BS ISO 17245-2015 Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for high temperature corrosion testing of metallic materials by immersing in molten salt or other liquids under static .pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17245:2015Corrosion of metals andalloys Test method forhigh temperature corrosiontesting of metallic materialsby immersing in molten saltor other liquids under staticconditionsBS ISO 17245:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implement

2、ation of ISO 17245:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/NFE/8, Corrosion of metals and alloys.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessar

3、yprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 78211 4ICS 77.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was publish

4、ed under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 17245:2015 ISO 2015Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for high temperature corrosion testing of metallic materials by immersing in molten salt or

5、other liquids under static conditionsCorrosion des mtaux et alliages Mthode dessai pour essais de corrosion haute temprature de matriaux mtalliques par immersion dans le sel fondu ou autres liquides dans des conditions statiquesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17245First edition2015-04-15Reference numberISO

6、 17245:2015(E)BS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph

7、otocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09

8、47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Test method . 24.1 Principle 24.2 Reagents and materials . 24.2.1 Test pieces . 24.2.2 Corrosive substance 34.3 T

9、est apparatus . 34.3.1 Design of apparatus . 34.3.2 Stagnant inert gas environment . 44.3.3 Flowing reactive gas environment . 44.3.4 Temperature monitoring 54.4 Procedure 54.4.1 Preparation and placement of the test piece . 54.4.2 Test environment with flowing reactive gas 64.4.3 Heating method 64.

10、4.4 Test duration . 74.4.5 Cooling of test pieces 74.5 Determination of mass change 74.5.1 Principle 74.5.2 Measurements prior to testing 74.5.3 Descaling prior to mass determination 74.5.4 Measurement of corrosion mass loss . 85 Examination of surface and microstructure of corroded test pieces . 86

11、 Report 86.1 Matters to be described . 86.1.1 Test material 86.1.2 Test piece 86.1.3 Testing environments 86.1.4 Test results 96.2 Supplementary note . 9Annex A (informative) Chemical and electrolytic procedures for removal of corrosion products 10Bibliography .13 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiCon

12、tents PageBS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member

13、 body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Elect

14、rotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of

15、 ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held

16、responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information g

17、iven for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the follo

18、wing URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 156, Corrosion of metals and alloys.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)IntroductionIn contrast to high temperature corrosion occurring in gaseous environment covered in I

19、SO 21608 and ISO 13573, this International Standard focuses on high temperature corrosion occurring on materials that are in direct contact with molten corrosive substances.The present document considers the case of a metallic material immersed completely in a corrosive substance that either melts d

20、uring high temperature exposure or that is liquid throughout the experiment.The closely-related condition involving exposure in a compacted powder is described in ISO 17248 and that involving application of a surface deposit of salt, ash, or other substances in ISO 17224. ISO 2015 All rights reserve

21、d vBS ISO 17245:2015BS ISO 17245:2015Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for high temperature corrosion testing of metallic materials by immersing in molten salt or other liquids under static conditions1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the method for high temperature corrosion test

22、ing of metallic materials by immersing in molten salt or other liquids which are under static conditions and exposing them to high temperature in a controlled gas environment to evaluate their corrosion resistance.Two options are considereda) using a stagnant inert gas environment, andb) using a flo

23、wing reactive gas environment.This International Standard does not cover methods where test pieces are fully or partially embedded in a corrosive powder made up of salt, ash, and/or other solids, or cases in which a surface deposit is applied to the specimens. These methods are covered in ISO 17248

24、and ISO 17224, respectively.This International Standard is not applicable to the situation of test pieces in relative movement to their surrounding corrosive liquid.NOTE This situation is intended to be dealt with in a future International Standard.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in w

25、hole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3611, Geometrical product specifi

26、cations (GPS) Dimensional measuring equipment: Micrometers for external measurements Design and metrological characteristicsISO 6906, Vernier callipers reading to 0,02 mmISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys Basic terms and definitionsISO 8407:2009, Corrosion of metals and alloys Removal of corro

27、sion products from corrosion test specimensISO 26146, Corrosion of metals and alloys Method for metallographic examination of samples after exposure to high-temperature corrosive environmentsISO 21608:2012, Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for isothermal-exposure oxidation testing under hi

28、gh-temperature corrosion conditions for metallic materialsASTM E220, Standard method for calibration of thermocouples by comparison techniquesASTM E230, Standard temperature-electromotive forces tables for standardized thermocouplesASTM E1350, Standard test method for testing sheathed thermocouples

29、prior to, during and after installationINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17245:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.3.1affected layerlayer beneath

30、 the test piece surface that is affected in its composition and/or structure due to corrosion3.2corrosive liquidpowder mixture made up of salt, ash, and/or other solids that will melt under the experimental temperature or liquid that contains compounds that are expected to react with the metal at hi

31、gh temperature3.3controlled gas environmentflowing gas mixture of defined composition and flow rate which can affect the behaviour of the corrosive liquid3.4descalingremoval of corrosion products and corrosive phases from the test piece surface before measurement of the mass of the remaining metal4

32、Test method4.1 PrincipleThe test shall be performed with at least three test pieces of each material to ensure reproducibility of the test results. These test pieces can be used for determination of mass change, dimensional changes, and/or for observation of the surface and/or cross section.4.2 Reag

33、ents and materials4.2.1 Test piecesThe test pieces shall have the form of a rectangular plate, a disc, or a cylinder with a minimum surface area of 300 mm2and a minimum thickness of 1,5 mm.If the test pieces cannot be made according to these specifications, the shape and dimensions of the test piece

34、s shall be in accordance with the agreement between the parties involved.The test pieces shall be machined to remove the strata affected by cutting.The final finishing of the surface of the test pieces shall be performed with abrasives with mean particle diameter of approximately 15 m. This can be a

35、chieved by the use of abrasives according to Table 1.Table 1 Designation and mean diameter of particles of coated abrasives according to regional standardsStandard DesignationMean diameter mRegionFEPAa431984 R 1993: Grit Sizes for Coated AbrasivesISO 6344 Coated abrasives - Grain size analysisP1200

36、15,3 1,0 EuropeJIS R600187 #1000 15,5 1,0 JapanaFederation of European Producers of Abrasives2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)Standard DesignationMean diameter mRegionANSI B74.1292 Specifications for the size of abrasive grain Grinding wheels, polishing and general ind

37、ustrial uses600 16,0 AmericaaFederation of European Producers of AbrasivesIf another surface finish is required by the parties involved, the surface finish condition shall be described.Sharp edges of test pieces might give anomalous behaviour. These shall be slightly rounded during the final stages

38、of test piece preparation.The dimensions of the test pieces shall be measured prior to exposure at a minimum of three positions for each dimension with a precision of 0,02 mm by means of the measuring instruments specified in ISO 3611 and ISO 6906.After ultrasonically degreasing in isopropanol or et

39、hanol, the test pieces shall be dried in hot air or in a desiccator.If it is suspected that test pieces might absorb significant amounts of atmospheric contaminants such as water, it is recommended that the cleaned test pieces are stored in a desiccator prior to weighing and exposure.The mass of the

40、 test pieces shall be determined prior to exposure. At least two measurements shall be made for each test piece. The difference between the measurements shall not exceed 0,05 mg.4.2.2 Corrosive substanceThe type of corrosive substance to be used in the test shall be selected in accordance with the e

41、nvironment for which the test is intended. It shall be prepared either by taking deposit from actual equipment or by mixing chemicals of reagent grade.The prepared substance shall be mixed well to make it homogeneous. The melting range of the substance shall be measured in advance if it is not known

42、, or it shall be determined from phase diagrams in order to ensure that the liquid phase is the major component.WARNING When working with dangerous substances (such as certain ashes and molten salts), all necessary safety precautions shall be taken.4.3 Test apparatus4.3.1 Design of apparatusThe appa

43、ratus shall be composed, as a whole, of the temperature regulating device for heating all test pieces at a uniform temperature. The heating device shall be equipped with a testing portion capable of separating the test pieces from outside air (closed system).A basic design of a closed, horizontal ap

44、paratus is shown in Figure 1. Other designs can use vertical orientation. A design of the complete furnace setup is shown in ISO 21608:2012, Figure 1.Table 1 (continued) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17245:2015ISO 17245:2015(E)Key1 test gas inlet2 overpressure valve3 test chamber4 heating uni

45、t5 crucible6 test piece7 corrosive substance8 thermocouple9 gas exitFigure 1 Closed apparatus using a horizontal furnaceThe test chamber shall not be composed of materials that react significantly with the gas environment or the corrosive substance during the test. If the reaction is not avoidable,

46、the reaction shall be small enough to neglect a change in composition of the atmosphere.NOTE Condensation can be an issue, which can be addressed by heating flanges or ensuring that the ratio of total crucible volume to chamber volume is 1:10.4.3.2 Stagnant inert gas environmentThe test chamber shal

47、l be filled with a gas that is inert to the corrosive substance prior to the test and then closed. An overpressure valve should be used in order to maintain the pressure of the system at desired pressure.4.3.3 Flowing reactive gas environmentThe gas supply system shall be capable of supplying the te

48、st gases at a constant flow rate to the test piece chamber described in 4.3.1.When a humidifying regulator is used, it shall be capable of adjusting to the desired humidity. Deionized water of electrical conductivity less than 1 S cm1shall be used.The gas line between humidifying regulator and test

49、chamber shall be kept above the dew point in order to avoid condensation.The gas flow shall be monitored by a gas flow meter. The flow meter shall be located as close as possible to the inlet of the test chamber except where a humidifying regulator is used, in which case it shall be located upstream from the humidifier.In the case that the gas is humidified, the water vapour content shall be measured. This can be achieved by, e.g. the use of a hygrometer before the test chamber or by measuring the amount of wa