BS EN ISO 8611-3-2012 Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Maximum working loads《物料运输用托盘 平托盘 试验方法》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 8611-3:2011Pallets for materials handling Flat palletsPart 3: Maximum working loadsBS EN ISO 8611-3:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS un

2、der license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 8611-3:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 8611-3:2012. It is identical to ISO 8611-3:2011. It supersedes BS ISO 8611-3:2011, wh

3、ich is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/0/-/11, Packaging Wood.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a co

4、ntract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76929 0ICS 55.180.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the

5、authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2011.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 May 2013 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 8611-3:2011 as BS EN ISO 8611-3:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license wi

6、th CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 8611-3 August 2012 ICS 55.180.20 English Version Pallets for materials handling - Flat pallets - Part 3: Maximum working loads (ISO 8611-3:2011) Palettes

7、pour la manutention - Palettes plates - Partie 3: Charges maximales en service (ISO 8611-3:2011) Paletten fr den Gtertransport - Flachpaletten - Teil 3: Maximale Nutzlasten (ISO 8611-3:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENE

8、LEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre o

9、r to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the off

10、icial versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands

11、, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitatio

12、n in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 8611-3:2012: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EN ISO 8611-3:2012 (E) 3

13、 Foreword The text of ISO 8611-3:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallets for unit load methods of materials handling” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 8611-3:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” the s

14、ecretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention

15、 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

16、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan

17、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 8611-3:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 8611-3:2012 without any modification. iiBS EN ISO 8611-3:2012EN ISO 8611-3:2012 (E)Copyright Europ

18、ean Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-3:2011ISO 8611-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3

19、Terms and definitions .1 4 Determination of maximum working load with known payloads .3 4.1 General .3 4.2 Pallets for handling of goods with racking and stacking4 4.3 Pallets for handling of goods with stacking without racking .4 4.4 Pallets for handling without racking or stacking .6 4.5 Determina

20、tion of maximum working load.6 5 Test report6 Annex A (informative) The effect of packaging design, pallet stiffness and load stabilizer selection on the deformation of unit loads in warehouse storage racks 7 Bibliography9 BS EN ISO 8611-3:2012ISO 8611-3:2011(E)iiiiiivCopyright European Committee fo

21、r Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-3:2011ISO 8611-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction The forces to which pallets are exposed during use vary significantly. The test p

22、rocedures described in ISO 8611-1 are approximate simulations of pallet use. These tests help the pallet designer to establish an initial acceptable balance between the cost and the performance of a pallet design. It is intended that all results of tests performed using this protocol be confirmed an

23、d verified using field trials before publication of performance or the commercial implementation of a new pallet design. The nominal load, determined according to this test protocol, does not represent a payload and cannot be verified using field trials. The nominal load is a minimum payload level f

24、or use in determining maximum working load according to the procedures in this part of ISO 8611. The maximum working load can be verified for a specified payload and intended use, using field trials. It is intended that the publication of the maximum working load include a description of the payload

25、 and the intended modes of use of the pallet. It is essential to exercise care when comparing the results of tests with historic experience using existing pallet designs. User expectations of pallet performance vary. Some require greater and some accept lower levels of performance. Users are accepti

26、ng different levels of risk when using pallets. Because of the varied performance expectations of pallet users, the results of tests might not always reflect the users perception of pallet performance in use. The nominal load might not reflect users perception of pallet performance because the nomin

27、al load does not represent a payload. It is intended that maximum working loads be used to compare with the historic performance of existing pallet designs. Regarding the use of the ISO 8611 series, ISO 8611-1 describes the test methods, ISO 8611-2 describes the performance requirements and selectio

28、n of tests, and this part of ISO 8611 describes tests for determining maximum working loads for known payloads. ISO 8611-1 and ISO 8611-2 are required for determining nominal load. The nominal load is the lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (e

29、xcluding concentrated loads). ISO 8611-1, ISO 8611-2 and this part of ISO 8611 are required for determining maximum working loads for known payloads. The nominal load for the intended use is established by the selection of tests in ISO 8611-1 and the performance requirement is established from crite

30、ria in ISO 8611-2. The following three types of intended use with specified support conditions are defined: handling of loaded pallets with racking and stacking; handling of loaded pallets without racking; handling of loaded pallets without racking or stacking. To determine the maximum working load

31、by testing in this part of ISO 8611, the deflection under the known payload cannot exceed the limiting deflection (see 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4) established in ISO 8611-1 and ISO 8611-2. The maximum working load is the greatest payload that a pallet can be permitted to carry in a specific loading and suppor

32、t condition. BS ISO 8611-3:2011ISO 8611-3:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedGuidance is given in Annex A as to the general effect on performance of different load types and stabilization methods. These can only give guidance as to the likely result from tests with the known payload. Other tests

33、 for durability evaluation are specified in ISO 8611-1. BS EN ISO 8611-3:2012ISO 8611-3:2011(E)ivCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-3:2011INTERNATIONAL S

34、TANDARD ISO 8611-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 3: Maximum working loads 1 Scope This part of ISO 8611 specifies the determination of maximum working load for new flat pallets with known payloads in different handling environments. It is not

35、intended to apply to pallets with a fixed superstructure or a rigid, self-supporting container that can be mechanically attached to the pallet and which contributes to the strength of the pallet. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this

36、document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary ISO 8611-1, Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 1: Test methods IS

37、O 8611-2, Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 2: Performance requirements and selection of tests 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 and the following apply. 3.1 breaking of one component fracture of a structural element

38、which significantly affects the strength, stiffness or functionality of a pallet 3.2 concentrated load load concentrated over an area of less than 50 % of the pallet top deck ISO 445:2008, definition 2.3 3.3 maximum working load greatest payload that a pallet is permitted to carry in a specific load

39、ing and support condition NOTE 1 This varies according to the type, distribution, arrangement and means of stabilization of the load and the system of support, and can be lower or higher than the nominal load (see ISO 8611-2 and this part of ISO 8611). NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.

40、7. BS EN ISO 8611-3:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-3:2011ISO 8611-3:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3.4 nominal load R lowest safe load val

41、ue for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads) NOTE 1 “Specified support conditions” refers to the range of conditions of use in 7.1 of ISO 8611-2:2011. NOTE 2 Nominal load does not represent an actual payload on a pallet in use. The nominal l

42、oad is used for comparing the performance of different pallets. NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.2. 3.5 payload Q load carried by the pallet in use ISO 445:2008, definition 2.8 NOTE This can be above, identical to or below the nominal load. 3.6 platen solid, rigid surface on a test mac

43、hine used for applying a load to test a sample pallet 3.7 racking storage of unit loads in drive-in or beam racks with free, unsupported spans ISO 445:2008, definition A.3.1 3.8 safety factor ratio of the ultimate load to the nominal load NOTE In ISO 8611 (all parts), this ratio is at least 2,0. 3.9

44、 solid load single, compact, rigid, homogeneous load, supported by all the blocks and/or stringers (bearers) of the pallet NOTE Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.6. 3.10 stacking placing of pallets with unit loads one upon the other without recourse to intermediate shelves or racking NOTE Adap

45、ted from ISO 445:2008, definition A.2.1. 3.11 stiffness relative deformation of a pallet or component under load NOTE High stiffness means small displacement, deflection or deformation for a given load. 3.12 test load P load applicators, the load board or load box and the applied load itself BS EN I

46、SO 8611-3:2012ISO 8611-3:2011(E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-3:2011ISO 8611-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 33.13 ultimate load U load at wh

47、ich compression, displacement or deflection is no longer contained, resulting in the destruction of the specimen or breaking of one component, or when displacement, deformation or deflection becomes excessive NOTE See Table 1 of ISO 8611-2:2011. 3.14 uniformly distributed bonded load load spread eve

48、nly across the full surface of the pallet top deck, where the pattern of each single layer changes, so that the packages are interlocked 3.15 uniformly distributed unbonded load load spread evenly across the full surface of the pallet top deck where the packages are not interlocked, bound or connected 4 Determination of maximum working load with known payloads 4.1 General Conditions of intended use are given in Table 1. Table 1 Conditions of intended use Special situation Handling activity Racking and stackingStacking without rackingWithout racking or stacking Conveyor Sling Racking 1b