DIN EN 16715-2015 Liquid petroleum products - Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN) of middle distillate fuels - Ignition delay and combustion delay deterb.pdf

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1、October 2015 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 75.160.20!%FmR“2357447www.din.deDIN EN 16715Liquid petroleum products Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN) of middle distillate fuels Ignition delay and combustion delay determination using a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection;English version E

3、N 16715:2015,English translation of DIN EN 16715:2015-10Flssige Minerallerzeugnisse Bestimmung des Zndverzugs und der abgeleiteten Cetanzahl (ACZ) von Kraftstoffen aus Mitteldestillaten Bestimmung des Zndverzugs und des Verbrennungsverzugs in einer Verbrennungskammer mit konstantem Volumen und direk

4、ter Kraftstoffeinspritzung;Englische Fassung EN 16715:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16715:2015-10Produits ptroliers liquides Dtermination du dlai dinflammation et de lindice de ctane driv (ICD) des distillats moyens Dtermination du dlai dinflammation et de combustion en utilisant une chambre

5、volume constant avec injection direct de gazole;Version anglaise EN 16715:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16715:2015-10www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.DDocument comprises 25 pages 09.15eDIN EN 16715:2015-10 2 A comma is used as the deci

6、mal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16715:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its prepar

7、ation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-06-43 AA Motorische Prfung von flssigen Kraftstoffen of the Fachausschuss Minerall- und Brennstoffnormung (FAM). EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16715 August 20

8、15 ICS 75.160.20 English Version Liquid petroleum products - Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN) of middle distillate fuels - Ignition delay and combustion delay determination using a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection Produits ptroliers liquide

9、s - Dtermination du dlai dinflammation et de lindice de ctane driv (ICD) des distillats moyens - Dtermination du dlai dinflammation et de combustion en utilisant une chambre volume constant avec injection directe de gazole Flssige Minerallerzeugnisse - Bestimmung des Zndverzugs und der abgeleiteten

10、Cetanzahl (ACZ) von Kraftstoffen aus Mitteldestillaten - Bestimmung des Zndverzugs und des Verbrennungsverzugs in einer Verbrennungskammer mit konstantem Volumen und direkter Kraftstoffeinspritzung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 June 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the C

11、EN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management C

12、entre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as

13、the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Neth

14、erlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All ri

15、ghts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16715:2015 EEN 16715:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Principle 7 5 Reagents and materials 7 6 Appar

16、atus .8 7 Sampling .8 8 Apparatus assembly and installation . 10 9 Preparation of apparatus . 10 9.1 System start-up and warm-up . 10 9.2 Standard operating and test conditions . 10 10 Calibration, verification and quality control 11 10.1 General . 11 10.2 Calibration . 11 10.3 Apparatus verificatio

17、n 12 10.4 Quality control (QC) 12 11 Test procedure 13 12 Calculation . 13 13 Expression of results . 13 14 Precision 14 14.1 General . 14 14.2 Repeatability 14 14.3 Reproducibility 14 15 Test report . 15 Annex A (normative) Combustion analyser description . 16 A.1 General . 16 A.2 Apparatus descrip

18、tion and assembly . 16 A.3 Control and data acquisition . 18 Annex B (normative) Operational details in support to the standard test procedure 19 B.1 General . 19 B.2 Cleaning procedure to prepare fuel system for calibration . 19 B.3 Automatic calibration procedure 19 B.4 Test sequence . 20 B.5 Unit

19、 shutdown . 22 Bibliography . 23 DIN EN 16715:2015-10 EN 16715:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16715:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of w

20、hich is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2016 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2016. Attention is drawn to the p

21、ossibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie

22、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland

23、, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16715:2015-10 EN 16715:2015 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is derived from joint standardization work within the Energy Institute and ASTM International. It is based on and technical

24、ly equivalent with ASTM D7668 1. The described method is an alternative quantitative determination of the cetane number of middle distillate fuels intended for use in compression ignition engines. A correlation study between this method and EN ISO 5165:1998 2 has been done and the results of this ar

25、e incorporated in this European Standard. Research Report RR: D02-1771 3. The basis of this method is the derived cetane number (DCN) correlation equation as given in Clause 12. The on-going validation of the equation is monitored and evaluated through the existing American and European fuel exchang

26、e programs. The validation data will be reviewed by CEN/TC 19 with a frequency of at least every two years. As a result of the review, CEN/TC 19 may make the decision to, if necessary, modify the existing equation/correlation or develop a new one. As part of this review, the sample types will be exa

27、mined, and if certain types are underrepresented, further steps may be taken to evaluate how they perform. The ignition delay (ID) and combustion delay (CD) values and the DCN value determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil used in compre

28、ssion ignition engines. This test is for use by engine manufacturers, petroleum refiners and marketers, and in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines. This test is also applicable to non-conventional diesel fuels. For the moment the basics of one type of apparatus are d

29、escribed. Once more correlation data on different types of derived cetane number testing equipment is available, CEN/TC 19 will consider revising this European Standard. DIN EN 16715:2015-10 EN 16715:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a test method for the quantitative determination

30、 of ignition and combustion delays of middle distillate fuels intended for use in compression ignition engines. The method utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed synthetic air. A dynamic pressure wave is produced from the combustion of the pr

31、oduct under test. An equation is given to calculate the derived cetane number (DCN) from the ignition and combustion delays determined from the dynamic pressure curve. This European Standard is applicable to middle distillate fuels, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and blends of diesel fuels and FAME

32、. The method is also applicable to middle distillate fuels of non-petroleum origin, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils. However, users applying this standard especially to u

33、nconventional distillate fuels are warned that the relationship between derived cetane number and combustion behaviour in real engines is not yet fully understood. This European Standard covers the ignition delay range from 2,47 ms to 4,09 ms and combustion delay from 3,71 ms to 6,74 ms (67 DCN to 3

34、9 DCN). NOTE 1 The combustion analyser can measure shorter or longer ignition and combustion delays, but precision is not known. NOTE 2 There is no information about how DCNs outside the 67 to 39 range compare to EN ISO 5165. NOTE 3 For the purpose of this European Standard, the expression “% (V/V)”

35、 is used to represent the volume fraction (), and “% (m/m)” the mass fraction (). WARNING The use of this standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of user

36、s of this standard to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thi

37、s document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170) EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liq

38、uids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171) EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696) ISO 1998-2, Petroleum industry - Terminology - Part 2: Properties and tests IP 537, Determination of the purity of Derived Cetane Number reference materials - Ga

39、s chromatography method DINEN 16715:2015-10EN 16715:2015 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998-2 and the following apply. 3.1 cetane number CN measure of the ignition performance of a diesel fuel in a standardized engine test on

40、a scale defined by reference fuels Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as the percentage by volume of hexadecane (cetane) in a reference blend having the same ignition delay as the fuel for analysis. The higher the cetane number, the shorter the ignition delay. 3.2 ignition delay ID period of time, in

41、milliseconds (ms), between the start of fuel injection and the start of combustion Note 1 to entry: In the context of this test method, the start of fuel injection is interpreted as the rise in the electronic signal that opens the injector and the combustion start is interpreted as the first increas

42、e of the chamber pressure during the combustion cycle, as measured by a pressure sensor in the combustion chamber. 3.3 combustion delay CD period of time, in milliseconds (ms), between the start of fuel injection and mid-point of the combustion pressure curve Note 1 to entry: In the context of this

43、test method, the start of fuel injection is interpreted as the rise in the electronic signal that opens the injector and the combustion pressure curve mid-point is interpreted as the part of the pressure curve midway between the initial chamber pressure and the maximum pressure generated during the

44、combustion cycle, as measured by a pressure sensor in the combustion chamber. The combustion delay CD measures the time between the injection of the sample and phase of combustion controlled by the diffusive mixing of the air and fuel. 3.4 derived cetane number DCN number calculated by using an equa

45、tion that correlates a combustion analysers ignition and combustion delays to the cetane number 3.5 accepted reference value ARV value agreed upon as a reference for comparison Note 1 to entry: The value is derived as (1) a theoretical or established value, based in scientific principles, (2) an ass

46、igned value, based on experimental work of some national or international organization, or (3) a consensus value, based on collaborative experimental work under the auspices of a scientific or engineering group. 3.6 quality control sample QC sample stable and homogenous material(s) similar in nature

47、 to the materials under test, properly stored to ensure integrity, and available in sufficient quantity for repeated long-term testing 3.7 calibration reference fluid stable and homogenous fluid used to calibrate the performance of the combustion analyser DIN EN 16715:2015-10 EN 16715:2015 (E) 7 3.8

48、 verification reference fluid stable and homogenous fluid used to verify the performance of the combustion analyser 4 Principle A test portion of the material under test is injected into a temperature and pressure controlled, constant volume combustion chamber, which has previously been charged with

49、 synthetic air of a specified quality. Each injection produces a compression ignition combustion cycle detected using a pressure sensor. The ignition delay and combustion delay are measured from the rise of the electronic signal that activates the injector solenoid to two specific points along the combustion pressure wave produced by the combustion cycle. A complete sequence comprises 5 preliminary injection cycles and 15 subsequent injection cycles used for the sample analysis. The ID and CD measurements for the last 15 inje