DIN EN ISO 16810-2014 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing - General principles (ISO 16810 2012) German version EN ISO 16810 2014《无损检测 超声波检测 一般原理》.pdf

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1、July 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1

2、9.100!%2a“2159762www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 16810Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing General principles (ISO 16810:2012);English version EN ISO 16810:2014,English translation of DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07Zerstrungsfreie Prfung Ultraschallprfung Allgemeine Grundstze (ISO 16810:2012);Englische Fassung

3、 EN ISO 16810:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07Essais non destructifs Contrle par ultrasons Principes gnraux (ISO 16810:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 16810:2014,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07SupersedesDIN EN 583-1:1998-12www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-

4、language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 16 pages06.14 DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 16810:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” and has been taken over as

5、 EN ISO 16810:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-08-23 AA Ultraschallprfung. Th

6、e DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 2400 DIN EN ISO 2400 ISO 7963 DIN EN ISO 7963 ISO 9712 DIN EN ISO 9712 ISO 16811 DIN EN ISO 16811 ISO 16823 DIN EN ISO 16823 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 583-1:1998-12 as fol

7、lows: a) ISO 16810 (based on EN 583-1) has been adopted in full; b) normative references have been updated; c) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 54126-1: 1982-10 DIN 54126-2: 1982-10 DIN EN 583-1: 1998-12 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 2400, No

8、n-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 1 DIN EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel DIN EN ISO 7963, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 2 DIN EN ISO 16811, Non-des

9、tructive testing Ultrasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting DIN EN ISO 16823, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Transmission technique EN ISO 16810March 2014 ICS 19.100 Supersedes EN 583-1:1998English Version Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing - General principles (ISO 16810

10、:2012) Essais non destructifs - Contrle par ultrasons - Principes gnraux (ISO 16810:2012) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Ultraschallprfung - Allgemeine Grundstze (ISO 16810:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 February 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Re

11、gulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN me

12、mber. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

13、 CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Polan

14、d, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16810:2014 E

15、EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORM1Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Qualification and certification of personnel 6 4 Information required

16、prior to examination 6 5 Principles of ultrasonic examination . 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Vibration mode and direction of sound propagation . 7 5.3 Transmission technique 7 5.4 Pulse echo technique 7 6 Equipment . 8 6.1 Ultrasonic instrument 8 6.2 Ultrasonic probes . 8 6.2.1 Probe selection . 8 6.2.2 Freq

17、uency and dimensions of transducer 8 6.2.3 Dead zone . 8 6.2.4 Damping 9 6.2.5 Focusing probes 9 6.3 Coupling media 9 6.4 Calibration blocks 9 6.5 Reference blocks 9 6.6 Specific blocks . 10 7 Settings . 10 7.1 General settings . 10 7.2 Range settings 10 7.3 Amplification . 11 7.4 Pulse repetition f

18、requency 11 8 Preparation for examination . 11 8.1 Surface preparation . 11 8.2 Identification and datum points 11 8.3 Application of transfer correction 11 9 Examination 12 9.1 Examination coverage . 12 9.2 Overlap and scanning speed 12 9.2.1 Overlap 12 9.2.2 Scanning speed 12 9.3 Evaluation and re

19、cording levels . 12 9.3.1 Pulse echo technique 12 9.3.2 Transmission technique 12 10 Characterization of imperfections 12 10.1 Pulse echo technique 12 10.2 Transmission techniques 13 11 Examination procedure . 13 12 Examination report . 14 2DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07 EN ISO 16810:2014 (E) ForewordThe

20、text of ISO 16810:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16810:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held b

21、y AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibilit

22、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 583-1:1998. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiza

23、tions of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mal

24、ta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16810:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16810:2014 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07EN ISO 16810:2014 (E)3Intro

25、duction This International Standard is based on EN 583-1:1998, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 1: General principles. The following International Standards are linked. ISO 16810, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing General principles ISO 16811, Non-destructive testing Ultr

26、asonic testing Sensitivity and range setting ISO 16823, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Transmission technique ISO 16826, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Examination for discontinuities perpendicular to the surface ISO 16827, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Character

27、ization and sizing of discontinuities ISO 16828, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Time-of-flight diffraction technique as a method for detection and sizing of discontinuities 4DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07 EN ISO 16810:2014 (E) 1 Scope This International Standard defines the general principles

28、required for the ultrasonic examination of industrial products that permit the transmission of ultrasound. The specific conditions of application and use of ultrasonic examination, which depend on the type of product examined, are described in documents which could include: product standards; specif

29、ications; codes; contractual documents; written procedures. Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents the minimum requirements of this International Standard are applicable. This International Standard does not define: extent of examination and scanning plans; acceptance criteria. 2 No

30、rmative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9712, Non-destructive test

31、ing Qualification and certification of personnel ISO 7963, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 2 ISO 16811, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting ISO 16823, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Transmission techn

32、ique ISO 2400, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 1 EN 12668-1, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 1: Instruments EN 12668-2, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of u

33、ltrasonic examination equipment Part 2: Probes DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07EN ISO 16810:2014 (E)5EN 12668-3, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 3: Combined equipment 3 Qualification and certification of personnel The examination shall be pe

34、rformed by personnel qualified in accordance with ISO 9712. The requirements for qualification and certification shall be specified in the product standards and/or other applicable documents. 4 Information required prior to examination Prior to examination the following information shall be availabl

35、e, as applicable: purpose of examination; qualification and certification of personnel; environmental conditions and state of examination object; requirement for a written examination procedure; any special requirements for preparation of scanning surface; examination volume; examination sensitivity

36、 and method of setting-up sensitivity; requirements for evaluation and recording level; acceptance criteria; extent of examination including scanning plan; requirements for a written examination report. 6DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07 EN ISO 16810:2014 (E) 5 Principles of ultrasonic examination 5.1 Genera

37、l An ultrasonic examination is based on propagation of ultrasonic waves through the object to be examined, and monitoring either the transmitted signal (termed the transmission technique), or the signal reflected or diffracted from any surface or discontinuity (termed the pulse echo technique). Both

38、 techniques can employ a single probe acting as both transmitter and receiver, or double (twin) transducer probe, or separate transmitting and receiving probes. Similarly, both techniques can involve intermediate reflection from one or more surfaces of the object under examination. The examination c

39、an be performed manually or by the use of semi-automatic or fully automatic equipment, and can use contact, gap or immersion scanning, or other coupling methods adapted to specific problems. 5.2 Vibration mode and direction of sound propagation The most commonly used types of waves are longitudinal

40、and transverse, and these can be propagated either perpendicular, or at an angle, to the test surface. Other types of modes, e.g. Lamb waves or Rayleigh waves can also be used for special applications. The choice of wave mode and direction of propagation will depend on the purpose of the examination

41、, and should take into account the specular nature of reflection from planar reflectors. Except when using Lamb waves, the direction of sound propagation, for single probe pulse echo scanning, should be as nearly perpendicular to the plane of the reflector as possible. 5.3 Transmission technique Thi

42、s technique is based on measuring the signal attenuation after the passage of an ultrasonic wave through the examination object. The signal used for measurement can be either: a) a backwall echo, or; b) any other signal transmitted either directly, or after intermediate reflection from the surfaces

43、of the object. Further details of this technique are contained in ISO 16823. 5.4 Pulse echo technique This technique utilizes the reflected or diffracted signal from any interface of interest within the object under examination. This signal is characterized by its amplitude and position along the ti

44、mebase; the latter related to the distance between the reflector and the probe. The location of the reflector is determined from the knowledge of its distance, the direction of sound propagation, and the position of the probe. It is recommended that the signal amplitude be measured by comparison wit

45、h either: a) a distance amplitude correction (DAC) curve, or a series of DAC curves, obtained by using artificial reflectors (sidedrilled holes, flat-bottomed holes or notches etc.) within one or more reference blocks; b) an equivalent reflector diagram (DGS system); c) echoes from suitable notches;

46、 or d) echoes from large planar reflectors perpendicular to the acoustic axis (e.g. back wall echo). DIN EN ISO 16810:2014-07EN ISO 16810:2014 (E)7These techniques are described in ISO 16811. In order to obtain further information about the shape and size of reflectors, other techniques may be used.

47、 Such techniques are based, for example on variations in signal amplitude with movement of the probe, measurement of sound path or frequency analysis. 6 Equipment 6.1 Ultrasonic instrument The ultrasonic instrument shall fulfil the requirements of EN 12668-1. 6.2 Ultrasonic probes The probe(s) shall

48、 fulfil the requirements of EN 12668-2. 6.2.1 Probe selection The choice of the probe depends on the purpose of the examination and the requirements of the referencing standard or specification. It depends on: the material thickness, shape and surface condition; the type and metallurgical condition

49、of the examined material; the type, position and orientation of imperfections to be identified. The probe parameters listed in clauses 6.2.2, 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 shall be considered in relation to the characteristics of the examination object stated above. 6.2.2 Frequency and dimensions of transducer The frequency and dimensions of a transducer determine the shape o