has the next darker colour. 8 Expression of results Report as the colour of the sample, the designation of the glass producing a matching colour, for example: “7.5 colour“. If the colour of the sample is intermediate between those of two s

31、tandard glasses, report the designation of the darker glass preceded by the letter “L“, for example: “L7.5 colour“. Never report the colour of a sample as behg darker than a given standard except those samples darker than 8, for which the designation “D8 colour“ shall be given. If the sample has bee

32、n diluted with kerosine (4.2). report the colour of the mixture followed by the abbreviation “Dil“, for example: “L7,5 Di1 colour“. 9 Precision The following criteria shall be used for judging the acceptability of results (95 % confidence level) when using the reference sample containers. NOTE 1 The

33、 precision was derived by an interlaboratory test programme using sample containers of the dimensions COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normung E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 4 IS0 2049 : 1996 shown in figure 1. The changes that have been introduced into the dimensions

34、 for routine analysis, in order to align with those specified in other International Standards stipulating similar glassware, are not expected to change the precision values, although this has not been verified. material would, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed 1 colour

35、number only in one case in 20. 10 Test report 9.1 Repeatability The difference between successive test results, obtained by the same operator with the same appar- atus under constant operating conditions on identical test material would, in the normal and correct oper- ation of the test method, exce

36、ed 0,5 of a colour number only in one case in 20. 9.2 Reproducibility The difference between two single and independent test results, obtained by different operators working in different laboratories on nominally identical test The test report shall contain at least the following information: a) a r

37、eference to this International Standard; b) the type and complete identification of the prod- uct tested; c the results of the test (see clause 8); d) any deviation, by agreement or otherwise, from the standard procedures specified; e) the date of the test. COPYRIGHT DIN DEUTSCHES Institut Fur Normu

38、ng E.V.- EnglishLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 5 IS0 2049 : 1996 Annex A (normative) Colorimeter and associated apparatus A. 1 Colorimeter Use an instrument that will illuminate and permit observation of the sample and any one of the colour standards (or in the case of a three-field i

39、nstrument, any two of the colour standards) simultaneously, either by direct viewing or with an optical eye-piece. A two-field instrument shall show two illuminated areas of equal size and shape, one filled with light transmitted by a colour standard, the other with light transmitted by the sample.

40、These illuminated areas shall be disposed symmetrically about a vertical median line and shall be separated in a horizontal direction so that the horizontal separation of the closest portions subtends the eye of the observer not less than 2“ nor more than 3,6“. A three-field instrument shall show th

41、ree illuminated areas in the field of view. Two areas shall be filled with light transmitted by two different colour stan- dards, and these shall be disposed symmetrically about the third area which shall be filled with light transmitted by the sample. The rectangular dimen- sions of each of the thr

42、ee areas shall be the same, and the left- and right-hand corners of the full field of view shall be rounded with a radius not exceeding half the vertical dimension. The illuminated areas shall be separated in a horizontal direction by vertical lines so that the closest portion of the sample area and

43、 any one of the colour standards illuminated areas sub- tends the eye of the observer not less than 0.3“ nor more than 0,6“. Each illuminated area in the two-field instrument shall cover a circle of diameter subtending at least 2,2“, and may be enlarged to any size provided that no two illuminated p

44、oints in the field of view are separated by a distance subtending more than 10“. In the case of the three-field direct viewing instrument, the subtend- ing angles become 2.6“ and 6,4“ respectively. NOTE 2 The angle subtended by a line of length d, in a plane perpendicular to the line of sight, and s

45、eparated from the eye of the observer by a distance D, is given in degrees by 57,3 d/D. The angle subtended by the image of this line, seen by viewing it through an eyepiece of magnification M, is given in degrees by 57.3 MdlD, where Di is the distance between the eye of the observer and the plane o

46、f the image. A.2 Artificial daylight source A.2.1 Source This may be a separate unit or an integral part of the colorimeter. The source consists of a lamp of colour temperature 2750 K (or if a quartz halogen lamp is used, 3300 K), a daylight filter glass (A.2.2) and a flashed opal glass. The combine

47、d elements possess spectral characteristics similar to northern daylight. The source shall provide a transluscent or opaque diffuse background of 900 Ix $: 100 Ix brightness, against which the colour standards and sample shall be viewed. The background of illuminated opal glass shall be free from gl

48、are or shadows. The light source shall be designed so that there is no extraneous light interfering with the observation. NOTE 3 When electric current is not available. the color- imeter may be designed to use diffused daylight provided that direct sunlight is avoided. Coloured objects should be exc

49、luded from the immediate foreground when using diffused daylight. A.2.2 Filter A spectrometric test of an acceptable daylight filter glass shall indicate a transmittance of radiant energy of not less than 0.60 at 410 nm with a smooth curve down to a transmittance below 0.10 at 700 nm. This curve shall also be without the pronounced hump which is characteristic of excess cobalt, the typical cobalt curve having an increased transmittance at 570 nm above a straight line drawn between the points indicating transmittance at 540 nm and 590 nm, and also a transmittance band above 660 nm.