DIN EN 1839-2017 Determination of the explosion limits and the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) for flammable gases and vapours German version EN 1839 2017《爆炸极限、燃烧气体和蒸汽极限氧含量(LOC.pdf

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1、April 2017 English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.230!%c6“2649919www.din.deDIN EN

2、 1839Determination of the explosion limits and the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) for flammable gases and vapours;English version EN 1839:2017,English translation of DIN EN 1839:2017-04Bestimmung der Explosionsgrenzen von Gasen und Dmpfen und Bestimmung der Sauerstoffgrenzkonzentration (SGK) fr

3、 brennbare Gase und Dmpfe;Englische Fassung EN 1839:2017,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 1839:2017-04Dtermination des limites dexplosivit des gaz et vapeurs et dtermination de la concentration limite en oxygne (CLO) des gaz et des vapeurs inflammables;Version anglaise EN 1839:2017,Traduction anglais

4、e de DIN EN 1839:2017-04SupersedesDIN EN 1839:201212 andDIN EN 14756:200702See start of applicationwww.beuth.deDocument comprises 48 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.03.17 DIN EN 1839:2017-04 2 A comma is used as

5、 the decimal marker. Start of application The start of application of this standard is 2017-04-01. For DIN EN 1839:2012-12 and DIN EN 14756:2007-02 there is a transition period until 2018-01-11. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This document (EN 1839:2017) has been prepa

6、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres Explosion prevention and protection” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsable German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Sicherheitstechnische Grundstze (DIN Standards Committee Safety Design Principles

7、), Working Committee NA 095-02-09 AA “Test methods for determining the flammability characteristics of substances”. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 10156:2010 DIN EN ISO 10156:2011-01 Amendments This standard differs from D

8、IN EN 1839:2012-12 and DIN EN 14756:2007-02 as follows: a) requirements from DIN EN 14756:2007-02 have been included, i.e. a method for determining oxygen concentration for flammable gases and vapours has been added; b) the standard has been technically and editorially revised and brought in line wi

9、th current rules of presentation. Previous editions DIN 51649-1: 1986-12 DIN EN 1839: 2004-01, 2012-12 DIN EN 14756: 2007-02 DIN EN 1839:2017-04 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 10156:2011-01, Gases and gas mixtures Determination of fire potential and oxidizing ability for t

10、he selection of cylinder valve outlets (ISO 10156:2010 + Cor 1:2010) DIN EN 1839:2017-04 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1839 January 2017 ICS 13.230 Supersedes EN 14756:2006, EN 1839:2012English Version Determination of the explosion limits an

11、d the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) for flammable gases and vapours Dtermination des limites dexplosivit des gaz et vapeurs et dtermination de la concentration limite en oxygne (CLO) des gaz et des vapeurs inflammables Bestimmung der Explosionsgrenzen und der Sauerstoffgrenzkonzentration (SGK)

12、 fr brennbare Gase und Dmpfe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 November 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date

13、lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation un

14、der the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former

15、 Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

16、COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1839:2017 EEN 1839:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page Europea

17、n foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Test methods 9 4.1 General 9 4.2 Method T (“tube” method) 10 4.2.1 Detailed method . 10 4.2.2 Reagents and materials 10 4.2.3 Apparatus 11 Table 1 Maximum permissible uncertainty of measurement for the amo

18、unt of test substance in the test mixture . 12 Figure 1 Scheme of the tube apparatus for determining the explosion limits respc. Limiting oxygen concentration . 12 4.2.4 Preparation of the test mixture 13 4.2.5 Procedure 13 4.3 Method B (“bomb” method) 14 4.3.1 Principle 14 4.3.2 Reagents and materi

19、als 14 4.3.3 Apparatus 14 4.3.4 Preparation of the test mixture 16 4.3.5 Procedure 17 4.3.6 Determination of explosion limits . 17 4.3.7 Determination of the limiting oxygen concentration . 18 4.4 Determination of the limiting oxygen concentration . 18 4.4.1 Metering devices and additional equipment

20、 . 18 4.4.2 Procedure 19 Figure 2 Short procedure scheme for the determination of the LAC . 20 Figure 3 Extended procedure scheme for the determination of the LAC 21 4.5 Recording of results 22 4.5.1 General . 22 4.5.2 Determination of explosion limits . 22 4.5.3 Determination of the limiting oxygen

21、 concentration . 23 5 Verification . 23 6 Test report 23 Annex A (normative) Method for determination of the explosion limits and limiting oxygen concentration of substances that are difficult to ignite . 25 A.1 Background 25 A.2 Explanation 25 A.2.1 Explosion criterion flame detachment 25 DIN EN 18

22、39:2017-04 EN 1839:2017 (E) 3 A.2.2 Degree of halogenation . 25 A.3 Apparatus 25 A.3.1 Test vessel . 25 A.3.2 Reagents and materials 26 A.3.3 Ignition source . 26 A.3.4 Equipment for preparing the test mixture 26 A.4 Safety equipment 26 A.5 Preparation of the test mixture . 26 A.6 Procedure 27 A.6.1

23、 Determination of LEL and UEL . 27 A.6.2 Determination of LOC 27 Annex B (informative) Conversion of the values for the explosion limits 28 B.1 Abbreviations and symbols . 28 B.2 Substance characteristics of air . 28 B.3 Definitions . 29 B.4 Mixture preparation 29 B.5 Conversion 30 Table B.1 Formula

24、s for the conversion 31 Annex C (informative) Examples to describe flame detachment . 32 Annex D (informative) Example of recommended evaporator equipment 33 Figure D.1 Evaporator equipment for producing test mixtures from liquid flammable substances . 33 Annex E (normative) Safety measures . 35 E.1

25、 General . 35 E.2 General safety measures 35 E.3 Additional safety measures concerning the tube method . 35 Annex F (informative) Examples of the determination of the LOC 36 F.1 Example 1: determination of the LOC short procedure . 36 Figure F.1 Determination of the LAC of a ternary system of n-hexa

26、ne, air and nitrogen at 100 C and ambient pressure . 36 F.2 Example 2: determination of the LOC extended procedure . 36 Figure F.2 Determination of the LAC of a ternary system of hydrogen, air and nitrogen at 20 C and ambient pressure 37 Annex G (normative) Verification 38 Table G.1 Data for verific

27、ation of the apparatus with respect to the lower explosion limit 38 Table G.2 Data for verification of the apparatus with respect to the upper explosion limit 38 Annex H (informative) Example of a form expressing the results . 40 DIN EN 1839:2017-04 EN 1839:2017 (E) 4 Annex I (informative) Significa

28、nt Changes between this European Standard and EN 1839:2012 and EN 14756:2006 42 Table I.1 The significant changes with respect to EN 1839:2012 and EN 14756:2006 42 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2014/34/EU aimed to be co

29、vered . 43 Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex II of Directive 2014/34/EU . 43 Bibliography . 44 DIN EN 1839:2017-04 EN 1839:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 1839:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres

30、 - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document supersedes EN 14756:2006, and EN 1839:2012. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 201

31、7, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document

32、 has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-

33、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary

34、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1839:2017-04 EN 1839:2017 (E) 6 Introduction The hazard of an explosion can be avoided by pre

35、venting the formation of explosive mixtures of gases and/or vapours with air. To do so, the explosion limits (also known as “flammability limits”) or the limiting oxygen concentration of the flammable substance need to be known. These limits depend mainly on: the properties of the flammable substanc

36、e; temperature and pressure; size and shape of the test vessel; ignition source (type, energy); the criterion for self-propagating combustion; the inert gas (in case of the limiting oxygen concentration). To obtain reliable and comparable results it is necessary to standardize the conditions for det

37、ermining the explosion limits resp. the limiting oxygen concentration (i.e. apparatus and procedure). However, it is not possible to provide one single method that is suitable for all types of substances. For practical reasons, it is preferable to use apparatus that can also be used for the determin

38、ation of other explosion characteristics. This European Standard, therefore, details two methods, namely, the tube method (method T) and the bomb method (method B). In general, the tube method gives a wider explosion range. Differences in the explosion limits and limiting oxygen concentration determ

39、ined by the two methods can vary by up to 10 % relative. For substances which are difficult to ignite, only a modified tube method is suitable. This is described in Annex A. DIN EN 1839:2017-04 EN 1839:2017 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies two test methods (method T and method B) to de

40、termine the explosion limits of gases, vapours and their mixtures, mixed with air or an air / inert gas mixture (volume fraction of the oxygen 2 0,2 4.2.3.4 Temperature regulating system For measurements at temperatures above ambient temperature, the apparatus requires a temperature regulating syste

41、m. When this is used, it has to be ensured that the temperature difference inside the test vessel is not more than 10 K. This has to be checked when initially setting up the apparatus, whenever parts are renewed and at every verification. Key 1 test vessel 7 timer 2 electrodes 8 facility for keeping

42、 the temperature 3 three-way valve 9 flammable substance 4 mixing vessel 10 air 5 metering devices 11 inert gas 6 high-voltage transformer 12 power supply Figure 1 Scheme of the tube apparatus for determining the explosion limits respc. Limiting oxygen concentration DIN EN 1839:2017-04 EN 1839:2017

43、(E) 13 4.2.3.5 Safety equipment The safety measures specified in Annex E shall be followed. 4.2.4 Preparation of the test mixture When evaporating liquid samples, it is important to remember that the mixture composition of the gaseous phase in equilibrium with a liquid phase (”vapour”) generally dif

44、fers from the mixture composition of the liquid phase itself. Furthermore, the mixture compositions of the liquid and the vapour phases may change when removing material from the vapour phase. It is necessary to account for these possible changes in composition when determining explosion limits for

45、flammable liquids, when handling liquid samples and when preparing test mixtures by evaporating liquid mixtures. To avoid error, the method of dynamic total evaporation is used. An example of a suitable evaporator set up is described in Annex D. When liquids are metered, it has to be ensured that bu

46、bbles are not formed in any component carrying the liquid (e.g. pipes). To achieve complete homogenization, the test mixture flows through a mixing vessel, preferably made of glass. For a mixing vessel with no built-in elements, a volume of at least 600 ml is recommended. It is expedient to introduc

47、e the test mixture tangentially. The mixing vessel is not necessary if homogenization is effectively achieved by the metering device. The temperature of the mixing vessel and of all parts carrying the test mixture is kept constant to prevent the test substance from condensing. It is recommended that

48、 the components carrying the test mixture are heated along with the test vessel. 4.2.5 Procedure 4.2.5.1 General The characterization of explosion limits consists of determining the amount of test substance in the mixture with which the test mixture no longer ignites (according the explosion criteri

49、on in 3.10). Close to the explosion limits, the incremental change of test substance content is selected such that it is almost equal to the relative uncertainty of measurement given in Table 1. If the explosion limits or the limiting oxygen concentration are to be determined at elevated temperature, preheat the test vessel and all parts carrying the test mixture to the required temperature. For liquid samples, the temperature