DIN EN ISO 534-2012 Paper and board - Determination of thickness density and specific volume (ISO 534 2011) German version EN ISO 534 2011《纸和纸板 厚度、密度和比容的测定》.pdf

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1、February 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 85.060!$yy“1866186www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 534Paper and board Determination of thickness, density and specific volume (ISO 534:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02Papier und Pappe Bestimmung der Dicke, der Dichte und des spezifischen Volumens (ISO 534:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN

3、EN ISO 534:2012-02Papier et carton Dtermination de lpaisseur, de la masse volumique et du volume spcifique(ISO 534:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02SupersedesDIN EN ISO 534:2005-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered

4、authoritative.1802.12 DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6 “Paper, board and pulps” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 172 “Pulp, paper and board” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). T

5、he responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Papier, Pappe und Faserstoff (Paper, Board and Pulps Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 074-01-14 AA Papier, Karton, Vollpappe und Wellpappe fr Verpackungen. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International St

6、andards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 186 DIN EN ISO 186 ISO 187 DIN EN 20187 ISO 536 DIN EN ISO 536 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 534:2005-05 as follows: a) the measurement of the bulking thickness according to method b) has been deleted as it is not intended f

7、or board; b) the definitions have been reformulated; c) the alternative pressure, 50 kPa, has been deleted; d) new precision data on the basis of CEPI-CTS have been included; e) the standard has been editorially revised and updated. Previous editions DIN DVM 3411 = DIN 53411: 1938-05 DIN 53111: 1954

8、-04 DIN 53105: 1968-03 DIN 53105-1: 1977-12 DIN EN 20534: 1993-10 DIN EN ISO 534: 2005-05 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 20187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples DIN EN

9、ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality DIN EN ISO 536, Paper and board Determination of grammage EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 534 November 2011 ICS 85.060 Supersedes EN ISO 534:2005English Version Paper and board - Determination of thickness, densi

10、ty and specific volume (ISO 534:2011) Papier et carton - Dtermination de lpaisseur, de la masse volumique et du volume spcifique (ISO 534:2011)Papier und Pappe - Bestimmung der Dicke, der Dichte und des spezifischen Volumens (ISO 534:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 December 201

11、1. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained o

12、n application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENE

13、LEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta

14、, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploi

15、tation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 534:2011: EContents DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 EN ISO 534:2011 (E) 2 Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle 5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Sampling .6 7 Conditioning .6

16、 8 Preparation of test pieces .6 8.1 General 6 8.2 Single sheet thickness 6 8.3 Bulking thickness 6 9 Procedure .7 9.1 General 7 9.2 Verification and calibration of micrometer .7 9.3 Determinations .7 10 Calculation and expression of results .8 10.1 Single sheet thickness 8 10.2 Bulking thickness 8

17、10.3 Apparent density9 10.4 Apparent specific volume .9 11 Test report . 10 Annex A (normative) Verification of micrometer performance and calibration. 11 Annex B (informative) Precision . 13 Bibliography . 16 Foreword This document (EN ISO 534:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6

18、 Paper, board and pulps” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 172 “Pulp, paper and board” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2

19、012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

20、This document supersedes EN ISO 534:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,

21、Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 534:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 534:2011 wi

22、thout any modification. “ DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 EN ISO 534:2011 (E) 3 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies two methods for measuring the thickness of paper and board:a) the measurement of a single sheet of paper or board as a single sheet thickness;b) the measurement of a pack of sheets of

23、paper as a bulking thickness.This International Standard also specifies calculation methods for the apparent sheet density and for the apparent bulk density, and for the apparent specific sheet volume and for the apparent specific bulk volumefrom the thickness determinations.This International Stand

24、ard is not applicable to corrugated fibreboard. In addition, the measurement of bulking thickness, method b) above, is not suitable for board1).NOTE The two methods generally lead to different results. These methods are not applicable to tissue paper and tissue products. For tissue paper and tissue

25、products, ISO 12625-3 should be used.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)

26、 applies.ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average qualityISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samplesISO 536, Paper and board Determination of grammage3 Terms and definitionsFor

27、the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1single sheet thicknessdistance between one surface of a paper or board and the other, measured under an applied static load, using this test method3.2bulking thicknessthickness of a single sheet of paper, calculated from the

28、 thickness of several superimposed sheets in a pack, and measured under an applied static load, using this test method1) For the definition of board”, see ISO 4046-3:2002, definition 3.16.DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 EN ISO 534:2011 (E) 4 3.3apparent sheet densitymass per unit volume, expressed in grams p

29、er cubic centimetre, and calculated from the single sheet thickness (3.1)NOTE This term is normally applicable to paper or board.3.4apparent bulk densitymass per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre, and calculated from the bulking thickness (3.2)NOTE This term is normally applicable

30、 to paper.3.5apparent specific sheet volumevolume per unit mass, expressed in cubic centimetres per gram, and calculated from the single sheet thickness (3.1)NOTE This term is normally applicable to paper or board.3.6apparent specific bulk volumevolume per unit mass, expressed in cubic centimetres p

31、er gram, and calculated from the bulking thickness (3.2)NOTE This term is normally applicable to paper.4 Principle4.1 Measurement of the single sheet thickness (3.1) or of the bulking thickness (3.2), according to the test requirements, by means of a precision micrometer.4.2 Calculation of the appar

32、ent sheet density (3.3) or apparent bulk density (3.4) of the paper or board, from a knowledge of its grammage and thickness.4.3 Calculation of the apparent specific sheet volume (3.5) or apparent specific bulk volume (3.6) of the paper or board, from a knowledge of its grammage and thickness.5 Appa

33、ratus5.1 Dead-weight micrometer, incorporating two plane, parallel, circular pressure faces, between which the paper or board is placed for measurement.The pressure exerted between the pressure faces during the thickness measurement shall be (100 10) kPa.The two pressure faces shall form an integral

34、 part of the micrometer, such that one face is fixed (the anvil) and the other is movable in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the fixed face.One face shall be (16,0 0,5) mm in diameter and the second face shall be of such a size that it is in contact with the whole area of the other face wh

35、en the micrometer reads zero. Thus, a circular region of a test piece, nominally 200 mm2in area, is subjected during the thickness measurement to the pressure exerted by the faces.The performance requirements of the micrometer shall be such that, when calibrated according to the method given in Anne

36、x A, the micrometer complies with the required pressure of (100 10) kPa and the performance requirements shown in Table 1 (see also 9.1).DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 EN ISO 534:2011 (E) 5 Table 1 Micrometer-performance requirementsMicrometer characteristics Maximum permitted valueaIndication error 2,5 m o

37、r 0,5 % of the readingError of parallelism between pressure faces 5 m or 1 %Repeatability of measurement (as standard deviation)1,2 m or 0,5 %aThe maximum permitted value of a micrometer characteristic is the greater of the two values.5.2 Thickness gauges, corresponding to approximately 10 %, 30 %,

38、50 %, 70 % and 90 % of the full-scale reading of the micrometer. The thickness of each gauge shall be known to an accuracy of 0,3 m.6 SamplingIf the tests are made to evaluate a lot, select the sample in accordance with ISO 186. If the tests are made on another type of sample, make sure that the tes

39、t pieces taken are representative of the sample received.7 ConditioningCondition the sample in accordance with ISO 187.8 Preparation of test pieces8.1 GeneralPrepare the test pieces in the same standard atmospheric conditions as those used to condition the sample. Avoid areas with folds, creases, cr

40、acks or other defects which could influence the results.8.2 Single sheet thicknessCut not more than two test pieces from each specimen taken at random from the sample available, with minimum dimensions 60 mm 60 mm. Ensure that the test piece dimensions are not so large that the micrometer reading is

41、 affected by the test piece mass that overhangs the lower pressure face while a measurement is being made. When measuring board, do not use test pieces with dimensions exceeding 100 mm 100 mm. These test piece dimensions are usually satisfactory for making measurements on paper.Prepare at least 20 t

42、est pieces.8.3 Bulking thicknessCut sheets at random from the sample available, preferably having dimensions 200 mm 250 mm, the 200 mm dimension being in the machine direction (see Figure 1). If this is not possible, prepare smaller sheets of at least 150 mm 150 mm.Make up a pack of ten sheets to fo

43、rm the test piece; each sheet shall be oriented in the same direction and with the same side up and the same dimensions. Each sheet shall be independent of the rest. For example, it is not permitted to fold one sheet and insert it folded into the test piece to form two or more sheets. The number of

44、sheets in a test piece shall normally be ten.Prepare at least four test pieces, and make sure that the number of sheets and their sizes in each test piece is the same.In special circumstances, such as for thick or very thin sheets or when agreed between the parties concerned, a smaller or larger num

45、ber of sheets, or a smaller or larger sheet, may be used.DIN EN ISO 534:2012-02 EN ISO 534:2011 (E) 6 The number of sheets used and their size shall be reported.Dimensions in millimetresKey1 machine direction (MD)Figure 1 Positions of measurements on a test piece for bulking thickness9 Procedure9.1

46、GeneralPrior to the use of the micrometer (5.1) or when calibrating it, ensure that the anvil, pressure foot and thickness gauges (5.2) are clean.NOTE 1 Particularly in the case of the anvil and pressure foot, small pieces of fibre can collect on these surfaces, causing erroneous high values.When th

47、ickness gauges (5.2) are used in calibration, they should be gently wiped with alcohol using a non-linting absorbent material.NOTE 2 The above requirements do not apply to 9.3.3.9.2 Verification and calibration of micrometerAt appropriate time intervals, calibrate the micrometer in the conditioning

48、atmosphere used for the measurement of thickness, and verify its performance using the method given in Annex A.For micrometers used frequently, the indication error and repeatability of measurement should be determined daily. The pressure exerted by the pressure faces and their error of parallelism should be determined at monthly intervals.9.3 Determinations9.3.1 Determination of single sheet thicknessCarry out the test in the standard atmospheric conditions in which the samples were conditioned.Place the micr