DIN EN 1007-6-2008 Advanced technical ceramic - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 6 Determination of tensile properties of filaments at high temperatur.pdf

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1、February 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 14No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 81.060.30!$L=E“141263

2、4www.din.deDDIN EN 1007-6Advanced technical ceramic temperatureEnglish version of DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02Hochleistungskeramik Teil 6: Bestimmung der Zugeigenschaften von Fasern bei hoher TemperaturEnglische Fassung DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02SupersedesDIN V ENV 1007-6:2002-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises 3

3、1 pagesCeramic composites Methods of test for reinforcements Keramische Verbundwerkstoffe Verfahren zur Prfung der Faserverstrkungen Part 6: Determination of tensile properties of filaments at highDIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 1

4、84 “Advanced technical ceramics” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). At present a DIN committee does not exist for this standard since the parties concerned have not shown any interest in work on the subject. The Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee) is obliged to pu

5、blish the standard, however, as the subject falls in its domain. EN 1007 consists of the following parts, under the general title Advanced technical ceramics Ceramic composites Methods of test for reinforcements: Part 1: Determination of size content Part 2: Determination of linear density Part 3: D

6、etermination of filament diameter and cross-section area Part 4: Determination of tensile properties of filaments at ambient temperature Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature Part 6: D

7、etermination of tensile properties of filaments at high temperature Amendments This standard differs from DIN V ENV 1007-6:2002-12 as follows: a) The prestandard status has been changed to that of a full standard. b) The content of subclause 5.1 “Test machine” has been revised. The standard has been

8、 editorially revised. Previous editions DIN V ENV 1007-6: 2002-12 c) 2 EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1007-6November 2007ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes ENV 1007-6:2002 English VersionAdvanced technical ceramic - Ceramic composites - Methods oftest for reinforcements - Part 6: Determinat

9、ion of tensileproperties of filaments at high temperatureCramiques techniques avances - CramiquesDtermination des proprits en traction du filament haute tempratureHochleistungskeramik - Keramische Verbundwerkstoffe -Verfahren zur Prfung der Faserverstrkungen - Teil 6:Bestimmung der Zugeigenschaften

10、von Fasern bei hoherTemperaturThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 October 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date l

11、ists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the resp

12、onsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icel

13、and, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stas

14、sart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1007-6:2007: Ecomposites - Mthodes dessai pour renforts - Partie 6:EN 1007-6:2007 (E) Contents Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and def

15、initions .4 4 Principle6 5 Apparatus .7 5.1 Test machine7 5.2 Load train7 5.3 Adhesive .7 5.4 Test chamber7 5.5 Set-up for heating 7 5.6 Temperature measurement.7 5.7 Data recording system 7 6 Hot end method8 6.1 General8 6.2 Test specimens8 6.3 Test specimen preparation.8 6.4 Number of test specime

16、ns9 6.5 Test procedure.9 6.6 Calculation of results 11 7 Cold end method14 7.1 General14 7.2 Method A.14 7.3 Method B.18 Annex A (informative) Principle of method A.24 Annex B (informative) Principle of method B.27 Bibliography 29 DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 2 PageEN 1007-6:2007 (E) Foreword This document

17、 (EN 1007-6:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 20

18、08, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. T

19、his document supersedes ENV 1007-6:2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, G

20、reece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 3EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the conditions for

21、measurement of tensile properties a of single filament of ceramic fibres at high temperatures in air or inert atmosphere (vacuum or controlled atmosphere). The method applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, staple fibre, braids and knitting, that have strain to fracture less

22、than or equal to 5 % and show linear elastic behaviour to fracture. The method does not apply to testing for homogeneity of strength properties of fibres, nor does it assess the effects of volume under stress. Statistical aspects of fibre failure are not included. Two methods are proposed depending

23、on the temperature of the filament end: Hot end method: this method allows determination of tensile strength, of Youngs modulus and of the stress strain curve. NOTE 1 Current experience with this technique is limited to 1 300 C, because of the application temperature of ceramic glue. Cold end method

24、. NOTE 2 This method is limited to 1 700 C in air and 2 000 C in inert atmosphere because of the limits of furnaces. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref

25、erences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1007-3, Advanced technical ceramics Ceramic composites Methods of test for reinforcement Part 3: Determination of filament diameter and cross-section area EN 1007-4, Advanced technical ceramics Ceramic comp

26、osites Methods of test for reinforcement Part 4: Determination of tensile properties of filaments at ambient temperature EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-mea

27、suring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) EN 60584-1, Thermocouples Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995) EN 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: Tolerances (IEC 60584-2:1982 + A1:1989) 3 Ter

28、ms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 test temperature T temperature of the filament at the centre of the gauge length DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 4 EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 3.2 Lengths 3.2.1 gauge length Loinitial distance between two reference poi

29、nts on the filament, where the temperature variation is within 20 C at test temperature 3.2.2 test specimen length Lfinitial distance between the gripped ends of the filament 3.2.3 uniformly heated length Lhlength of the heated zone at the test temperature, where the temperature variation is within

30、20 C (see Figure A.2) 3.2.4 gradient zone length Ldlength of each part of the test specimen where the temperature decreases from the temperature at the end of the uniformly heated length to room temperature (see Figure A.2) 3.2.5 room temperature zone length Lc length of each part of the test specim

31、en where the temperature is equal to room temperature 3.3 initial cross-section area Aoinitial cross-section area of the filament within the gauge length determined at room temperature 3.4 maximum tensile force Fm highest recorded tensile force on the test specimen when tested to failure 3.5 tensile

32、 stress tensile force supported by the test specimen divided by the initial cross-section area 3.6 tensile strength mratio of the maximum tensile force to the initial cross-section area 3.7 longitudinal deformation L increase of the gauge length during the tensile test 3.8 Compliance 3.8.1 total com

33、pliance Ctreciprocal of the slope in the linear part of the force/displacement curve DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 5EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 3.8.2 load train compliance Clratio of the force displacement excluding any test specimen contribution to the corresponding force during the tensile test 3.8.3 gradient zone

34、 compliance Cdratio of the test specimen elongation in the temperature gradient zone length Ldto the corresponding force during the tensile test 3.8.4 cold zone compliance Ccratio of the test specimen elongation at room temperature Lc to the corresponding force during the tensile test 3.8.5 hot zone

35、 compliance Chratio of the test specimen elongation in the uniformly heated length Lhto the corresponding force during the tensile test 3.9 strain ratio of the longitudinal deformation to the gauge length 3.10 fracture strain mstrain at failure of the test specimen 3.11 elastic modulus E slope of th

36、e linear part of the tensile stress-strain curve 4 Principle A ceramic filament is heated to the test temperature and loaded in tension. The test is performed at constant force/displacement rate up to failure. Force and cross-head displacement are measured and recorded simultaneously. When required,

37、 the elongation is derived from the cross-head displacement using a compliance correction. The test duration is limited to reduce time dependent effects. Subjecting the whole length of a fibre to temperatures well above 1 000 C makes it difficult to fix the ends of the specimen into appropriate temp

38、erature proof extensions. In high temperature cold end tests this problem is avoided by keeping the junction at the ends of the test specimen at room temperature, allowing organic resins to be used as in the room temperature tests (EN 1007-4). Two methods can thus be used: one consists of heating th

39、e filament over its total length (hot end method); one consists of heating only the central part of the filament (cold end method). DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 6 EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 5 Apparatus 5.1 Test machine The machine shall be equipped with a system for measuring the force applied to the test specimen

40、. The system shall conform to grade 1 in accordance with EN ISO 7500-1. The machine shall be equipped with a system for measuring the force displacement. The accuracy of the measurement shall be better than 1 m. 5.2 Load train The grips shall align the specimen with the direction of the force. Slipp

41、age of the filament in the grips shall be prevented. The load train performance including the alignment system and the force transmitting system shall not change because of heating. 5.3 Adhesive Use a suitable adhesive for affixing the filament to the ends of the grip, such as epoxy resin, cement or

42、 sealing wax. 5.4 Test chamber 5.4.1 General When testing under inert conditions, a gastight chamber allows proper control of the test environment during the test. The installation shall be such that the variation of the load due to the variation of pressure is less than 1 % of the scale of the load

43、 cell being used. 5.4.2 Gas atmosphere The gas atmosphere shall be chosen depending on the material to be tested and on the test temperature. The level of pressure shall be chosen depending on the material to be tested, on the test temperature and on the type of gas. 5.4.3 Vacuum chamber The level o

44、f vacuum shall not induce chemical and/or physical instabilities of the filament material. 5.5 Set-up for heating The set-up for heating shall be constructed in such a way that the variation of temperature within the gauge length is less than 20 C at test temperature. 5.6 Temperature measurement The

45、rmocouples shall comply with EN 60584-1 and EN 60584-2. Alternatively, pyrometers or thermocouples which are not covered by EN 60584-1 and EN 60584-2, but which are appropriately calibrated, can be used. 5.7 Data recording system Calibrated recorders may be used to record force-displacement curves.

46、The use of a digital data recording system combined with an analogue recorder is recommended. DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 7EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 6 Hot end method 6.1 General In high temperature the test specimen strain can be determined in simple analogy to the room temperature method assuming that the test

47、specimen sees isothermal conditions along its whole length. According to this hypothesis, the gauge length L0is equal to the test specimen length Lf. 6.2 Test specimens Specimens with a gauge length of 25 mm shall be used to establish the force-displacement curves. Specimens with a gauge length of 1

48、0 mm and 40 mm shall be used to determine the load train compliance Cl. The tolerance on the gauge length is 1 mm. 6.3 Test specimen preparation Extreme care shall be taken during test specimen preparation to ensure that the procedure is repeatable from test specimen to test specimen and to avoid ha

49、ndling damage. NOTE As an example to prevent damage during test specimen manipulation and mounting, the assembly of test specimen and alumina tubes is maintained straight by an extra alumina rod, as shown in Figure 1. key 1 alumina tubes 2 temporary screw attachment 3 test specimen 4 high temperature joints between the test specimen and the alumina tubes 5 alumina rod Figure 1 Test specimen assembly DIN EN 1007-6:2008-02 8 EN 1007-6:2007 (E) 6.4 Number of test specimens For each test condition, f