DIN EN 1561-2012 Founding - Grey cast irons German version EN 1561 2011《铸造 灰口铸铁 德文版 EN 1561-2011》.pdf

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1、January 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 77.080.10!$y+:“1860823www.din.deDDIN EN 1561Founding Grey cast ironsEnglish translation of DIN EN 1561:2012-01Gieereiwesen Gusseisen mit LamellengraphitEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 1561:2012-01Fonderie Fontes graphite lamellaireTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 1561:2012-01SupersedesDIN EN 1561:199

3、7-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.3501.12 DIN EN 1561:2012-01 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology” (Secr

4、etariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Gieereiwesen (Foundry Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 036-00-01 AA Gusseisenwerkstoffe. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1561:1997-08 as follows: a) the Introductio

5、n now includes further information regarding the combination of relevant wall thickness and tensile strength, and the new system for designation of cast irons by numbers; b) in Table 1, the minimum values for the tensile strength have been increased; they now apply to several types of cast samples a

6、nd three ranges of relevant wall thickness, 50 mm, 50 mm to 100 mm and 100 mm to 200 mm, alongside 40 mm; c) in Table 2, the minimum Brinell hardness values are now given for three ranges of relevant wall thickness; d) in Table 3, the size and type of samples have been modified relating to the relev

7、ant wall thickness introduced; e) Annex B “Comparison of grey cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931” has been included; f) in Annex D, the anticipated values of tensile strength in casting have been increased for relevant wall thickness 50 mm; g) in Annex E, examples

8、to explain the relationship between wall thickness and mechanical properties have been included; h) Annex F “Wedge penetration test” has been included. Previous editions DIN DVMA 109: 1933-09 DIN 1691: 1928-04, 1929-08, 1933-07, 1942-08, 1949x-11, 1964-08, 1985-05 DIN 1691 Supplement: 1964-08 DIN 16

9、91 Supplement 1: 1985-05 DIN 50108: 1947-01, 1950-10, 1967-01 DIN 50109: 1947-01, 1950-10, 1962-02, 1968-03, 1989-04 DIN EN 1561: 1997-08 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1561 October 2011 ICS 77.080.10 Supersedes EN 1561:1997English Version Founding - Grey cast irons Fonderie -

10、Fontes graphite lamellaire Gieereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Lamellengraphit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 September 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national

11、 standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version

12、 in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czec

13、h Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EURO

14、PEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1561:2011: EContents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative r

15、eferences 53 Terms and definitions .54 Designation 65 Order information 66 Manufacture 77 Requirements .77.1 Characterizing properties .77.2 Tensile properties 77.3 Hardness properties 87.4 Graphite structure98 Sampling .98.1 General 98.2 Samples for tensile test . 108.3 Samples for hardness test .

16、159 Test methods . 159.1 Tensile test 159.2 Brinell hardness test 169.3 Graphite structure. 169.4 Alternative test procedures . 1710 Retests . 1710.1 Need for retests. 1710.2 Test validity . 1710.3 Nonconforming test results . 1710.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings 1711 Inspection documentati

17、on . 18Annex A (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 19Annex B (informative) Comparison of grey cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931 13 21Annex C (informative) Additional information on the relationship between hardness and tens

18、ile strength 22Annex D (informative) Guidance values for tensile strength for test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting . 24Annex E (informative) Additional information on the relationship between tensile strength, hardness and wall thickness of grey iron castings 25Annex F (informative)

19、Wedge penetration test 28Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes between this European standard and the previous edition 31Bibliography . 32DIN EN 1561:2012-01 EN 1561: 2011 ( E ) 2 Foreword This document (EN 1561:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technol

20、ogy”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2012. Attent

21、ion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1561:1997. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN

22、/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 5 “Grey cast iron and compacted graphite cast iron“ to revise EN 1561:1997. Annex G provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards org

23、anizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, P

24、ortugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1561:2012-01 EN 1561: 2011 ( E ) 3 Introduction This European Standard deals with the classification of grey cast irons, subdivided into two groups, specified by their tensile strength or hardness, respec

25、tively. The properties of grey cast iron depend on the form and distribution of the graphite and the structure of the matrix. In the previous edition of EN 1561, the designation by symbol was based on the minimum tensile strength to be obtained in the separately cast sample with 30 mm diameter. In T

26、able 1 of this previous edition, the corresponding mandatory minimum tensile strength values, which should be obtained for relevant wall thicknesses up to 300 mm, in a cast-on sample were given. For castings which have been designed before the date of issue of this standard, it is furthermore possib

27、le to determine the tensile strength of the specified grey cast iron grade by using separately cast samples with a diameter of 30 mm, irrespective of the relevant wall thickness. In this case, the mandatory minimum values for the tensile strength, as specified in the previous edition (EN 1561:1997)

28、of this standard, are given in Annex A, Table A.1 (bold figure in the material designation). In this edition of EN 1561, the designation by symbol is based on the minimum tensile strength to be obtained in a cast sample, which diameter corresponds to the relevant wall thickness of the casting. This

29、applies to a maximum relevant wall thickness of 50 mm. Compared with the previous edition of this standard, for relevant wall thicknesses from 50 mm to 200 mm, the relationship with the 30 mm separately cast sample has been abandoned and instead of that, cast-on samples with a size corresponding to

30、the relevant wall thickness ranges are specified. Additionally the minimum tensile properties to be obtained in these cast-on samples, are increased. In this standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 1, is given. NOTE This designation system by number is based on the str

31、ucture and rules of EN 10027-2 2 and so corresponds with the European numbering system for steel and other materials. The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from: separately cast samples; side by side cast samples; cast-on samples; samples cut fro

32、m a casting. Hardness of the material can also be evaluated on the casting. However, for many applications tensile strength or hardness are not the only interesting or determining properties. Other mechanical or physical properties can be decisive for the use of grey cast irons, for example: thermal

33、 capacity, thermal diffusivity, damping capacity or thermo-cycle fatigue. Therefore, Annex A (informative) provides additional information of interest to casting designers. DIN EN 1561:2012-01 EN 1561: 2011 ( E ) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the properties of unalloyed and low-alloyed

34、grey cast irons used for castings, which have been manufactured in sand moulds or in moulds with comparable thermal behaviour. This European Standard specifies the characterizing properties of grey cast irons by either a) the tensile strength of cast samples, or b) the hardness measured on the casti

35、ngs or on a cast-on knob. If agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser, the combination of both tensile strength from option a) and hardness from option b) may be specified. This European Standard specifies six grades of grey cast iron by a classification based on tensile strength measured on mac

36、hined test pieces prepared from cast samples (see Table 1) and six grades of grey cast iron by a classification based on Brinell hardness (see Table 2). This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings; see EN 1559-1 3 and EN 1559-3 4. This European Standard does

37、 not apply to grey cast irons used for pipes and fittings according to EN 877 5. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r

38、eferenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1:2008) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method

39、(ISO 6506-1:2005) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1:2009) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 grey cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon based, carbo

40、n being present mainly in the form of flake (lamellar) graphite particles NOTE 1 Grey cast iron is also known as flake graphite cast iron, and less commonly as lamellar graphite cast iron. NOTE 2 Graphite form, distribution and size are specified in EN ISO 945-1. 3.2 cast sample quantity of material

41、 cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast sample and cast-on sample DIN EN 1561:2012-01 EN 1561: 2011 ( E ) 5 3.3 separately cast sample sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade 3.4 side-by-s

42、ide cast sample sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 3.5 cast-on sample sample attached directly to the casting 3.6 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the

43、mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in either Table 1 or Table 2. In the case of samples cut from the casting the letter C is added at the end of the designation by symbol. NOTE Comparison of EN 1561 grade designations to

44、the grades from the ISO standard for grey cast irons (ISO 185:2005) 6 is given in Annex B. 5 Order information The order shall specify, in an unambiguous manner, whether the tensile strength measured on cast samples, or the Brinell hardness measured on the casting, is the characterizing property. If

45、 it does not do so, then the manufacturer shall characterize the material according to tensile strength. The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this European Standard; b) the designation of the material; c) the relevant wall thickness; NOTE 1 For castings whic

46、h have been designed before the date of issue of this standard, the information regarding the relevant wall thickness can be omitted. d) any special requirements. All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order e.g. technical deliver

47、y conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3. NOTE 2 When specifying a combination of tensile strength and hardness, it is recommended to consult the information in Annex E. In case of castings which have been designed before the date of issue of this standard, for the verification of the minim

48、um tensile strength of the specified grey cast iron grade, separately cast samples with a diameter of 30 mm are used. The order shall specify the number and year of the previous edition (EN 1561:1997) of this European Standard. DIN EN 1561:2012-01 EN 1561: 2011 ( E ) 6 6 Manufacture Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the method of manufacture of grey cast irons to obtain the speci