DIN EN ISO 21457-2010 Petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems (ISO 21457 2010) German vers.pdf

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1、December 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 19No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 75.180.10!$lq“1735978www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 21457Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas productionsystems (ISO 21457:2010)English translation of DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie Werkstoffauswahl

3、 und Korrosionsschutzmanahmen fr l- und Gasproduktionssysteme(ISO 21457:2010)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel Choix de matriaux et contrle de la corrosion pour les systmes de production de ptroleet de gaz (ISO 21457:2010)Traduc

4、tion anglaise de DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.4512.10 DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Commi

5、ttee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries”, Working Group WG 8 “Materials, corrosion control, welding and jointing, and non-destructive examination (NDE)” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipm

6、ent and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewin-nung (Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Standards Committee), Working Committee

7、NA 109-00-01 AA Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie Spiegelausschuss zu CEN/TC 12 und ISO/TC 67. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 15156-1 DIN EN ISO 15156-1 ISO

8、15156-2 DIN EN ISO 15156-2 ISO 15156-3 DIN EN ISO 15156-3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 15156-1, Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant ma

9、terials DIN EN ISO 15156-2, Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and the use of cast irons DIN EN ISO 15156-3, Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in

10、H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 21457 September 2010 ICS 75.180.01 English Version Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Material

11、s selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems (ISO 21457:2010) Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel Choix des matriaux et contrle de la corrosion pour les systmes de production de ptrole et de gaz (ISO 21457:2010) Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie W

12、erkstoffauswahl und Korrosionsschutzmana men fr l- und Gasproduktionssysteme (ISO 21457:2010) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 September 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard th

13、e status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germ

14、an). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus

15、, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMI

16、T EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 21457:2010: EhContents 2 DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12 EN ISO 21457:

17、2010 (E) Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 6 3.1 Terms and definitions .6 3.2 Abbreviated terms .9 4 Design information for materials selection.10 5 Materials selection report .11 6 General guidelines for corrosion evaluation

18、s and materials selection .11 6.1 General11 6.2 Internal corrosion in oil and gas production and processing 12 6.3 Internal corrosion in injection systems.16 6.4 Internal corrosion in utility systems16 6.5 Sand erosion 17 6.6 External corrosion .17 6.7 Polymeric materials.19 6.8 Glass-fibre-reinforc

19、ed plastic.19 6.9 Mechanical properties and material usage limitations19 7 Materials selection for specific applications and systems .20 7.1 General20 7.2 Oil and gas production and processing systems 21 7.3 Injection systems.23 7.4 Utility systems24 7.5 Pipelines and flowlines .28 8 Corrosion contr

20、ol.29 8.1 Chemical treatment29 8.2 Internal corrosion allowance 30 8.3 Selection of internal and external coatings 31 8.4 External splash zone protection 31 8.5 Cathodic protection.31 8.6 Corrosion protection of closed compartments 32 8.7 Connection of dissimilar materials32 8.8 Sealing materials .3

21、3 8.9 Fasteners 33 8.10 Weld overlay.34 8.11 Preferential weld corrosion 34 8.12 Corrosion management 34 Annex A (informative) Design basis for hydrocarbon systems .35 Annex B (informative) Corrosion monitoring .37 Annex C (informative) Chemical composition of some typical oilfield alloys 38 Bibliog

22、raphy 42 Foreword This document (EN ISO 21457:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structu

23、res for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standar

24、ds shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Intern

25、al Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo

26、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 21457:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 21457:2010 without any modification. 3 DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12 EN ISO 21457:2010 (E)

27、Introduction The provision of well-established and robust material selection guidelines offers a means of satisfying long-term materials performance that meet the minimum requirements for a broad range of end users in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. An additional benefit can

28、 be to enable product suppliers to develop, manufacture and provide off-the-shelf equipment that meets these requirements. Oil and gas production projects benefit from a structured evaluation of materials used for the different fluids being handled. Therefore, the main objective of this Internationa

29、l Standard is to provide general requirements with guidelines for the selection of materials for systems and components, with due consideration to the transported fluids and the external environment. It is the end users responsibility to provide a project document with respect to implementation of t

30、he requirements and guidelines of this International Standard, and to specify the design conditions for material selection. In addition to the end user, the organization responsible for the facility or for the equipment design, or for both, is regarded as responsible for materials selection. This In

31、ternational Standard is developed to provide responsible parties with a structured process to carry out materials selection in a consistent manner as a part of the engineering work, based upon a design basis for a particular installation. This International Standard is intended for use by oil compan

32、ies and engineering contractors. Users of this International Standard are advised that further or differing requirements might be needed for individual applications. This International Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment

33、or engineering solutions for the individual application. This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, it is advisable that the vendor identify any variations from this International Standard and provide details. DIN EN ISO 2

34、1457:2010-12 EN ISO 21457:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This International Standard identifies the corrosion mechanisms and parameters for evaluation when performing selection of materials for pipelines, piping and equipment related to transport and processing of hydrocarbon production, including utility and i

35、njection systems. This includes all equipment from and including the well head, to and including pipelines for stabilized products. This International Standard is not applicable to downhole components. Guidance is given for the following: corrosion evaluations; materials selection for specific appli

36、cations, or systems, or both; performance limitations for specific materials; corrosion control. This International Standard refers to materials that are generally available, with properties that are known and documented. It also allows other materials to be evaluated and qualified for use. This Int

37、ernational Standard does not provide detailed material requirements or guidelines for manufacturing and testing of equipment. Such information can be found in particular product and manufacturing standards. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicati

38、on of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 15156-11), Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas pro

39、duction Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials ISO 15156-21), Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons ISO 15156-

40、31), Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys 1) ISO 15156 (all parts) has been adopted by NACE as NACE MR0175/ISO 15156. 5 DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12 EN

41、 ISO 21457:2010 (E) 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 aquifer water water from an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated materials 3.1.2 carbon steel al

42、loy of carbon and iron containing up to 2 % mass fraction carbon and up to 1,65 % mass fraction manganese and residual quantities of other elements, except those intentionally added in specific quantities for deoxidation (usually silicon and/or aluminium) NOTE Carbon steels used in the petroleum ind

43、ustry usually contain less than 0,8 % mass fraction carbon. ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.3 3.1.3 corrosion-resistant alloy alloy intended to be resistant to general and localized corrosion by oilfield environments that are corrosive to carbon steels NOTE This definition is in accordance with ISO 1

44、5156-1 and is intended to include materials such as stainless steel with minimum 11,5 % (mass fraction) Cr, and nickel, cobalt and titanium base alloys. Other ISO standards can have other definitions. 3.1.4 end user owner or organization that is responsible for operation of an installation/facility

45、3.1.5 free-machining steel steel composition to which elements such as sulfur, selenium or lead have been intentionally added to improve machinability 3.1.6 fugacity non-ideal partial pressure that a component in a mixture exerts in the vapour phase when in equilibrium with the liquid mixture NOTE T

46、he fugacity factor depends on the temperature and the total pressure. 3.1.7 glass-fibre-reinforced plastic composite material made of thermosetting resin and reinforced with glass fibres 3.1.8 hydrogen-induced cracking HIC planar cracking that occurs in carbon and low alloy steels when atomic hydrog

47、en diffuses into the steel and then combines to form molecular hydrogen at trap sites 6 DIN EN ISO 21457:2010-12 EN ISO 21457:2010 (E) NOTE Cracking results from the pressurization of trap sites by hydrogen. No externally applied stress is needed for the formation of hydrogen-induced cracks. Trap si

48、tes capable of causing HIC are commonly found in steels with high impurity levels that have a high density of planar inclusions and/or regions of anomalous microstructure (e.g. banding) produced by segregation of impurity and alloying elements in the steel. This form of hydrogen-induced cracking is

49、not related to welding. ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.12 3.1.9 hydrogen stress cracking HSC cracking that results from the presence of hydrogen in a metal and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) NOTE HSC describes cracking in metals that are not sensitive to SSC but which can be embrittled by hydrogen when galvanically coupled, as the cathode, to another metal that is corroding actively as an anode. The term “galvanically induced HSC” has been used for this mechanism of cracking. ISO 15156-1:2009, defi