CEA-2042 1-2012 Wireless Power Glossary of Terms《无线电术语》.pdf

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1、 ANSI/CEA Standard Wireless Power Glossary of Terms ANSI/CEA-2042.1 January 2012 Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NOTICE Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) Standard

2、s, Bulletins and other technical publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay t

3、he proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmember of CEA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards, Bulletins or other technical publications, nor

4、shall the existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than CEA members, whether the standard is to be used either domestically or internationally. Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are adopted by CEA in accor

5、dance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, CEA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard, Bulletin or other technical publication. This CEA Standard is considered to h

6、ave International Standardization implication, but the International Electrotechnical Commission activity has not progressed to the point where a valid comparison between the CEA Standard and the IEC document can be made. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with

7、its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. This document is copyrighted by the Consumer Electronics Associat

8、ion (CEA) and may not be reproduced, in whole or part, without written permission. Federal copyright law prohibits unauthorized reproduction of this document by any means. Organizations may obtain permission to reproduce a limited number of copies by entering into a license agreement. Requests to re

9、produce text, data, charts, figures or other material should be made to CEA. (Formulated under the cognizance of the CEAs R6.3 Wireless Power Subcommittee.) Published by CONSUMER ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION 2012 Technology & Standards Department www.CE.org All rights reserved Copyright Consumer Electron

10、ics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,

11、-,-iFOREWORD This document was developed by the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) R6.3, Wireless Power Subcommittee. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iiThis page i

12、s intentionally blank.Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iiiCONTENTS 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms & Definitions . 1 Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS unde

13、r license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ivThis page is intentionally blank. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,

14、-,-1Wireless Power Glossary of Terms 1 Scope This document specifies terms and definitions for wireless power. 2 Terms & Definitions Term Definition Alignment Aid A method of positioning a receiver relative to a transmitter that provides the user with feedback to properly align the active area of th

15、e receiver to the active area of the transmitter. Authentication The process of validating that a proper receiver has been placed within proximity before power is transmitted. Without a proper validation, power should not be transmitted. Battery Management System (BMS) A system of circuits (may be i

16、ntegrated with a battery into a “battery pack”) to monitor key operational parameters of a battery during charging and discharging, e.g. voltages, currents, internal temperature of the battery, ambient temperature. The monitoring circuits may provide inputs to protection devices which would generate

17、 alarms or disconnect the battery from the load or charger should any of the parameters become out of limits. Charging Region The area from where power is made available to receivers. (e.g., a charging pad is one example of a charging region) Communication Protocol A formal description of digital me

18、ssage formats and the rules a receiver and a transmitter follow for exchanging those messages for wireless power transfer. This may include signaling, compliance verification and error detection/correction capabilities and may also be implemented in hardware, software or both. Conductive Wireless Po

19、wer Systems These systems allow wire-free power delivery. A wireless power system that provides a conductive surface to which receivers are connected through direct electrical contacts. Coupling Coefficient (k) K = M / SQRT(L1 L2) Where M is the Mutual Inductance, and L1 and L2 are the inductance of

20、 first and second coil, respectively Device Detection The process by which a transmitter identifies that a receiver is within proximity of the transmitter. Electromagnetic The properties of interdependent, time-varying electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic Induction (aka Magnetic Induction)

21、The production of a current within, and transfer of, voltage across a conductor moving through a magnetic field or, alternatively, a magnetic field moving through a conductor without wires or metal contacts. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for Re

22、saleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2Electrostatic Induction The redistribution of electrical charge through the use or presence of external charges. Uncharged matter becomes charged through the placement of a strong electrically charged object, attracting the op

23、posite electrical charges within the uncharged matter and polarizing the uncharged matter. Far Field Distances greater than two wavelengths from transmitter to receiver. Field Transition Zone In a power transition this is the range between one and two wavelengths from the transmitter to the receiver

24、 (range between Near Field and Far Field). Free Positioning The ability to place a receiver in any position relative to the transmitter. Highly Resonant Wireless Power Transfer Wireless transfer of power through magnetic induction between a transmitter coil and receiver coil(s) where the coupling fa

25、ctor (k) can be less than 0.1, though values up to 1 may also be supported and where the system requires magnetic resonance. Inductive Power Transfer System (aka Inductive Charging System) A system that relies on magnetic induction for energy transfer. Such a system uses at least one primary coil an

26、d at least one secondary coil. A system may have several secondary coils, and they may provide alternating current voltages that are higher, lower, or the same as that applied to the primary coil. Magnetic induction power transfer systems are optimized to operate in the electromagnetic near-field. I

27、ntentional Use of RF In the context of wireless power, any transmitter that is designed for the primary purpose of charging by coupling RF power to a receiver. The coupled RF may or may not be modulated to carry information Load Modulation The process of intentionally modulating an impedance across

28、the receiver coil to create a corresponding voltage or current signal at another coil. Microwave Microwave electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 300 MHz to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Abbreviated as MW. Near Field Distances less than one wavelength from the transmitter to the receiver. No Load Po

29、wer Power level consumed by the transmitter when no receiver is present. Operating Frequency The oscillation frequency of the power signal. Optical Power Transfer Energy transfer systems that use energy from the ultraviolet, visible or infrared (IR) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The source

30、of the energy can be from a light source or transmitter or from the ambient environment. The energy is collected or harvested by a receiver. Power Factor The power factor of an AC electric power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit

31、, and is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1 (frequently expressed as a percentage, e.g. 0.5 pf=50% pf). Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of the current and voltage of the circuit. Transmitter Output Power Level The

32、amount of power, typically measured in watts, that is transmitted from the transmitter in a wireless power system. Power Range The lowest to highest power level that a transmitter and receiver support. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo

33、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-3Power Regulation Method for controlling the output voltage or current from the receiver to appropriate value. This may be performed by the transmitter, receiver, or a combination of both. Power Transfer Loss Power loss due to imperf

34、ect transfer of the energy from the transmitter to the receiver, such as between two coils. Primary Coil A component of a transmitter that converts electric current to magnetic flux. Radio Frequency Energy Electromagnetic energy at any frequency in the radio spectrum between 3 kHz and 300 GHz. (See

35、Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 47, Section 15.3(u) (47 CFR 15.3 (u) Radio Frequency/Microwave Power Transfer Energy transfer systems that use energy in the radio frequency (RF) and/or microwave (MW) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The source of the energy can be from intent

36、ional RF use or from the ambient environment. If intentional RF use is employed, it can direct the energy in a variety of patterns (beam, isotropic, etc.). The energy is collected or harvested by an RF/MW antenna receiver. The systems are optimized to enable energy transfer in the electromagnetic wa

37、ves far-field region. Reactive Near Field Transfer of power over a distance less than /2 or 0.16 wavelength from transmitter to receiver. In this range, the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter can be greatly affected by any absorption or phase modulation of any present material or cir

38、cuit. Receiver A device designed for the primary purpose of accepting a signal or energy from a transmitter. Receiver Coil The component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force. Rectification The process of converting the RF output of the receiver coil to a direct current (D

39、C) output. Recognition / Identification The application of a signal to detect and identify a receiver. Resonance The condition of a body or system when it is subjected to a periodic disturbance of the same frequency as the natural frequency of the body or system. At this frequency, the system displa

40、ys an enhanced oscillation or vibration. Secondary Coil The component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force. Short Range Near Field Transmission of power through magnetic induction between a transmitter coil and receiver coil where the distance between the coils is less th

41、an the sum of the radii of the transmitter and receiver coils. Tightly-Coupled An inductive wireless power transfer system with a strong magnetic linkage between the primary and secondary coil. The coupling coefficient (k), a measure of the magnetic linkage, is typically greater than 0.5 and can exc

42、eed 0.99 in a classical system. Transfer Efficiency Useful power received by the load divided by the total electrical power into the wireless power supply. Transmitter In the context of wireless power transfer, an electronic device designed for the primary purpose of inducing power. Copyright Consum

43、er Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-4Transmitter Coil A component of a transmitter that converts electric current to magnetic flux. Unintentional Radiator A device that intentionally gene

44、rates radio frequency energy for use within the device, or that sends radio frequency signals by conduction to associated equipment via connecting wiring, but which is not intended to emit RF energy by radiation or induction. Validation The process by which a receiver verifies that it is designed to

45、 receive power per CEA-2042.4 or CEA-2042.5. Note: As of the publication of this document in September, 2011, neither CEA-2042.4 nor CEA-2042.5 had been completed. Wireless Charging The processes and methods that takes place in any system where power is provided to a battery management system withou

46、t interconnecting wires. Wireless Power The processes and methods that takes place in any system where electrical energy is transmitted from a power source to an electrical load without interconnecting wires. “Z” Distance The distance between the transmitter and receiver coils in the direction perpe

47、ndicular to the plane of the coils. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CEA Document Improvement Proposal If in the review or use of this document, a potential change is m

48、ade evident for safety, health or technical reasons, please email your reason/rationale for the recommended change to standardsce.org. Consumer Electronics Association Technology & Standards Department 1919 S Eads Street, Arlington, VA 22202 FAX: (703) 907-7693 standardsCE.org Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA No