DIN EN ISO 18772-2014 Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772 2008) German versio.pdf

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1、July 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 17No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1

2、3.080.05!%2w“2158499www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 18772Soil quality Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical andecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772:2008);English version EN ISO 18772:2014,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07Bodenbeschaffenheit Anleitung

3、fr Elutionsverfahren fr die nachfolgende chemische und kotoxikologischePrfung von Bden und Bodenmaterialien (ISO 18772:2008);Englische Fassung EN ISO 18772:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07Qualit du sol Lignes directrices relatives aux modes opratoires de lixiviation en vue dess

4、ais chimiqueset cotoxicologiques ultrieurs des sols et matriaux du sol (ISO 18772:2008);Version anglaise EN ISO 18772:2014,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.3906.14 DIN E

5、N ISO 18772:2014-07 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 18772:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” and has been taken over as EN ISO 18772:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” (Secretariat: NEN, N

6、etherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 119-01-02-05 UA Elutionsverfahren of NA 119-01-02-AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchung. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International

7、 Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 11074 E DIN EN ISO 11074 ISO 17402 DIN EN ISO 17402 ISO/TS 21268-1 DIN ISO/TS 21268-1 (DIN SPEC 1128) ISO/TS 21268-2 DIN ISO/TS 21268-2 (DIN SPEC 1129) ISO/TS 21268-3 DIN ISO/TS 21268-3 (DIN SPEC 1130) ISO/TS 21268-4 DIN ISO/TS 21268-4 (DIN

8、 SPEC 1131) National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography E DIN EN ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 17402, Soil quality Requirements and guidance for the selection and application of methods for the assessment of bioavailability of contaminants in soil and soil materials DIN ISO/TS 21268

9、-1 (DIN SPEC 1128), Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 1: Batch test using a liquid to solid ratio of 2 l/kg dry matter DIN ISO/TS 21268-2 (DIN SPEC 1129), Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and

10、ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 2: Batch test using a liquid to solid ratio of 10 l/kg dry matter DIN ISO/TS 21268-3 (DIN SPEC 1130), Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 3: Up-flow percolation

11、test DIN ISO/TS 21268-4 (DIN SPEC 1131), Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 4: Influence of pH on leaching with initial acid/base addition EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18772 March 2014 ICS

12、13.080.05 English Version Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772:2008) Qualit du sol - Lignes directrices relatives aux modes opratoires de lixiviation en vue dessais chimiques et cotoxicologiques ult

13、rieurs des sols et matriaux du sol (ISO 18772:2008) Bodenbeschaffenheit - Anleitung fr Elutionsverfahren fr die nachfolgende chemische und kotoxikologische Prfung von Bden und Bodenmaterialien (ISO 18772:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 March 2014. CEN members are bound to comp

14、ly with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC

15、 Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the sa

16、me status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg

17、, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 20

18、14 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18772:2014 EContents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 General approach 7 4.1 Aim of leaching tests .7 4.2 How to

19、choose leaching tests 8 4.3 Usefulness of leaching tests to understand and characterise different mechanisms occurring in soil .11 5 Case 1: Application of leaching tests to determine the leaching behaviour of soil in the framework of impact assessment 12 5.1 Presentation and description of the asse

20、ssment methodology .12 6 Case 2: Compliance and comparison purposes 17 7 Description of test methods .18 7.1 Laboratory methods for basic characterisation and compliance/quality control testing 18 7.2 Large-scale columns and lysimeter .29 8 Example: how to use leaching test results to assess the imp

21、act of soil on groundwater 30 8.1 General 30 8.2 Use of leaching behaviour determination in subsequent transfer and impact assessment .31 Annex A (informative) Schematic representation of a contaminated site with relevant targets.32 Annex B (informative) Comparison at different scales of testing (la

22、boratory, lysimeter and field scale) .33 Bibliography 37 EN ISO 18772:2014 (E) DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07 2 Foreword The text of ISO 18772:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN I

23、SO 18772:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting

24、 national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to t

25、he CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,

26、Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18772:2008 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18772:2014 without a

27、ny modification. EN ISO 18772:2014 (E) DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07 3 Introduction Current soil and soil-materials management (risk assessment practices or regulations) is often based only on the total amount of contaminants in soil. However, total composition is inadequate for the assessment of several

28、 types of impacts such as impacts on soil, groundwater and surface water due to leaching and subsequent transport of contaminants (inorganic, organic and natural radionuclides) with water. Indeed, for many constituents, a significant fraction of the total content is essentially non-leachable, that i

29、s to say non-removable when it comes into contact with a liquid. Thus, a key aspect to assess the possible management solutions for soil and soil materials in relation to the presence of contaminant is the release-to-the-water phase. This can be addressed with leaching tests which can be used to cha

30、racterise the source term when performing impact assessment and also for the determination of a leached amount of contaminants when checking compliance with respect to existing limits or for comparison purposes (e.g. quality control, treatment efficiency). These statements are relevant for natural,

31、contaminated and agricultural soils and also for soil materials. Leaching tests, particularly those developed for soil and soil materials, are suitable for the following applications: a) Application of leaching tests to determine the leaching behaviour in the framework of impact assessment Generally

32、, impact assessment is based on the source/pathway/receptor framework. Source: assess the release, identify speciation of constituents and retention mechanisms. Receptor: determine the potential targets. Pathway: estimate the transfer of the source towards the target (e.g. underground water, surface

33、 water, plants, soil organisms, ecosystems). In this process, leaching tests are used to characterise the source term (so-called characterisation tests) in accordance with a given scenario (e.g. contamination of the groundwater due to a contaminated site or a soil amended with sludges), which can ei

34、ther be generic or site-specific. Leaching tests may also be used as a tool to assess bioavailability (see ISO 17402). b) Application of leaching tests for compliance and comparison Based on the background information on the soil and soil materials sampled (e.g. origin, nature of constituents and co

35、ntaminants, existing documented information, leaching behaviour), relatively simple and quick leaching tests can be performed for compliance and comparison purposes. In contrast to characterisation tests, this type of test is not designed to provide information on leaching mechanisms and controlling

36、 factors. However, it should be possible to link the information obtained with compliance tests to the more elaborate characterisation tests. EN ISO 18772:2014 (E) DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-07 4 1 Scope This International Standard provides guidance on the appropriate use of leaching tests on soil and so

37、il materials, in order to determine the leaching behaviour in the framework of impact assessment, or for compliance and comparison purposes, including information on the following: the choice of leaching tests, depending on the nature of the problem to be solved and the specific features of the diff

38、erent tests; the interpretation of the test results; the limitations of the tests. In this respect, it is important to keep in mind that leaching tests do not aim to simulate real field conditions, but are designed to address the contact between a solid and a liquid phase for different purposes that

39、 are described in this International Standard. This International Standard only concerns natural, contaminated and agricultural soils and soil materials. Questions relating to the leaching of wastes are not covered by this International Standard. It also does not cover the subject of bioavailability

40、 of contaminants to living organisms, which is covered by ISO 17402. Leaching tests are designed and used for characterisation of the source term. It may be possible to address transport aspects with leaching tests if some basic requirements are known (e.g. hydrodynamic), thus allowing the determina

41、tion of key transport parameters (e.g. retardation factors, particle-facilitated transport, attenuation processes). In this International Standard, when the term “soil” is only quoted to simplify the writing, the broader term “soil and soil materials” shall be considered. 2 Normative references The

42、following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this International Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/TS 21268-1, Soil quality Leaching p

43、rocedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 1: Bach test using a liquid to solid ratio of 2 l/kg dry matter ISO/TS 21268-2, Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 2: Bach

44、 test using a liquid to solid ratio of 10 l/kg dry matter ISO/TS 21268-3:2007, Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 3: Up-flow percolation test ISO/TS 21268-4, Soil quality Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical an

45、d ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials Part 4: Influence of pH on leaching with initial acid/base addition EN 12920, Characterization of waste Methodology for the determination of the leaching behaviour of waste under specificied conditions EN ISO 18772:2014 (E) DIN EN ISO 18772:2014-

46、07 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 contaminants substance or agent present in the soil as a result of human activity NOTE There is no assumption in this definition that harm results from the presence of the contaminant. ISO

47、11074:2005 3.2 eluate solution obtained after the laboratory leaching procedure of a soil in contact with a leachant 3.3 leachant liquid used in a leaching test 3.4 leachate liquid that has percolated through soil under field conditions 3.5 leaching dissolution and movement of dissolved substances c

48、aused by the movement and quality (e.g. pH, ionic strength) of water or other liquids in the soil NOTE 1 In pedology, leaching is defined as the movement of dissolved substances caused by the movement of water or other liquids in the soil. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 11074:2005. 3.6 leaching behaviour r

49、elease and time change in release from the soil upon contact with a leachant as affected by the conditions specified in the scenario, especially within the specified time frame 3.7 liquid to solid ratio L/S ratio between the total amount of liquid (L in litres), which in this extraction is in contact with the soil sample, and the dry mass of the sample (S in kilograms of dry matter) NOTE L/S is expressed in l/kg. 3.8 lysimete