BS ISO 11971-2008 Steel and iron castings - Visual examination of surface quality《钢和铁铸件 表面质量的外观检验》.pdf

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1、BS ISO11971:2008ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.80NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSteel and iron castings Visual examinationof surface qualityThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 30September

2、2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 56250 1Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 11971:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 11971:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/6, Steel castings.A list of

3、 organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obliga

4、tions.BS ISO 11971:2008Reference numberISO 11971:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO11971Second edition2008-09-01Steel and iron castings Visual examination of surface quality Pices moules en acier ou en fonte Examen visuel de ltat de surface BS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) PDF disclaimer Th

5、is PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept th

6、erein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file;

7、the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOC

8、UMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member bod

9、y in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiFo

10、reword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a tec

11、hnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o

12、f electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated

13、to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible fo

14、r identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11971 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 11, Steel castings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11971:1997), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) iv ISO

15、2008 All rights reservedIntroduction The surface roughness of a casting is influenced by the manufacturing process (moulding, grinding, finishing, etc.), the moulding materials used (sand, coating, etc.), the equipment available and the alloy cast. Since cast surfaces do not exhibit the same cyclic

16、character as machined surfaces, it is difficult to evaluate their roughness using conventional mechanical, optical, or pneumatic devices. The use of visual/tactile comparators is therefore preferred in these circumstances. Moreover, in order to take account of the irregularities on as-cast surfaces,

17、 ground surfaces or other means of finishing of castings, comparators should have relatively large dimensions (greater than or equal to 15 000 mm2) in order to make them more reliable and their results repeatable and consistent. Two sets of comparators are in widespread use: SCRATA comparators for t

18、he definition of surface quality of steel castings, available from Steel Castings Technology International, 7 East Bank Road, Sheffield S2 3PT, United Kingdom; BNIF 359, Recommandation technique du Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie. Caractrisation dtats de surface des pices moule

19、s Utilisation des chantillons types de 110 160 mm, available from Editions Techniques des Industries de la Fonderie, 44 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92310 Svres, France. BS ISO 11971:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11971:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Steel and iron castings Visual examinati

20、on of surface quality 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard covers the acceptance criteria for the surface inspection of steel and iron castings by visual examination. 1.2 Acceptance levels utilize Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie (BNIF) and Steel Castings Research and Trade A

21、ssociation (SCRATA) reference comparators for the visual determination of surface roughness and surface discontinuities described as follows: surface roughness; thermal dressing; mechanical dressing; nonmetallic inclusions; gas porosity; fusion discontinuities; expansion discontinuities; metal inser

22、ts. 2 Ordering information The enquiry and order should specify the following information: the casting areas where the surface is to be examined should be clearly indicated on the drawing; the number of castings to be examined; the acceptance level: more than one acceptance level may be specified fo

23、r different surfaces of the same casting; if any types of discontinuities are unacceptable. 3 Acceptance standards The SCRATA comparator set may be used for steel castings only. The BNIF comparator set S1 and S2 categories may be used for all alloys. Category S3 may be used for steel castings only.

24、BS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedTable 1 lists BNIF and SCRATA comparators for surface roughness and gives the equivalency between BNIF and SCRATA comparators for surface roughness, mechanical dressing and thermal dressing. Table 2 lists the SCRATA surface-discontinui

25、ty comparators. Levels of acceptance for surface roughness and discontinuities may be specified by the customer. Tables 3 and 4 may be used by the customer when guidance is required. Surface discontinuities not covered by this International Standard shall be a matter of agreement between the purchas

26、er and manufacturer. 4 Determination of compliance The area to be inspected shall be examined without optical aids. The comparators define the worst or roughest condition for that acceptance level. 5 Documentation The manufacturer shall, if requested by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order

27、, keep a record of the examination and provide a report. The records of the manufacturer shall contain the following: the identification of the casting; the name and qualification of the person undertaking the inspection; the reference of the comparator used; the designated category and level of eac

28、h area checked for the surface condition. Table 1 BNIF and SCRATA surface roughness and dressing comparators Roughness Mechanical dressing Thermal dressing BNIF SCRATA BNIF SCRATA BNIF SCRATA Smoothest 3/0S1 1/0S2 G1 2/0S1 1S2 1S3 G21/0S1 5S2 H1 2S3 G3 1S1 A1 H3 3S3 G52S1 A2 H4 3S1 A3 H54S1 5S1 6S1

29、A4 7S1 Roughest 8S1 A5 BS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3Table 2 SCRATA surface-discontinuity comparators Reducing Increasing Inclusions B1 B2 B4 B5 Gas porosity C2 C1 C3 C4 Fusion discontinuities D1 D2 D3 D5 Expansion discontinuities E3 E5 Inserts F1 F3 Welds J1 J2 J3

30、 J5 Table 3 Optional roughness acceptance standards Surface comparator Classification Nominal Not worse than Level 1 3/0S1aLevel 2 2/0S1aLevel 3 1/0S1a1S1aor A1bLevel 4 2S1aor A2b3S1aor A3bLevel 5 4S1a, 5S1a6S1aor A4bLevel 6 7S1a8S1aor A5baBNIF bSCRATA Table 4 Optional surface-discontinuity acceptan

31、ce standards Surface comparator Classification Surface discontinuity 00 0 1 2 3 4 Inclusions Gas porosity Fusion discontinuities Expansion discontinuities Inserts B1bC2b B2bC1bD1b B4bC3bD2bE3bF1bB5bC4bD5bE5bF3bMetal removal marks Thermal G1bor 1S3aG2bor 2S3aG3bor 3S3aG5bMechanical 1/0S2a 1S2aH1bor 5

32、S2aH3b H4b H5b Welds J1bJ2bJ3bJ5bNOTE Class 0 and class 00 are available for special casting processes. aBNIF bSCRATA BS ISO 11971:2008ISO 11971:2008(E) ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.80 Price based on 3 pages ISO 2008 All rights reserved BS ISO 11971:2008This page has been intentionally left blank BS ISO119

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