BS EN ISO 8611-2-2012 Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Performance requirements and selection of tests《物料运输用托盘 平托盘 性能要求与试验选择》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 8611-2:2011Pallets for materials handling Flat palletsPart 2: Performance requirements andselection of testsBS EN ISO 8611-2:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardi

2、zation Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 8611-2:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 8611-2:2012. It is identical to ISO 8611-2:2011. It supersed

3、es BS ISO 8611-2:2011, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/0/-/11, Packaging Wood.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec

4、essary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76931 3ICS 55.180.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard

5、 was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2011.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected30 June 2013 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 8611-2:2011 as BS EN ISO 8611-2:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provid

6、ed by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 8611-2 August 2012 ICS 55.180.20 English Version Pallets for materials handling - Flat pallets - Part 2: Performance requirement

7、s and selection of tests (ISO 8611-2:2011) Palettes pour la manutention - Palettes plates - Partie 2: Exigences de performance et slection des essais (ISO 8611-2:2011) Paletten fr den Gtertransport - Flachpaletten - Teil 2: Leistungsanforderungen und Auswahl von Prfungen (ISO 8611-2:2011) This Europ

8、ean Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conce

9、rning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member int

10、o its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, G

11、ermany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE

12、 FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 8611-2:2012: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for

13、ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EN ISO 8611-2:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 8611-2:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallets for unit load methods of materials handling” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO

14、) and has been taken over as EN ISO 8611-2:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 20

15、13, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent righ

16、ts. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,

17、 Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 8611-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO

18、 8611-2:2012 without any modification. iiBS EN ISO 8611-2:2012EN ISO 8611-2:2012 (E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-2:2011ISO 8611-2:2011(E) ISO 2011

19、All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test conditions 3 4.1 General .3 4.2 Wooden pallets 3 4.3 Metal pallets .3 4.4 Plastic pallets.3 4.5 Paper pallets 4 4.6 Wood-based composite pallets .4 5 Number of replicate

20、s.4 6 Performance requirements.4 7 Selection of the tests 7 7.1 Intended use 7 7.2 Handling of goods with racking and stacking8 7.3 Handling of goods with stacking without racking .8 7.4 Handling of goods without racking or stacking.8 7.5 Special applications 8 8 Test load Nominal load.9 8.1 Strengt

21、h tests 9 8.2 Ultimate load, U .9 8.3 Stiffness tests 9 8.4 Nominal load 9 9 Duration for static stiffness tests 10 10 Number of impacts for dynamic tests .10 11 Test report10 Annex A (informative) Plots of typical force versus deformation from pallet tests showing the deformation of ultimate load,

22、U11 Bibliography12 BS ISO 8611-2:2011ISO 8611-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test conditions 3 4.1 General .3 4.2 Wooden pallets 3 4.3 Metal pallets .3 4.4 Plastic pallets.3 4.5 Paper pa

23、llets 4 4.6 Wood-based composite pallets .4 5 Number of replicates.4 6 Performance requirements.4 7 Selection of the tests 7 7.1 Intended use 7 7.2 Handling of goods with racking and stacking8 7.3 Handling of goods with stacking without racking .8 7.4 Handling of goods without racking or stacking.8

24、7.5 Special applications 8 8 Test load Nominal load.9 8.1 Strength tests 9 8.2 Ultimate load, U .9 8.3 Stiffness tests 9 8.4 Nominal load 9 9 Duration for static stiffness tests 10 10 Number of impacts for dynamic tests .10 11 Test report10 Annex A (informative) Plots of typical force versus deforma

25、tion from pallet tests showing the deformation of ultimate load, U11 Bibliography12 BS EN ISO 8611-2:2012ISO 8611-2:2011(E)iiiivCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS

26、 ISO 8611-2:2011ISO 8611-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction The forces to which pallets are exposed during use vary significantly. The test procedures described in ISO 8611-1 are approximate simulations of pallet use. These tests help the pallet designer to establish an initial acc

27、eptable balance between the cost and the performance of a pallet design. It is intended that all results of tests performed using this protocol be confirmed and verified using field trials before publication of performance or the commercial implementation of a new pallet design. The nominal load, de

28、termined according to this test protocol, does not represent a payload and cannot be verified using field trials. The nominal load is a minimum payload level for use in determining maximum working load according to the procedures in ISO 8611-3. The maximum working load can be verified for a specifie

29、d payload and intended use, using field trials. It is intended that the publication of the maximum working load include a description of the payload and the intended modes of use of the pallet. It is essential to exercise care when comparing the results of tests with historic experience using existi

30、ng pallet designs. User expectations of pallet performance vary. Some require greater and some accept lower levels of performance. Users are accepting different levels of risk when using pallets. Because of the varied performance expectations of pallet users, the results of tests might not always re

31、flect the users perception of pallet performance in use. The nominal load might not reflect users perception of pallet performance because the nominal load does not represent a payload. It is intended that maximum working loads be used to compare with the historic performance of existing pallet desi

32、gns. Regarding the use of the ISO 8611 series, ISO 8611-1 describes the test methods, this part of ISO 8611 describes the performance requirements and selection of tests, and ISO 8611-3 describes tests for determining maximum working loads for known payloads. ISO 8611-1 and this part of ISO 8611 are

33、 required for determining nominal load. The nominal load is the lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads). ISO 8611-1, this part of ISO 8611 and ISO 8611-3 are required for determining maximum working loads for known p

34、ayloads. The nominal load for the intended use is established by the selection of tests in ISO 8611-1 and the performance requirement is established from criteria in this part of ISO 8611. The following three types of intended use with specified support conditions are defined: handling of loaded pal

35、lets with racking and stacking; handling of loaded pallets without racking; handling of loaded pallets without racking or stacking. To determine the maximum working load through testing given in ISO 8611-3, the deflection under the known payload cannot exceed the limiting deflection (see 4.2, 4.3 an

36、d 4.4 of ISO 8611-3:2011) established in ISO 8611-1 and this part of ISO 8611. The maximum working load is the greatest payload that a pallet can be permitted to carry in a specific loading and support condition. BS ISO 8611-2:2011ISO 8611-2:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedGuidance is given i

37、n Annex A of ISO 8611-3:2011 as to the general effect on performance of different load types and stabilization methods. These can only give guidance as to the likely result from tests with the known payload. Other tests for durability evaluation are specified in ISO 8611-1. BS EN ISO 8611-2:2012ISO

38、8611-2:2011(E)ivCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-2:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8611-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Pallets for materials ha

39、ndling Flat pallets Part 2: Performance requirements and selection of tests 1 Scope This part of ISO 8611 specifies the performance requirements to establish nominal loads for new flat pallets. It also specifies the tests required for new flat pallets in various handling environments and the perform

40、ance requirements for tests with payloads. It is not intended to apply to pallets with a fixed superstructure or a rigid, self-supporting container that can be mechanically attached to the pallet and which contributes to the strength of the pallet. 2 Normative references The following referenced doc

41、uments are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary ISO 8611-1, Pallets for ma

42、terials handling Flat pallets Part 1: Test methods ISO 8611-3, Pallets for materials handling Flat pallets Part 3: Maximum working loads 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 and the following apply. 3.1 breaking of one component fractu

43、re of a structural element which significantly affects the strength, stiffness or functionality of a pallet 3.2 concentrated load load concentrated over an area of less than 50 % of the pallet top deck ISO 445:2008, definition 2.3 3.3 maximum working load greatest payload that a pallet is permitted

44、to carry in a specific loading and support condition NOTE 1 This varies according to the type, distribution, arrangement and means of stabilization of the load and the system of support, and can be lower or higher than the nominal load (see, for example, Clauses 4 and 6 and see also ISO 8611-3). NOT

45、E 2 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.7. BS EN ISO 8611-2:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 8611-2:2011ISO 8611-2:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights res

46、erved3.4 nominal load R lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads) NOTE 1 “Specified support conditions” refers to the range of conditions of use in 7.1 of this part of ISO 8611. NOTE 2 Nominal load does not represent a

47、n actual payload on a pallet in use. The nominal load is used for comparing the performance of different pallets. NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.2. 3.5 payload Q load carried by the pallet in use ISO 445:2008, definition 2.8 NOTE This can be above, identical to or below the nominal l

48、oad. 3.6 platen solid, rigid surface on a test machine used for applying a load to test a sample pallet 3.7 racking storage of unit loads in drive-in or beam racks with free, unsupported spans ISO 445:2008, definition A.3.1 3.8 safety factor ratio of the ultimate load to the nominal load NOTE In ISO

49、 8611 (all parts), this ratio is at least 2,0. 3.9 solid load single, compact, rigid, homogeneous load, supported by all the blocks and/or stringers (bearers) of the pallet NOTE Adapted from ISO 445:2008, definition 2.6. 3.10 stacking placing of pallets with unit loads one upon the other without recourse to intermed