BS ISO 22765-2016 Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U Pu)O2 pellets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination《核燃料技术 (U Pu)O2烧结芯块 微观结构检验的瓷相准备指南》.pdf
《BS ISO 22765-2016 Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U Pu)O2 pellets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination《核燃料技术 (U Pu)O2烧结芯块 微观结构检验的瓷相准备指南》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS ISO 22765-2016 Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U Pu)O2 pellets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination《核燃料技术 (U Pu)O2烧结芯块 微观结构检验的瓷相准备指南》.pdf(16页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、BS ISO 22765:2016Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examinationBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 22765:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK
2、implementation of ISO 22765:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee NCE/9, Nuclear fuel cycle technology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the ne
3、cessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 84761 5 ICS 27.120.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standa
4、rd was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 22765:2016 ISO 2016Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U,Pu)O2pellets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for micr
5、ostructure examinationTechnologie du combustible nuclaire Pastilles (U,Pu)O2frittes Prconisations relatives la prparation cramographique pour examen de la microstructureINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO22765First edition2016-12-15Reference numberISO 22765:2016(E)BS ISO 22765:2016ISO 22765:2016(E)ii ISO 2016
6、 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the int
7、ernet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copy
8、rightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 22765:2016ISO 22765:2016(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Description . 26 Equipment . 27 Reagents and resin . 28 Operating procedure 38.1 Specimen cutting . 38.2 Resin embedding . 38.3 Rough polishing 38.4 Final
9、polishing . 39 Structure development 49.1 General . 49.2 Development by thermal treatment . 49.3 Development by chemical etching . 49.4 Development by ion etching 5Bibliography 7 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 22765:2016ISO 22765:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organizatio
10、n for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
11、 the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The pr
12、ocedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the edito
13、rial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights iden
14、tified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the
15、 meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: http:/www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlThe committee responsible
16、for this document is ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 5, Nuclear installations, processes and technologies.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 22765:2016INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22765:2016(E)Nuclear fuel technology Sintered (U,Pu)O2pel
17、lets Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination1 ScopeThis document describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O2pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the pellet microstructure.The examinations are performed before and after ther
18、mal treatment or chemical etching.They allow observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution.The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), com
19、parison with standard grids or typical images, etc.2The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen.The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The pluto
20、nium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching but alpha-autoradiography can also be used. The first technique avoids the tendency for autoradiography to exaggerate the size of plutonium-rich clusters due to the distance the alpha particles travel away from the source.2 Normative referenc
21、esThere are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitionsNo terms and definitions are listed in this document.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online
22、browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp4 PrincipleThe ceramographic preparation of (U,Pu)O2pellets involves two steps: specimen polishing, after embedding or not the specimen in a specific resin; thermal treatment or chemical etching to reveal the specimen microstructure. ISO 2016 All
23、rights reserved 1BS ISO 22765:2016ISO 22765:2016(E)5 DescriptionThe procedure comprises the following operations: cutting the specimen; resin embedding; rough polishing; final polishing; thermal treatment or chemical etching.The resin embedding operation may precede the specimen cutting operation. R
24、esin embedding may be skipped when a mechanical device is used to hold the specimen during cutting and polishing. Thus, it is preferable to cut the pellet before embedding it.6 EquipmentThe equipment shall be installed in an environment capable of monitoring specimen containment throughout the opera
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