DIN EN 458-2016 Hearing protectors - Recommendations for selection use care and maintenance - Guidance document German version EN 458 2016《听觉保护器 挑选、使用、保养和维修的建议 指导性文件 德文版本EN 458-201.pdf

《DIN EN 458-2016 Hearing protectors - Recommendations for selection use care and maintenance - Guidance document German version EN 458 2016《听觉保护器 挑选、使用、保养和维修的建议 指导性文件 德文版本EN 458-201.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DIN EN 458-2016 Hearing protectors - Recommendations for selection use care and maintenance - Guidance document German version EN 458 2016《听觉保护器 挑选、使用、保养和维修的建议 指导性文件 德文版本EN 458-201.pdf（51页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、July 2016 English price group 21No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.340.20!%XL,“2534109www.din.deDIN

2、 EN 458Hearing protectors Recommendations for selection, use, care and maintenance Guidance document;English version EN 458:2016,English translation of DIN EN 458:2016-07Gehrschtzer Empfehlungen fr Auswahl, Einsatz, Pflege und Instandhaltung Leitfaden;Englische Fassung EN 458:2016,Englische bersetzu

3、ng von DIN EN 458:2016-07Protecteurs individuels contre le bruit Recommandations relatives la slection, lutilisation, aux prcautions demploi et lentretien Document guide;Version anglaise EN 458:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 458:2016-07SupersedesDIN EN 458:2005-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 5

4、1 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.06.16DIN EN 458:2016-07 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 458:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 159 “Hearing prote

5、ctors” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Persnliche Schutzausrstung (DIN Standards Committee Personal Protective Equipment), Working Committee NA 075-02-01 AA Gehrschutz. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 458:2005-

6、02 as follows: a) information on the improvement of the field performance of hearing protectors has been included; b) information on the competent use of earplugs has been included; c) fit check methods for earplugs have been included; d) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions

7、DIN EN 458: 1994-03, 2005-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 458 March 2016 ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 458:2004English Version Hearing protectors - Recommendations for selection, use, care and maintenance - Guidance document Protecteurs individuels contre le bruit - Recommandat

8、ions relatives la slection, lutilisation, aux prcautions demploi et lentretien - Document guide Gehrschtzer - Empfehlungen fr Auswahl, Einsatz, Pflege und Instandhaltung - Leitfaden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 August 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Inte

9、rnal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any

10、 CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official ve

11、rsions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway

12、, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploit

13、ation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 458:2016 EEN 458:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9 5 Types of hearing protectors 9 5.

14、1 Design forms . 9 5.1.1 Earmuffs . 9 5.1.2 Helmet mounted earmuffs 10 5.1.3 Earplugs . 10 5.2 Function mode . 10 5.2.1 Basic function mode 10 5.2.2 Level-dependent hearing protectors 11 5.2.3 Active noise reduction (ANR) protectors 11 5.2.4 Hearing protectors with external audio input 11 6 Selectio

15、n 12 6.1 Principles 12 6.2 Selection according to sound attenuation . 12 6.2.1 Guide to protection rating . 12 6.2.2 Sound attenuation in practice (Real-world attenuation) 13 6.2.3 Acoustical selection methods 13 6.2.4 Selection of combination of earmuffs and earplugs 15 6.3 Selection according to w

16、ork environment 15 6.3.1 Factors of work environment overview . 15 6.3.2 Acoustical factors . 15 6.3.3 Environmental factors (non-acoustic) . 17 6.4 Communication . 19 6.4.1 Essential work related speech communication, especially speech intelligibility 19 6.4.2 Effects of over-protection 19 6.5 Comp

17、atibility with other PPE 19 6.6 Selection according to hearing protector types 19 6.6.1 Earmuffs General. 19 6.6.2 Helmet-mounted earmuffs . 19 6.6.3 Earplugs General . 19 6.6.4 Hearing protectors with additional function modes . 20 6.7 Medical disorders. 20 6.8 Ergonomics and fitting . 20 6.9 Confo

18、rmity with relevant requirements for incorporated electronics 21 6.9.1 Intrinsic safety 21 6.9.2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 21 7 Use . 21 7.1 General . 21 7.2 Availability of hearing protectors 21 7.3 Correct fitting 21 7.3.1 General . 21 DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 3 7.3.2 Earmuff

19、s . 21 7.3.3 Earplugs . 22 7.3.4 Fit check for hearing protectors 22 7.4 Simultaneous use of hearing protector with other PPE . 22 7.4.1 General . 22 7.4.2 Protective clothing . 22 7.4.3 Spectacles 22 7.4.4 Goggles 22 7.4.5 Face shields . 22 7.4.6 Hoods 23 7.4.7 Safety helmets 23 7.4.8 Respiratory p

20、rotection devices . 23 7.5 Speech intelligibility and signal audibility 23 7.6 Instruction and training . 23 7.6.1 General . 23 7.6.2 Information . 23 7.6.3 Special instructions for use including training 24 7.7 Period of use . 24 7.8 Leisure activities . 25 8 Care and maintenance 25 8.1 General . 2

21、5 8.2 Hygiene and cleaning 25 8.3 Inspection and replacement . 25 8.4 Storage 25 8.5 Disposal 25 Annex A (normative) Methods for assessing the sound attenuation of a passive hearing protector 26 A.1 General . 26 A.2 Octave band method 29 A.3 HML method . 30 A.4 HML check method . 32 A.5 SNR method .

22、 33 Annex B (informative) Method for assessing the sound attenuation of a hearing protector for impulsive noise . 34 B.1 General . 34 B.2 Method 34 Annex C (informative) Selection method for sound-restoration level-dependent hearing protectors using HML-data 36 C.1 General . 36 C.2 Method 1: HML Met

23、hod . 36 C.3 Method 2A: HML check method - Measurement check . 37 C.4 Method 2B: HML check method - Listening method. 37 Annex D (informative) Selection method for active noise reduction hearing protectors . 38 Annex E (informative) Calculation method for hearing protectors with audio input 39 E.1 G

24、eneral . 39 DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 4 E.2 Method . 39 Annex F (informative) Improving field performance and special instructions for use . 41 F.1 Improving field performance 41 F.2 Special instructions for optimum use . 42 Annex G (informative) Further guidance on fit check methods for ea

25、rplugs 45 G.1 General information 45 G.2 Fit check methods suitable for all types of earplugs . 45 G.3 Fit check method exclusive to custom moulded earplugs . 46 Annex H (informative) Noise Types 47 DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 458:2016) has been prepared

26、by Technical Committee CEN/TC 159 “Hearing protectors”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2016, and conflicting national standards

27、shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 458:20

28、04. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austr

29、ia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

30、, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 6 Introduction This European Standard is intended to guide employers, supervisors and safety advisors. Additionally, the standard gives information to all who need to use hearing protectors. Hearing protectors are items

31、 of personal protective equipment (PPE) intended to reduce the harmful effects that sound and noise may have on the hearing. Guidance is provided on how to best select, use and take care of such devices. Tools to estimate the noise exposure level, when a certain hearing protector is used, are also p

32、rovided. National bodies may develop national application documents based on this standard. Hearing protectors are generally available in two main forms: earmuffs and earplugs. Both forms are available with additional features and functions. All have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of at

33、tenuation, comfort, ease of use, communication facilities and cost. In hearing conservation programmes noise hazard areas are identified and the personal noise exposure is assessed. Before a suitable hearing protector is considered, priority should be given to reducing noise at source and/or reducin

34、g the exposure time. If the use of a hearing protector is found necessary or advisable, choosing optimum devices is a complex task. The most important concern is for the protector to provide sufficient attenuation. It is often desirable to retain the ability to hear speech and warning signals. To ac

35、hieve this, the hearing protector should not overprotect. In particular, this needs attention at moderate noise levels. Hearing protectors are supplied with attenuation data in various formats. The attenuation is expressed in decibels and has been derived from laboratory tests. It is important to no

36、te that these data have been achieved under controlled laboratory conditions using trained test subjects. Under real working conditions, the attenuation achieved by the user may be lower than that generated by the laboratory testing. The performance of hearing protectors is subject to natural variab

37、ility amongst users. Correct fitting, training, regular inspection and user motivation are important to obtain the desired protection. Due to the natural variability, it is not possible to calculate the exact attenuation that a certain hearing protector will give for an individual. If a more accurat

38、e prediction is required, some form of individual attenuation check can be made. At high noise level exposures it is advisable to seek expert advice. In some cases dual protection i.e. the use of an earmuff and an earplug combination, may be required. For hearing protectors to be effective they shou

39、ld be used at all times when the user is in a potentially hazardous noise environment. When selecting hearing protectors, attention should be given to factors influencing comfort and user preference. DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard gives recommendations for the se

40、lection, use, care and maintenance of hearing protectors. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the late

41、st edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 352-1, Hearing protectors General requirements Part 1: Ear-Muffs EN 352-2, Hearing protectors General requirements Part 2: Ear-plugs EN 352-3, Hearing protectors General requirements Part 3: Ear-muffs attached to an industr

42、ial safety helmet EN 352-4, Hearing protectors Safety requirements and testing Part 4: Level-dependent ear-muffs EN 352-5, Hearing protectors Safety requirements and testing Part 5: Active noise reduction ear-muffs EN 352-6, Hearing protectors Safety requirements and testing Part 6: Ear-muffs with e

43、lectrical audio input EN 352-7, Hearing protectors Safety requirements and testing Part 7: Level-dependent ear-plugs EN 352-8, Hearing protectors Safety requirements and testing Part 8: Entertainment audio ear-muffs EN 24869-1, Acoustics Hearing protectors Subjective method for the measurement of so

44、und attenuation (ISO 4869-1) EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1) EN ISO 4869-2, Acoustics Hearing protectors Part 2: Estimation of effective A-weighted sound pressure levels when hearing protectors are worn (ISO 4869-2) EN ISO 7731, Ergonomics Danger

45、signals for public and work areas Auditory danger signals (ISO 7731) EN ISO 9612, Acoustics Determination of occupational noise exposure Engineering method (ISO 9612) EN ISO 9921, Ergonomics Assessment of speech communication (ISO 9921) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the

46、following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 daily noise exposure level (LEX,8h) A-weighted noise exposure level normalized to a nominal 8 h working day DIN EN 458:2016-07 EN 458:2016 (E) 8 3.2 peak sound pressure level (Lp,Cpeak) C-weighted instantaneous peak sound pressure level according to EN ISO

47、9612 3.3 national regulation level (LNR) daily noise exposure level (LEX,8h) effective to the ear according to national regulations Note 1 to entry: National laws or regulations will stipulate at which levels of exposure hearing protectors shall be provided or used. 3.4 national peak regulation leve

48、l (LNR,peak) peak pressure level Lp,Cpeakeffective to the ear according to national regulations Note 1 to entry: National laws or regulations will stipulate at which levels of exposure hearing protectors shall be provided or used. 3.5 effective attenuation measure of protection afforded by the heari

49、ng protector for the user 3.6 over-protection selection and use of a hearing protector with too high attenuation which may lead to a sense of isolation and difficulties with perception of sounds 3.7 A-weighted sound pressure level (Lp,A) sound pressure level with frequency weighting A according to EN 61672-1 3.8 A-weighted sound pressure level effective to the ear (Lp,A) A-weighted diffuse field equivalent sound pressure level under the hearing protector for the external sound pres