DIN 51900-2-2003 Testing of solid and liquid fuels - Determination of the gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of the net calorific value - Part 2 Method u.pdf
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1、Ref. No. DIN 51900-2 : 2003-05English price group 08 Sales No. 010801.04DEUTSCHE NORM May 200351900-2Continued on pages 2 to 7. No part of this translation may be reproduced without the prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has t
2、he exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).Determining the gross calorific value of solid andliquid fuels using the isoperibol or static-jacketcalorimeter, and calculation of net calorific valueTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original should
3、be consulted as the authoritative text.ICS 75.160.10; 75.160.20Prfung fester und flssiger Brennstoffe Bestimmung desBrennwertes mit dem Bomben-Kalorimeter und Berechnung desHeizwertes Teil 2: Verfahren mit isoperibolem oder static-jacketKalorimeterIn keeping with current practice in standards publis
4、hed by the International Organization for Standardization(ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.ForewordThis standard has been prepared by Technical Committee Prfung fester Brennstoffe of the Normenaus-schuss Materialprfung (Material Testing Standards Committee).AmendmentsThis
5、 standard differs from the August 1977 edition in that it has been revised in form and substance, withaccount being taken of the specifications of DIN 51900-1 and the Regnault-Pfaundler evaluation method asthe standard method.Previous editionsDIN DVM 3716: 1931-08; DIN DVM 3716 = DIN 53716: 1938-05;
6、 DIN 51708: 1950x-08, 1956-04; DIN 51900:1966-04; DIN 51900-2: 1977-08.References to DIN 51900-1 are to the April 2000 edition.1 ScopeThis standard specifies a method of determining the gross calorific value of solid and liquid fuels using anisoperibol or static-jacket calorimeter and of calculating
7、 the net calorific value. It may also be applied to othersolid or liquid substances.2 Normative referencesThis standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the pu
8、blications arelisted below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publicationsapply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, thelatest edition of the publication referred to applies.DIN 51900-1 Determination
9、 of gross calorific value of solid and liquid fuels using the bomb calorimeter,and calculation of net calorific value Part 1: General informationDIN EN 61010-1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratoryuse Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1 : 2001)Sup
10、ersedes August 1977edition.Page 2DIN 51900-2 : 2003-053 PrincipleThe calorimetric bomb prepared as specified in DIN 51900-1 is placed in a calorimeter can, which is filled withwater and surrounded by an isoperibol or static insulating jacket. After the temperature has equalized and thefore period ha
11、s elapsed, the fuel sample is fired and the increase in temperature is recorded. Recording isterminated at the end of the after period. The gross calorific value of the sample material is calculated from thecorrected temperature rise and the effective heat capacity of the calorimeter.NOTE: The speci
12、fied method using an isoperibol or static-jacket calorimeter covers all procedures in which thetemperature of the calorimeter can differs from that of the jacket. As a result of the temperature difference,it is necessary to correct the rise in temperature for the heat exchange 1.4 ApparatusThe appar
13、atus shown below is only intended to illustrate the principle; details will vary from one manufacturerto another.4.1 Bomb calorimeter with isoperibol jacketKey1 Crucible containing the sample2 Ignition device3 Calorimeter jacket4 Calorimeter can filled with water5 Bomb16 Lid17 Stirrer18 Evaluating u
14、nit19 Temperature measuring device in calorimeter can10 Temperature measuring device in calorimeter jacketFigure 1: Bomb calorimeter with isoperibol jacket4.2 Calorimeter can, designed for accommodating the calorimeter bomb and water as heat transfer medium.4.3 Calorimeter with isoperibol or static
15、jacket, for enclosing the calorimeter can and thermally insulatingit from the surroundings. It is composed of water or some other suitable material. For both types of apparatus,heat exchange occurs between the calorimeter can and the jacket, with the thermal resistance between the tworemaining const
16、ant and being reproducible.Isoperibol calorimeters have a temperature-controlled jacket adjusted to a particular temperature.The jacket of static-jacket calorimeters has a thermal capacity such that, even without active control, itstemperature remains nearly constant during measurement.4.4 Motor-dri
17、ven stirrer, for mixing the water in the calorimeter can at constant speed. To keep the heatgenerated by stirring approximately the same, the speed shall not vary by more than 10 %.4.5 Temperature measuring device (as in DIN 51900-1).4.6 Electrical ignition device, for firing the sample in the bomb.
18、 Since the current flowing through the ignitionwire develops heat and affects the increase in temperature, the amount of energy supplied to the wire duringPage 3DIN 51900-2 : 2003-05the measurements shall not vary by more than 5 %. The ignition voltage at the connecting terminals of the bombshall co
19、mply with the specifications given in subclause 6.3.1 of DIN EN 61010-1.NOTE: The heat developed by the ignition enters into the calibration.5 Test conditionsThe equipment shall be set up strictly in accordance with the operating manual.The mass of the water in the calorimeter can shall not vary by
20、more than 0,02 % between measurements andshall completely cover the screw cap of the bomb.The temperature of the water shall be between 20 C and 30 C before and after combustion. The temperatureincrease due to the combustion of the sample shall be between 1,5 K and 3,5 K and shall be between 0,7 tim
21、esand 1,3 times the temperature rise found when determining the effective heat capacity. The temperature at theend of the main period shall be taken as the reference temperature.The thermal resistance between the calorimeter can and the jacket shall be constant and is characterized bythe cooling con
22、stant, , which can be calculated using equation (3) in subclause 7.1. The value of will dependon the equipment; its mean value shall be calculated as in clause 12 of DIN 51900-1 from the individual valuesdetermined for the effective heat capacity of the calorimeter. In all the subsequent measurement
23、s, shall notdiffer by more than 5 % from this value.NOTE: To minimize the correction for the heat exchange between the calorimeter can and the surroundings, itis advisable to adjust the temperature of the water in the calorimeter can at the beginning of the test to about1 K less than the temperature
24、 of the jacket. This will make the effect of evaporation of water in the calorimetercan negligible.6 Procedure6.1 GeneralThe calorimeter shall be prepared as specified in the manufacturers instructions.6.2 Measurement procedure6.2.1 GeneralThe temperature of the calorimeter can shall always be measu
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