DIN EN ISO 9241-303-2012 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 303 Requirements for electronic visual displays (ISO 9241-303 2011) German version EN ISO 9241-303 2011《人-系统交.pdf

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1、March 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 19No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、13.180; 35.180!$zC“1873225www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 9241-303Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays(ISO 9241-303:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion Teil 303: Anforderungen an elektronische op

3、tische Anzeigen (ISO 9241-303:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03Ergonomie de linteraction homme-systme Partie 303: Exigences relatives aux crans de visualisation lectroniques(ISO 9241-303:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03SupersedesDIN EN ISO 9241-303:2009

4、-06www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.5202.12 DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics”, in co

5、llaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (both secretariats are held by DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 023-00-04-02 AK Visuelle Anforderungen an Bildsc

6、hirme. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 9241-302 DIN EN ISO 9241-302 ISO 9241-307 DIN EN ISO 9241-307 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2009-06 as follows: a) terms and definitions related to elect

7、ronic visual displays were transferred to, and collected in, ISO 9241-302; b) while the areas previously covered in ISO 9241 and ISO 13406 remained essentially unchanged, test methods and requirements were updated to account for advances in science and technology; c) all generic ergonomic requiremen

8、ts were incorporated into ISO 9241-303; d) the application of those requirements to different display technologies, application areas and environmental conditions including test methods and pass/fail criteria is specified in ISO 9241-307. Previous editions DIN 66234-1: 1980-03 DIN 66234-2: 1983-05 D

9、IN 66234-5: 1981-03 DIN 66234-6: 1984-12 DIN 66234-7: 1984-12 DIN 66234-9: 1988-08 DIN EN 29241-3: 1993-08 DIN EN 29241-3/A1: 2002-07 DIN EN ISO 9241-7: 1998-12 DIN EN ISO 9241-8: 1998-04 DIN EN ISO 13406-2: 2003-12 DIN EN ISO 9241-303: 2009-06 DIN EN ISO 13406-2: 2003-12 DIN EN ISO 9241-303: 2009-0

10、6 DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 9241-302, Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 302: Terminology for electronic visual displays DIN EN ISO 9241-307, Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 307: Analysis and compliance test methods for

11、 electronic visual displays DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 9241-303 November 2011 ICS 13.180; 35.180 Supersedes EN ISO 9241-303:2008English Version Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 303: Requirements

12、 for electronic visual displays (ISO 9241-303:2011)Ergonomie de linteraction homme-systme - Partie 303: Exigences relatives aux crans de visualisation lectroniques (ISO 9241-303:2011) Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 303: Anforderungen an elektronische optische Anzeigen This European S

13、tandard was approved by CEN on 10 November 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concer

14、ning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into

15、 its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irelan

16、d, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17,

17、 B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 9241-303:2011: E(ISO 9241-303:2011) Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Guiding principl

18、es .6 5 Ergonomic requirements and recommendations .7 5.1 Viewing conditions 7 5.1.1 General 7 5.1.2 Design viewing distance .7 5.1.3 Design viewing direction 8 5.1.4 Gaze and head tilt angles 9 5.1.5 Displays for virtual images .9 5.2 Luminance 9 5.2.1 General 9 5.2.2 Illuminance .9 5.2.3 Display l

19、uminance .9 5.2.4 Luminance balance and glare 10 5.2.5 Luminance adjustment 10 5.3 Special physical environments 10 5.3.1 General 10 5.3.2 Vibration .10 5.3.3 Wind and rain .11 5.3.4 Excessive temperatures 11 5.4 Visual artefacts 11 5.4.1 General 11 5.4.2 Luminance non-uniformity .11 5.4.3 Colour no

20、n-uniformity .11 5.4.4 Contrast uniformity12 5.4.5 Geometric distortions .13 5.4.6 Screen and faceplate defects .13 5.4.7 Temporal instability (flicker) .13 5.4.8 Spatial instability (jitter) 14 5.4.9 Moir effects .14 5.4.10 Other instabilities.15 5.4.11 Unwanted reflections 15 5.4.12 Unintended dep

21、ths effects 15 5.5 Legibility and readability .16 5.5.1 General 16 5.5.2 Luminance contrast .16 5.5.3 Image polarity .16 5.5.4 Character height 16 5.5.5 Text size constancy .17 5.5.6 Character stroke width 18 5.5.7 Character width-to-height ratio 18 5.5.8 Character format 18 5.5.9 Between-character

22、spacing 18 5.5.10 Between-word spacing 18 5.5.11 Between-line spacing 18 DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 2 5.6 Legibility of information coding . 19 5.6.1 General . 19 5.6.2 Luminance coding . 19 5.6.3 Blink coding . 19 5.6.4 Colour coding 19 5.6.5 Geometrical coding . 19 5.7 Le

23、gibility of graphics 19 5.7.1 General . 19 5.7.2 Monochrome and multicolour object size 19 5.7.3 Contrast for object legibility . 20 5.7.4 Colour considerations for graphics 20 5.7.5 Background and surrounding image effects 21 5.7.6 Number of colours . 21 5.8 Fidelity 22 5.8.1 General . 22 5.8.2 Col

24、our gamut and reference white 22 5.8.3 Gamma and grey scale . 22 5.8.4 Rendering of moving images . 23 5.8.5 Image formation time (IFT) . 24 5.8.6 Spatial resolution 24 5.8.7 Raster modulation or fill factor 24 5.8.8 Pixel density . 25 6 Conformance . 25 Annex A (informative) Overview of the ISO 924

25、1 series . 26 Annex B (informative) Attractivity, or subject visual quality 27 Annex C (informative) Usability aspects of installation 28 Annex D (normative) Basic concepts of visual perception for contrast and luminance of electronic displays 30 Annex E (informative) Virtual display Performance obj

26、ectives . 38 Annex F (informative) Electronic visual display accessibility Selected bibliography 45 Bibliography 47 DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 9241-303:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 Ergonomics” in collaboration wi

27、th Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdr

28、awn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 9241-303:2008. Accordin

29、g to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

30、 Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 9241-303:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 9241-303:2011 without any modification. “ DIN EN ISO 924

31、1-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This part of ISO 9241 addresses a large range of technologies, tasks and environments. ISO 9241 was originally developed as a seventeen-part International Standard on the ergonomics requirements for office work with visual display terminals. As p

32、art of the standards review process, a major restructuring of ISO 9241 was agreed to broaden its scope, to incorporate other relevant standards and to make it more usable. The general title of the revised ISO 9241, “Ergonomics of human-system interaction”, reflects these changes and aligns the stand

33、ard with the overall title and scope of Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Subcommittee SC 4. The revised multipart standard is structured as series of standards numbered in the “hundreds”: the 100 series deals with software interfaces, the 200 series with human-centred design, the 300 series with visu

34、al displays, the 400 series with physical input devices, and so on. See Annex A for an overview of the entire ISO 9241 series. DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This part of ISO 9241 establishes image-quality requirements, as well as providing guidelines, for electronic

35、visual displays. These are given in the form of generic independent of technology, task and environment performance specifications and recommendations that will ensure effective and comfortable viewing conditions for users with normal or adjusted-to-normal eyesight. This part of ISO 9241 does not ad

36、dress issues of accessibility for people with disabilities. However, it does take into account aspects of the eyesight of older people and could be of value to people dealing with issues of visual impairment in certain cases: the specification of essential characteristics for normal viewing can be u

37、sed to gauge the severity of different visual abnormalities so that appropriate solutions can be identified. NOTE In addition to the Bibliography, Annex F gives a selected bibliography of documents addressing the needs of people with disabilities, including people with poor, deteriorating or no eyes

38、ight. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9241-302, Ergono

39、mics of human-system interaction Part 302: Terminology for electronic visual displays ISO 9241-307, Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 307: Analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions

40、 given in ISO 9241-302 apply. 4 Guiding principles For a satisfying humandisplay interaction, a number of different requirements have to be met at the same time in an appropriate balance. For the purposes of this part of ISO 9241, these requirements have been grouped into the following eight major a

41、reas: viewing conditions; luminance; special physical environments; DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 6 visual artefacts; legibility and readability; legibility of information coding; legibility of graphics; fidelity. NOTE For the attractivity of the image on the visual display, s

42、ee Annex B. 5 Ergonomic requirements and recommendations 5.1 Viewing conditions 5.1.1 General Many tasks require that the information presented on an electronic visual display be acted upon. Viewing the display such that this information can be taken up quickly, without error and with little effort,

43、 is thus highly important. A number of viewing conditions that are necessary, though not sufficient of themselves, can be specified for achieving fast, error-free and near-effortless viewing. These pertain to the design viewing distance and direction and to the needed gaze and head tilt angles of th

44、e viewer. It is known that viewing distance and line-of-sight angle (gaze angle) need to be compatible with the users vergence and accommodation capability and his or her capability to focus on short distances. 5.1.2 Design viewing distance The design viewing distance is dependent on the task and on

45、 the electronic visual display and shall not be less than 300 mm, being the typical minimum comfortable viewing distance, or near point, for normal (emmetropic) eyes of adults. There is a physiologically determined relationship between the near point and the age of the user, shown in Figure 1, and b

46、etween the near point and the luminance level; however, there is a large variance in this relation. Shorter viewing distances, of between 200 mm and 300 mm, can be observed in children and (very) young adults, enabling them to see details (e.g. parts of characters) smaller than those that they could

47、 see at greater distances, provided that aspects such as display luminance, contrast and the sharpness are high enough. However, most adults as well as older people position their displays at a larger viewing distance, typically 300 mm and more. For larger visual displays, such as those used in offi

48、ce tasks, the preferred viewing distance is longer typically 400 mm to 750 mm. At this distance, the accommodative strain to the eyes is less than at shorter viewing distances; moreover, there is larger freedom of movement at larger viewing distances. For presentation tasks or projection, the preferred viewing distance is still larger (typically 2 m to 10 m). DIN EN ISO 9241-303:2012-03 EN ISO 9241-303:2011 (E) 7 Key X age, in years Y1 accommodation span, dioptres Y2 near point of accommodation, centimetre