BS EN ISO 15641-2001 Milling cutters for high speed machining - Safety requirements《高速切削机床用铣刀 安全要求》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 15641:2001 Milling cutters for high speed machining Safety requirements The European Standard EN ISO 15641:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.100.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN ISO 15641:2001 This British Standa

2、rd, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee and comes into effect on 24 September 2001 BSI 24 September 2001 ISBN 0 580 37320 7 National foreword This British St

3、andard is the official English language version of EN ISO 15641:2001. It is identical with EN ISO 15641:2001 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MTE/5, Engineers rotary cutting tools of high speed steel, which has the responsibility to: A list of organization

4、s represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement these internationalor European publications may be found in the the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, o

5、r by using the “Find“ facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer

6、immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate

7、them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publicati

8、on Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO15641 September2001 ICS25.100.20 Englishversion MillingcuttersforhighspeedmachiningSafetyrequirements (ISO15641:2001) FraisespourusinagegrandevitessePrescriptionsde scurit(ISO15641:2001) FrswerkzeugefrdieHochgeschwindigkeit

9、sbearbeitung SicherheitstechnischeAnforderungen(ISO15641:2001) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon7March2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandb

10、ibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotif

11、iedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORST

12、ANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO15641:2001EENISO15641:2001(E) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction3 1Scope. .3 2

13、Normativereferences 5 3Termsanddefinitions . 6 3.1Toolclassificationterms 6 3.1.1solidoronepiececutter .6 3.1.2compositecutter. 6 3.1.3complexcutter. .6 3.2Typesoffixing . .6 3.2.1bonding .6 3.2.2separable 6 3.2.3frictionlock .6 3.2.4formlock .6 3.3Termsforthedesignationofgeometricparameters. 6 3.3.

14、1maximumdiameteroftool D.6 3.3.2criticaldiameter dforbending . .8 3.3.3protrudingtoollength l p .8 3.4Termsforthedesignationofmechanicalparameters 8 3.4.1massofmillingcutter m w 8 3.4.2componentmasses m t 8 3.5Termsforthedesignationofloadparameters 8 3.5.1maximumrotationalspeed n max 8 3.5.2rotation

15、alspeedfortest 8 4Hazards . .8 4.1Effectswhichgeneratehazards .8 4.1.1Primaryhazards . .8 4.1.2Handlinghazards 8 4.2.1Bodyfailure .9 4.2.2Failureofcuttingelementfixing . .9 4.2.3Failureofcuttingelement 9 5Safetyrequirementsand/ormeasures . .9 5.1Providingsafetybydesign .9 5.2Importanceofbalance. .9

16、5.3Integrityofmanufacturing .10 5.4Centrifugalforcetypetesting 10 5.4.1Generalrequirements 10 5.4.2Testingofsolid,onepieceorcompositecutters .10 5.4.3Testingofcomplexcutters 11 5.4.4Durationofrotationalspeedfortest . .11 6Markingofmillingcutters .11 7Documentationandinformationforuse . 11 AnnexA (in

17、formative) Indicationsfordesignrelativetohazards .12 A.1Indicationsfordesignrelativetohazards .12 A.2Totaltoolmassortoolcomponentmasses .12 A.3Unbalance. .12 A.4Tooldesign . .12 AnnexB (informative) Explanatorynotestothescope.14ENISO15641:2001(E) 3 Foreword ThetextofENISO15641:2001hasbeenpreparedbyT

18、echnicalCommitteeCEN/TC143“MachinetoolsSafety“, thesecretariatofwhichisheldbySNV,incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC29“Smalltools“. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyMarch2002,andconflictingnationals

19、tandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby March2002. TheannexesAandBareinformative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,I

20、reland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden, SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Introduction Thisstandardisintendedtoassistdesigners,manufacturersandsuppliersofmillingcutterstosatisfytheirobligations inrespectofhighspeedmachiningapplications.Itdefinesrequirementsfordesign,confirmat

21、iontestingand informationforusethatmanufacturersandsuppliersaretoprovide. Theprimeobjectiveistoensurethatmillingcutters,employedforhighspeedmachining,willbeabletosafely withstandthequadraticincreaseincentrifugalforceresultingfromtheirapplicationatincreasedrotationalspeed. Itisbaseduponacollaborative

22、Germanresearchprojectestablishedtoinvestigatethesuitabilityofmillingcuttersfor useinhighspeedmachiningoperations. Thisstandarddealsonlywiththetoolandisnotsufficientalonetoensurethesafety.Thesafetyofmachineryisdealt withbyotherspecificsafetystandards. Thisstandardtakesaccountofcuttingconditionsonlyby

23、requiringthemanufacturertoprovideapplicationinformation. InformativeannexAprovidesguidanceforreductionofhazardsbydesignandinformativeannexBexplainsthescope limits. 1Scope Thisstandarddealswiththeprinciplehazardsarisingfromuseofmillingcutters,e.g.millingcuttersaccordingto ISO3855,usedforhighspeedmach

24、ining(chipremovalmachiningatincreasedperipheralspeeds)onmetalworking machinetoolsandprescribessafetyrequirements. Itspecifiesdesignmethods,centrifugalforcetestprocedures,operationallimitsandtheprovisionofinformationthat willleadtominimisationoreliminationofthesehazards. Thestandardisapplicabletomill

25、ingcutterswhichareintendedforoperationatspeedsinaccordancewithfigures1 and2. Thesefiguresrespectivelydefinetherotationalspeedlimitsandperipheralspeedlimitsforspecificcutterdiameters. NOTEAdetailedexplanationisprovidedinannexB.ENISO15641:2001(E) 4 aMaximumdiameteroftool D inmm bRotationalspeed n inmi

26、n 1 Figure1Rotationalspeed n vsmaximumdiameteroftool DENISO15641:2001(E) 5 aMaximumdiameteroftool D inmm bVelocityat D (speed v D atmaximumdiameteroftoolD)in min m Figure2Velocityat D(speed v D )vsmaximumdiameteroftool D 2Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreferencep

27、rovisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.Fordated references,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropeanStandardonly whenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferen

28、cesthelatesteditionofthepublicationreferred toapplies(includingamendments). EN1070 SafetyofmachineryTerminology ISO19401:1986 MechanicalvibrationBalancequalityrequirementsofrigidrotorsPart1:Determinationofpermissible residualunbalance ISO30021 BasicquantitiesincuttingandgrindingPart1:Geometryoftheac

29、tivepartofcuttingtoolsGeneralterms, referencesystems,toolandworkingangles,chipbreakers ISO3855 MillingcuttersNomenclatureENISO15641:2001(E) 6 3Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisstandardthetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN1070,ISO30021andthefollowingapply: 3.1Toolclassificationterms 3.1.1 solidorone

30、piececutter millingcutterwhichhasnodetachableparts.Itsbodyandcuttingpartorpartsareonepiece. 3.1.2 compositecutter millingcutterinwhichthecuttingpartorparts(e.g.tips)areattachedtothebodybymaterialbonding(e.g.bybrazing). 3.1.3 complexcutter millingcutterinwhichoneormoreparts(e.g.indexableinserts,cartr

31、idges,clampingelements)areattachedtothe bodybymechanicalfastening(e.g.keybolt,screwboltorclampboltfixingwhichoperatebyfrictionlockorformlock principles). 3.2Typesoffixing 3.2.1 bonding securingofcutterpartswithmaterialbondingsuchasbrazing,weldingorgluing. 3.2.2 separable securingofcutterpartsbydetac

32、hablefastening(s).Examplesarefrictionlockandformlockfixings,oracombination ofthese,whichcanbemountedanddetachedrepeatedly. 3.2.3 frictionlock meansofsecuringcutterpartswherefrictionforcepreventsthemovementofpartsinuse. 3.2.4 formlock meansofsecuringcutterpartswheretheshapeandarrangementofpartspreven

33、tstheirmovementinuse. 3.3Termsforthedesignationofgeometricparameters 3.3.1 maximumdiameteroftool D maximumdiameterofthecirclecreatedbycutterrotation.See D infigures3,4and5.ENISO15641:2001(E) 7 Figure3Exampleforsolid,onepieceorcompositecutter Figure4Exampleforcomplexcutter Figure5Examplefortaperedsol

34、id,onepieceorcompositecutterENISO15641:2001(E) 8 3.3.2 criticaldiameter dforbending diameterexposedtogreateststressofbendingduetocentrifugalandcuttingforces.See d infigures3,4and5. 3.3.3 protrudingtoollength l p freeaccessiblelengthofamountedcuttermeasuredalongitsaxisofrotation.See l p infigures3,4a

35、nd5. 3.4Termsforthedesignationofmechanicalparameters 3.4.1 massofmillingcutter m w massofacompletelymountedandreadytousemillingcutter. 3.4.2 componentmasses m t massesofcomponentpartsofacomplexmillingcutter. 3.5Termsforthedesignationofloadparameters 3.5.1 maximumrotationalspeed n max maximumrotation

36、alspeedindicatedbythemanufacturerforaspecificmillingcutter. 3.5.2 rotationalspeedfortest speeddeterminedbymultiplying n max bytherotationalspeedsafetyfactorusedforspeedtesting. 4Hazards 4.1Effectswhichgeneratehazards 4.1.1Primaryhazards Whenmillingcuttersareappliedathighperipheralspeeds,theforcesass

37、ociatedwithnormalmachiningareexceeded bythesquaredincreaseincentrifugalforceduetothehighrotationalspeedsemployed.Otherforces,forexample: throughtheaccelerationofthecuttertoworkingspeed,clampingatthedriveend,prestressingforcesincomplex cuttersandfluidforcesfromairorcoolingliquidshavealsotobeconsidere

38、d.Thecentrifugalforcewillusuallybethe primaryloadandthehighlevelsofenergyappliedleadstohighstructuralloadswhichcan,intheextreme,burstthe cutter. Highlevelsofrotationalenergyarecontainedwithinmillingcutterswhentheyareappliedathighperipheralcutting speed.Intheeventofcutterfailure,thisenergyislikelytob

39、ereleased.Thereleasedcomponentmasseswillmove,in therotationalortranslatorydirections,awayfromtheiroriginalaxisofrotationathighvelocitiesandwithunpredictable trajectories.Theirenergiescanonlybedissipatedthroughsingleormultiplecollisionsordeformationofmachineparts intheirmotionpaths. Dependantuponthem

40、odeofcutterfailure,thereleasedenergycanbesufficienttodestroyandpenetratemachine parts.Thismayleadtoseriousinjuryofpersonsatornearthemachine.Itisinconceivablethatoperatingpersonnel willbeabletostopthemachineortoleavethedangerzone,intimetoavoidsuchinjury,becauseofthedynamicsof thesehighspeedmachiningo

41、perations. 4.1.2Handlinghazards Hazardsforoperatingpersonnelalsoarisefromthehandlingofmillingcuttersasmaybenecessarybothbeforeand aftertheiruseinmachiningoperations(e.g.transport,assembly,mounting/dismounting,clampingatthemachine spindle)(seeclause7).ENISO15641:2001(E) 9 4.2Modesofcutterfailure Fail

42、ureofmillingcutters,usedathighperipheralspeeds,canbeattributedtothefollowingfundamentalcauses: 4.2.1Bodyfailure Deformationorburstingofthemillingcutterbodyasaresultofstructuraloverload.Thiscanresultfrom: Longprotrudingcutterswhichfailduetocuttingforces,centrifugalforcesorbyunbalance.Themountingof su

43、chlongprotrudingcuttersiscriticalsincetheintroductionofeccentricitycanleadtofailureatsubstantially reducedrotationalspeedduetooutofbalanceforces. Shortprotrudingcutterswhichfailwhenstressesduetothecentrifugalforceexceedtheultimatestrengthof thecutterbodymaterial. 4.2.2Failureofcuttingelementfixing Incomplexcutterstheconnectionbetweenthebodyandthecuttingelement(e.g.indexableinsertorcartridge)fails duetocentrifugaland/orcuttingforcescausingstructuraloverload(e.g.bydeformationorfracture). 4.2.3Failureofcuttingelement Structuraloverloadofthecuttingelementduetocentrifugaland/orcutt