DIN EN ISO 877-3-2011 Plastics - Methods of exposure to solar radiation - Part 3 Intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation (ISO 877-3 2009) German version EN ISO 87.pdf

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1、March 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、83.080.01!$n:/“1752312www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 877-3Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 3: Intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation(ISO 877-3:2009)English translation of DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 3: Beschleunigte Bewitterung mit gebndelte

3、r Sonnenstrahlung (ISO 877-3:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 3: Exposition intensifie par rayonnement solaire concentr (ISO 877-3:2009)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03Together with DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011

4、-03supersedesDIN EN ISO 877:1997-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.17DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 and03.11 DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “P

5、lastics” (Secretariat: ANSI, USA) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Kunststoffe (Plastics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 054-01-04 AA Verhalten gegen

6、 Umgebungseinflsse. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 877-1 DIN EN ISO 877-1 ISO 4892-1 DIN EN ISO 4892-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 877:1997-05 as follows: a) the standard has been divided into three

7、parts; b) the exposure of plastics to concentrated solar radiation using reflecting concentrators has been included. Previous editions DIN 53388: 1956-07, 1959-07, 1974-04, 1984-04 DIN 53388-1: 1967-08 DIN EN ISO 877: 1997-05 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 877-1, Plastics Me

8、thods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General guidance DIN EN ISO 4892-1, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance sA comma is used as the decimal marker. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 877-3 December 2010 ICS 83.080.01 Supers

9、edes EN ISO 877:1996English Version Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 3: Intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation (ISO 877-3:2009) Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 3: Exposition intensifie par rayonnement solaire concentr (ISO 877-3:200

10、9) Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 3: Beschleunigte Bewitterung mit gebndelter Sonnenstrahlung (ISO 877-3:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Eur

11、opean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versio

12、ns (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, B

13、elgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN C

14、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 877-3:2010: EContents EN ISO 8

15、77-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 2 Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Principle5 4 Apparatus .6 5 Test specimens7 6 Exposure conditions .8 7 Exposure stages 10 8 Procedure .11 9 Expression of results 12 10 Test report 13 Bibliography 14 Foreword The text of ISO

16、 877-3:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 877-3:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be giv

17、en the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th

18、e subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 877:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implem

19、ent this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swit

20、zerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 877-3:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 877-3:2010 without any modification. EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 3 Introduction The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact t

21、hat it is claimed that compliance with this document may involve the use of American patents US 6659638 B1, US 7318672 B2 and US 4807247 concerning the temperature control discussed in Subclause 6.3. ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights. The holder

22、 of these patent rights has assured ISO that he is willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of these patent rights is registered with ISO. Information may be obtained

23、from: Atlas Material Testing Technology LLC Intellectual Property 45601 North 47th Avenue Phoenix, Arizona 85087, USA Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsi

24、ble for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 4 1 Scope This part of ISO 877 specifies a method for exposing plastics to concentrated solar radiation using reflecting concentrators to accelerate the weathering processes. The purpose is to assess pr

25、operty changes produced after specified stages of such exposures. General guidance concerning the scope of ISO 877 is given in ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 1. The reflecting concentrators used in these exposures are sometimes referred to as “Fresnel reflectors” because in cross-section the array of mirror

26、s used to concentrate the solar radiation resembles the cross-section of a Fresnel lens. For additional information about solar concentrating exposures, including a partial list of standards in which they are specified, refer to the Bibliography. 2 Normative references The following referenced docum

27、ents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 877-1:2009, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General

28、 guidance ISO 4582, Plastics Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources ISO 4892-1, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance ASTM G 90, Standard Practi

29、ce for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural Sunlight ASTM G 179, Standard Specification for Metal Black Panel and White Panel Temperature Devices for Natural Weathering Tests 3 Principle This part of ISO 877 describes a method for performing a

30、ccelerated weathering on plastics using intensified solar radiation. General guidance is given in ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 4. EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 5 4 Apparatus 4.1 General requirements Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1, for general requirements. All requirements for the

31、 solar concentrating device, operation of the device and measurement of the solar radiation within the specimen exposure area shall be in accordance with ASTM G 90. See Figures 1 and 2 for schematic diagrams of the two types of test apparatus. Key 1 air plenum 6 mirror 11 clutch disc for elevation d

32、rive 2 air blower 7 gear box 12 solar cells with shadow hat 3 rotor assembly 8 mast for manual elevation adjustment 13 specimen protection door 4 air deflector 9 air flow switch 14 door release mechanism 5 A-frame assembly 10 water spray nozzles Figure 1 Schematic diagram of test apparatus with sing

33、le-axis tracking and manual elevation adjustment EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 6 Key 1 air plenum 7 gear box for elevation drive 12 clutch disc for elevation drive 2 air blower 8 control box 13 solar cells with shadow hat 3 rotor assembly 9 gear box for azimuth drive 14 specimen pro

34、tection door 4 turntable assembly 10 air flow switch 15 door release mechanism 5 A-frame assembly 11 water spray nozzles 16 air deflector 6 mirror Figure 2 Schematic diagram of test apparatus with dual-axis tracking 4.2 Apparatus for measurement of climatic factors Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause

35、 5.2. 5 Test specimens Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 6. NOTE When irregularly shaped specimens are used, air flow and specimen cooling may be adversely affected. In addition, irradiance will not be uniform on all surfaces of a shaped specimen. EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 7 6 Exp

36、osure conditions 6.1 Orientation of mirrors For specific information on the orientation of the mirrors, refer to ASTM G 90. 6.2 Exposure site Fresnel-reflecting solar concentrating devices operate most effectively at locations that receive at least 3 500 h of sunshine per year and where the average

37、daytime relative humidity is less than 30 %. ASTM G 90 provides requirements for the exposure sites average ratio of direct solar radiation to global normal solar radiation. NOTE In regions that receive 3 500 h of solar radiation and where the average daytime relative humidity is less than 30 %, the

38、 average ratio of direct solar radiation to global normal solar radiation is at least 0,75. Areas that meet these criteria have a minimum diffuse component of solar radiation (sky radiation). The use of reflecting solar concentrator devices in regions of moderate to high diffuse solar irradiance wil

39、l substantially reduce the amount of UV radiation at the specimen target board. Moderate to high levels of humidity and urban aerosols result in scattering of the direct component of solar radiation so that ultraviolet radiation is scattered into the hemispherical sky dome and is not available to be

40、 focused by the mirrors on to the specimen target board. This is shown in Figure 3. In addition, the use of reflecting solar concentrator devices in regions of moderate to high diffuse solar irradiance may give different stability rankings for materials compared to exposures conducted in accordance

41、with ISO 877-2 because of the differences in UV radiation. 6.3 Temperature control Solar concentrating devices are equipped with a blower to cool the specimens. Specimen temperatures for most materials are typically 10 C higher than the maximum temperature which would be reached if an identical spec

42、imen was exposed directly to solar radiation (without concentration) at normal incidence at the same time. If more precise control of specimen temperature is required, the temperature of a black or white panel, the temperature of a black or white standard thermometer, the temperature of a particular

43、 specimen, the air temperature or the temperature indicated by a remote sensor may be monitored and used as an input to control the specimen temperature. If used, report the controlled temperature and any observed deviations in the test report. NOTE 1 Use of this method of temperature control may pr

44、oduce results that are not equivalent to typical solar concentrating exposures and may require longer radiant exposures to produce the same amount of degradation. Unless otherwise specified, if measurement of black- or white-panel temperature is required, the panels shall be constructed, calibrated

45、and maintained in accordance with ASTM G 179. Unless otherwise specified, if measurement of black- or white-standard temperature is required, the panels shall be constructed and maintained in accordance with ISO 4892-1. NOTE 2 If a black-standard temperature is used, the temperature indicated will b

46、e higher than that indicated by a black-panel thermometer under typical exposure conditions. Temperatures during the night-time are typically not controlled. If agreed upon by the interested parties, heat sources placed behind the specimens may be used to control night-time temperatures. If so, the

47、method used to control night-time temperatures shall be included in the test report. EN ISO 877-3:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03 8 Key 1 air plenum (end view) 5 flat mirror 2 specimen target board 6 mirror bed 3 test specimen 7 direct component of solar radiation 4 centre of gravity and rotation

48、8 diffuse component of solar radiation (sky radiation) Figure 3 Reflecting mechanism in a solar concentrating device 6.4 Irradiance level Measurement of total solar radiation and solar ultraviolet radiation for the determination of radiant exposure using solar concentrating exposures is described in

49、 ASTM G 90. The irradiance may be varied by changing the number of mirrors used in the device. This will also change the specimen temperature. Any modifications to the exposure conditions to modify the irradiance in the exposure area, as well as the method used to calculate or measure the modified irradiance level, shall be completely described in the test report. NOTE These modifications will change the time necessary to produce the same radiant exposure in devices using all mirrors, and may not produce an equivalent result