BS ISO 14878-2015 Cycles Audible warning devices Technical specification and test methods《自行车 音响警示装置 技术规格和试验方法》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 14878:2015Cycles Audible warningdevices Technicalspecification and test methodsBS ISO 14878:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 14878:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommitt

2、ee GME/25, Cycles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Publishe

3、d by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 78924 3ICS 43.150Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since

4、publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 14878:2015 ISO 2015Cycles Audible warning devices Technical specification and test methodsCycles Dispositifs avertisseurs sonores Spcifications techniques et mthodes dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO14878First edition2015-12-15Reference numberISO 14878:201

5、5(E)BS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic

6、al, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzer

7、landTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 25 Instrumentations . 25.1 Instruments for acoustical measurement 25.1.1 General 25.1.2

8、 Calibration . 25.1.3 Compliance with requirements . 25.1.4 Meteorological Instrumentation 26 Acoustical environment, meteorological conditions, and background noise . 36.1 Test site 36.2 Meteorological conditions . 36.3 Background noise . 36.4 Mounting of the AWD 46.5 Microphone and AWD positions 4

9、7 Measurement of the sound pressure level . 47.1 Actuation of the AWD 47.2 Measurement readings and reported values 47.2.1 General 47.2.2 Data compilation 47.3 Required sound pressure . 57.4 Low battery indicator 58 Test of durability 58.1 Test procedure . 58.1.1 Stability mechanical test . 58.1.2 C

10、orrosion test . 68.2 Test result 69 Test report . 610 Marking 6 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prep

11、aring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in

12、liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC

13、Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility tha

14、t some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent de

15、clarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information

16、 about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles and major sub-assemblies.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO

17、14878:2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14878:2015(E)Cycles Audible warning devices Technical specification and test methods1 ScopeThis International Standard lays down the technical specifications, such as the sound pressure level and the durability, and specifies the corresponding test method for aud

18、ible warning devices (AWD) which may be fitted to cycles.This International Standard applies to all types of audible warning devices (AWD) for use on bicycles.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its

19、 application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 9227, Corrosion test in artificial atmosphere Salt spray testsISO 26101, Acoustics Test methods for the qualification of fr

20、ee-field environmentsIEC 60942, Electroacoustics Sound calibratorsIEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: SpecificationsIEC 61672-3, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 3: Periodic tests3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definition

21、s apply.3.1cycleany vehicle that has at least two wheels and is propelled solely or mainly by the muscular energy of the person on that vehicle, in particular by means of pedals3.2bicycletwo-wheeled cycle3.3audible warning deviceAWDdevice designed for the purpose to warn people by an audible signalN

22、ote 1 to entry: Including all types of technologies (i.e. bells, horns, electronic audible warning device).3.4audible warning device class IAWD designed for general purpose3.5audible warning device class IIAWD designed for purpose of use in area primarily shared by pedestrians and cyclists, such as

23、a pedestrian zone ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E)4 Symbols and abbreviated termsAWD Audible warning device5 Instrumentations5.1 Instruments for acoustical measurement5.1.1 GeneralThe apparatus used for measuring the sound pressure level shall be a sound level meter o

24、r equivalent measurement system meeting the requirements of class 1 instruments (inclusive of the recommended windscreen, if used). These requirements are described in IEC 61672-1.The entire measurement system shall be checked by means of a sound calibrator that fulfils the requirements of class 1 s

25、ound calibrators according to IEC 60942.Measurements shall be carried out using the time weighting “F” of the acoustic measurement instrument and the “A” frequency weighting curve also described in IEC 61672-1. When using a system that includes a periodic monitoring of the A-weighted sound pressure

26、level, a reading should be made at a time interval not greater than 30 ms.The instruments shall be maintained and calibrated in accordance to the instructions of the instrument manufacturer.When no general statement or conclusion can be made about conformance of the sound level meter model to the fu

27、ll specifications of IEC 61672-1, the apparatus used for measuring the sound pressure level shall be a sound level meter or equivalent measurement system meeting the requirements of class 1 instruments as described in IEC 61672-3.NOTE The tests of IEC 61672-3 cover only a limited subset of the speci

28、fications in IEC 61672-1 for which the scope is large (temperature range, frequency requirements up to 20 kHz, EMC tests). It is economically impossible to verify the whole IEC 61672-1 standard requirements one each item of a computerized data acquisition systems model.5.1.2 CalibrationAt the beginn

29、ing and at the end of every measurement session, the entire acoustic measurement system shall be checked by means of a sound calibrator as described in 5.1.1. Without any further adjustment, the difference between the readings shall be less than or equal to 0,5 dB. If this value is exceeded, the res

30、ults of the measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory check shall be discarded.5.1.3 Compliance with requirementsCompliance of the sound calibrator with the requirements of IEC 60942 shall be verified once a year.Compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirements of IEC 61672

31、-3 shall be verified at least every two years.All compliance testing shall be conducted by a laboratory which is authorized to perform calibrations traceable to the appropriate standards.5.1.4 Meteorological InstrumentationThe meteorological instrumentation used to monitor the environmental conditio

32、ns during the test shall meet the following specifications: 1 C or less for a temperature measuring device;2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E) 1,0 m/s for a wind speed-measuring device; 5 hPa for a barometric pressure measuring device; 5 % for a relative humidity measuri

33、ng device.6 Acoustical environment, meteorological conditions, and background noise6.1 Test siteThe AWD shall be tested in an anechoic environment. Alternatively, it may be tested in a semi anechoic chamber or in an open space. In this case, precautions shall be taken to avoid reflections from the g

34、round within the measuring area (for instance, by erecting a set of absorbing screens).The test facility shall meet requirements of ISO 26101 with the following qualification criteria and measurement requirement appropriate to this test method as recommended by ISO 26101: space to be deemed anechoic

35、 shall be at least a 5-metre radius volume; test sound source location shall position in the middle of the space to be deemed anechoic, on the floor; microphone transverses shall be from the centre of the source to each microphone position; the maximum spacing of the measurement points shall depend

36、on the size of the space to be deemed anechoic. A minimum of 10 points shall be used for spatial resolution of measurement; qualification band width shall be defined to cover the typical of the spectral range of interest that will be measured. Without any information, it is recommended from 100 Hz t

37、o 10 000 Hz; generation of sound shall be a broadband noise and a 1/3 octave filter for measurement requirements.For indoor test site, the test facility shall have a cut-off frequency lower than the frequency of the lowest component of the sound emitted by the AWD under test.In the vicinity of the m

38、icrophone, there shall be no obstacle that could influence the acoustic field and no person shall remain between the microphone and the noise source. The meter observer shall be positioned so as not to influence the meter reading.NOTE It is expected that users of this International Standard will und

39、erstand that valid measurements can only be made when the cut-off frequency is lower than the lowest frequency of interest. A specific numerical requirement for cut-off frequency is not given due to the range of variation of appropriate cut-off frequencies depending upon the measured article.6.2 Met

40、eorological conditionsThe meteorological instrumentation shall deliver data representative for the test site and shall be positioned adjacent to the test area at a height representative of the height of the measuring microphone.The measurements shall be made when the ambient air temperature is withi

41、n the range from 10 C to 30 C.The tests shall not be carried out if the wind speed, including gusts, at microphone height exceeds 5 m/s, during the sound measurement interval.A value representative of temperature, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, and barometric pressure shall be recorded

42、 during the sound measurement interval.6.3 Background noiseAny sound peak which appears to be unrelated to the characteristics of the general sound level of the AWD shall be ignored in taking the readings. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 14878:2015ISO 14878:2015(E)The background noise shall be

43、measured for duration of 10 s immediately before and after a series of tests. The measurements shall be made with the same microphones and microphone locations used during the test. The maximum A-weighted sound pressure level shall be reported.The background noise (including any wind noise) shall be

44、 at least 10 dB below the A-weighted sound pressure level produced by the AWD under test.6.4 Mounting of the AWDThe AWD to be tested shall be fitted as specified by the manufacturer. A representative tube (e.g. for a handlebar) or other required mounting point shall be rigidly fixed to a solid metal

45、lic base, which shall have a mass of at least 15 kg.Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, the bell shall be mounted horizontally. Any tilt shall be stated in the Test Report.The base shall be so designed that reflections from its faces, or vibrations, do not noticeably affect the measureme

46、nts results.6.5 Microphone and AWD positionsThe microphone and the AWD shall be located 1,2 m 0,05 m above the ground level.The reference direction for free field conditions (see IEC 61672-1) shall be horizontal and directed perpendicularly towards the centre of the AWD.The microphone shall be locat

47、ed at a distance of 2 m 0,01 m from the centre of the bell.7 Measurement of the sound pressure level7.1 Actuation of the AWDThe AWD to be tested shall be rung by the operator who activates (push, pull, press) the control device as required by the manufacturer. The presence of this operator shall hav

48、e no noticeable influence on the test results.One measurement sequence consists 10 times consecutively over its full travel in 4 s 0,5 s.Five sequences shall be carried out and each sequence has to be interrupted by a pause.This operation shall be carried out five times.7.2 Measurement readings and

49、reported values7.2.1 GeneralThe maximum A-weighted sound pressure level in relation to 2 10-5Pa (N/m), indicated during each sequence of 10 actuations shall be noted, to the first significant digit after the decimal place (for example -XX,X). If a sound peak obviously out of character with the general sound pressure level is observed, the measurement shall be discarded.Five measurement results, within 2,0 dB, shall be used for the calculation of the final result.7.2.2 Data compilationThe final value to be r