DIN EN 10001-1991 Definition and classification of pig-iron german version of EN 10001 1990《生铁定义和分类》.pdf

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1、UDC 669.1 : 001.4 DEUTSCHE NORM March i99 Definition and classification of pig iron English version of DIN EN 10 O01 DIN - EN 10001 Begriffsbestimmung und Einteilung von Roheisen European Standard EN 10001 : 1990 has the status of a DIN Standard. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National forew

2、ord This standard has been prepared by ECISSTTC 5. The responsible German body involved in the preparation of this standard was the Normenausschu Eisen und Stahl (Steel and Iron Standards Committee). The standard conforms to EURONORM 1, 1981 edition (which was hitherto used in Germany), and the rela

3、ted International Standard IS0 91 47, except that a) in table 2, the permissible total carbon content is now specified as 3,O to 43 YO (instead of 3,O to 4,O %); b) footnote 4 to table 2 was brought into line with the relevant text in IS0 9147; c) the second paragraph of clause A.4.2 has been added.

4、 Standards referred to IS0 9147 : 1987 EURONORM 1-81 Pig-irons; definition and classification Definition and classification of pig-irons International Patent Classification c 21 c 1/00 Editors note This standard reproduces the official text of the English version of EN 10 O01 as issued by CEN. In it

5、s preparation for publication as DIN EN 1 O O0 1 (English version), certain points have been noted which we consider to be in need of correction. These have been marked +). The suggested amendments are given below and will be forwarded to the responsible CEN Secretariat for its consideration. In pre

6、sentation, orthography, punctuation and hyphenation, the aim has been to implement the PNE Rules consistently. Obvious errors (e.g. redundancies and omissions) have been rectified without further reference. Suggested amendments 1 pig-irons should preferably read pig iron. 2 In clause 2, granules sho

7、uld preferably be substituted for granulates EN comprises 6 pages. Beufh Verlag GmbH, Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). 08.92 DIN EN 10 O01 Engl. Price group 7 Sales No. 11 07 EN 10 O01 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM July 1990 UDC 669.1 :

8、001.4 Descriptors: Iron and steel products, pig castings, designation, classification, chemical composition, sampling. English version Definition and classification of pig-irons+) Dfinition et ciassification des fontes brutes Begriffsbestimmung und Einteilung von Roh e is en This European Standard w

9、as approved by CEN on 1989-07-28. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographlcal references concerning such nation

10、al standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and noti

11、fied to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdo

12、m. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, 8-1050 Brussels O 1989. Copyright reserved to all CEN members. Ref. No. EN 1 O O01 : 1990 E Page 2 EN 1 O O01 Element Manganese kief history This Europ

13、ean Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee ECISS/TC 5 Definition, classification and conventional designation of pig iron and ferroalloys. The Secretariat is held by DIN. This European Standard replaces EURONORM EU 1-81 Definition and classification of pig-irons. This European Standard was

14、 adopted by CEN on 1990-07-28. According to the CENEENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Swit

15、zeiland and United Kingdom. Limit*) s30,o % Contents PPOe 1 Purpose . 3 2 Definition 3 3 Subdivision of pig-irons . 3 Annex A Sampling and preparation of samples intended for the determination of the chemical composition of pig-irons . 5 Silicon Phosphorus 1 Purpose The purpose of this European Stan

16、dard is to standardize the definition of pig-irons+) and to standardize the sub- division of pig-irons+) into different classes. 58.0 % 13,O % 2 Definition A pig-iron is an iron-carbon alloy with more than 2 % C and with contents of other elements equal to or less than the limit values given forthem

17、in table 1. It is intended for further processing in the molten condition into steel or cast iron. Pig-iron isdelivered either, in themolten state or in thesolid state, in primary forms such as pigs or similar solid pieces, and granulates+). 3 Subdivision of pig-irons +) 3.1 Pig-iron is subdivided i

18、nto the classes indicated in table 2 on the basis of its chemical composition. 3.2 In cases of doubt, the correct classification of the pig-iron into one of the classes indicated in table 2 is to be determined by check analysis. The conditions for sampling including the conditions for the number of

19、the tests shall correspond to the conditions usually applied in cases of I Chromium I slop % I s10,o % Other alloying elements in total 2) I 1) Materials with higher contents are ferroalloys. 2) In cases of doubt, ail elementsfor which a minimum content is specified or whose content exceeds the lowe

20、r limit given in table 2, footnote 8, paragraph (d), are, in accordance with table 2, footnote 8, paragraph (c) and (d), regarded as Other alloying elements with the exception of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and chromium. EN 10 O01 Page 3 6 94 Mn Table 2. CiasrHioatbn and designaiion of pi

21、g-irons according to its themioei composition) 7 8 9 % P 94s rnax. Other 2 3 4 IAbbreviation % C total I Pig-iron class Designation No. 1 .I - 1.2 2.1 2.2 - - - 2.3 -s 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 -3 - - - - 4.0 5.1 -f 5.2 Pig-P2 (33 to 4,8) I Low phosphorus m - -o O - ;i I I Pig-Pl si I Pig-P3 si I Pig-Pl2

22、si 4) Pig-Nod (33 to 4,6) Low carbon I Pig-LC I 2,0 to 3,5 r- I Pig-SPU I Dther unalloyed Dig-iron 5 % si SlPZ) 1 ,O to 4,O (1,s to 3.5) 53,02) 1 ,o to 1,4 1,4 to 2.0 s 10.1 7) I 3) 50,30) 0,05 Pig-Mn ( S020) (4,O to 6,5) rnax. 1,5 30r0 2) Spiegel iron I %her alloyed Dig-iron I Pig-SPA 1) The unbrac

23、keted values are those which determine the classification of pig-iron. Values given in brackets indicate, for information only, the ranges in which actual contents of the elements concerned normally lie. 2) By subdividing this range into various sub-ranges. the class of pig-irons) concerned is norma

24、lly further subdivided into different grades. 3) No minimum values are specified for other elements. Depending, for example, on the raw materials used. the pig-iron may unintentionally contain elements other than those indicated in columns 4 to 8 and, in percentages, for some elements, may reach a v

25、alue of about 0,5 %. The contents of these indicated elements should not be used in the classification of pig-iron. 4) For these classes of foundry pig-iron, different terms such as low, medium, intermediate and high phosphorus, normal haematite and semi-haematite, Cleveland, etc. are used in the va

26、rious parts of the world and this partly in a different sense. Consequently. it is recommended to renounce on the international level on such terms and to apply as designations in these cases only the abbreviations given in column 3. 5) Normally used for either pearlitic nodular cast iron or for mal

27、leable cast iron. 6) A further characteristic of these pig-iron grades is that the contents of elements prejudicing the formation of nodular graphite and promoting the formation of carbide are low according to the intended use of the grade concerned. 3 This class includes pig-iron that cannot be cla

28、ssified either in classes 1.1 to 3.3 or in classes 5.1 and 5.2 8) Other alloyed pig-iron includes: a) pig-iron with a silicon content between 4.0 and 8.0 %; b) pig-iron with a manganese content between 6.0 and 30.0 %. provided that it cannot be classified as Spiegel iron (see class 5.1): c) pig-iron

29、 for which a minimum content is specified for at least one of the elements not specified in columns 4 to 8: d) pig-iron whose content of at least one of the following elements is within the limits indicated below: Cr 0.3 to 10.0 % Mo 0.1 Ni 0.3 Ti O2 v 0,1 w 0,1 1 up to the total content of 10.0 % o

30、f other elements resulting from table 1. Page 4 EN 10 O01 e6sinoui ep etuo j -?!llV EN 10001 Page5 Annex A Sampling and preparation of samples intended for the determination of the chemical composition of pig-irons+) A.l Field of application This annex is applicable to pig-iron in the solid state, u

31、nless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering. NOTE: In the case of pig-iron in the liquid state, special regulations are to be agreed between the producer and the purchaser. A.2 Number of pigs to be taken The number of pigs to be taken shall be representative of the batch. In cases of dispute, and

32、 if there has been no other agreement between the parties, the minimum number of pigs to be taken from each batch is given in the table below. Minimum number of 10 I 101 20 11 I 20 5 40 12 I 40 80 14 16 160 1300 300 1600 600 24 . A.3 Selection of samples A.3.1 The samples are to be taken at random,

33、preferably in accordance with one of the procedures described below. A.3.1.1 Case of pigs arranged in piles Throw a rope having acertain number of knots onto the pile. Take as samples the pigs touched by these knots. Repeat the operation until a sufficient number of pigs are obtained. A.3.1.2 Case o

34、f pigs being loaded or unloaded Throughout the loading or unloading operations, take pigs as samples so that the time intervals between pigs are approximately equal. A.4 Preparation of the sample for analysis A.4.1 Chemical analysis A.4.1 .l Machineable pig-iron A.4.1.1 .i Determination of elements

35、other than carbon In the centre of each pig taken from the batch, drill a hole 12 mm to 14 mm in diameter. Remove the first chips which may contain surface scale and other impurities. For the same reason, cease drilling approximately 2 mm from the opposite face of the pig (see figure 1, item 1). The

36、n treat the chips in accordance with A.4.1.3. A.4.1.1.2 Determination of carbon Apply one of the two procedures A or B below. In cases of dispute, apply procedure A. Procedure A In the centre of each pig taken from the batch and on each side, drill a hole 12 mm to 14 mm in diameter (where appro- pri

37、ate, use the hole drilled in accordance with A.4.1.1). Remove the scale and other impurities about the holes on both sides of the pigs. Then drill another hole coaxial with the first hole, 20 to 24 mm in diameter in such a way that large chips are obtained and collected in asuitable container (see f

38、igure 1, item 2a). Then treat these chips in accordance with A.4.1.3. Procedure B Using a gouge or a chisel, remove from the pigs small chips of suitable size (A.4.1.3) from the lower bulging face in the skin zone which solidifies rapidly, and is in practice free from segregation to a thickness of 5

39、 mm (see figure 1, item 2b). It should be checked that the chips are taken from a fractured surface or, if the pigs have not been broken, that the surface impurities have been previously removed, e.g. by grinding. Then treat these chips in accordance with A.4.1.3. Page 6 EN 10 O01 A.4.1.2 Non-machin

40、able pig-iron Break up each pig taken from the batch, for example with a pneumatic hammer, then reduce further until pieces of a suitable size for further reduction to A.4.1.3 are obtained. A.4.1.3 Sample for analysis for the determination of the average composition The chips or fragments taken acco

41、rding to A.4.1.1 and A.4.1.2 are reduced using appropriate equipment, that means wear-resistant and, if necessary, dust-tight, to a size appropriate for chemical analysis. That is: - in the case of carbon, about 1 to 2 mm, - in the case of other elements, 0,20 mm. Mix equal quantities of the materia

42、l originating from each of the pigs taken. From this mixture it is possible to obtain a sample for analysis by the usual quartering method. A.4.2 Spectrometric analysis If use of spectrometric methods of analysis is provided for, the preparation of samplesshall be carried out in accordance with meth

43、ods giving identical results to those used for the chemical analysis. Rapidly cooled (with solidified) analysis samples taken in the liquid condition shall be preferred in order to avoid segregation. AS Methods of analysis A.5.1 analysis. Use either chemical or spectrometric methods of A.5.2 For the

44、 chemical analysis, apply the corresponding European Standards as far as possible. Dimensions in miilimetres 0 12 to 14 mm 1 First hole for taking chips for the determination of elements other than carbon (see A.4.1.1.1). 2a Second hole for taking chipsfor the determination of the carbon content when using procedure A (see A.4.1.1.2). 2b Rapid solidification zone from which fragmentsare to be taken for the determination of the carbon content when using procedure B in accordance with A.4.1.1.2. Figure 1. Selection of samples from machineable pig-iron