BS EN ISO 14020-2001 Environmental labels and declarations General principles《环境标志和声明 通则》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 14020:2001 Environmental labels and declarations General principles The European Standard EN 14020:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.020.50 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN ISO 14020:2001 This British Standard, havi

2、ng been prepared under the direction of the Management Systems Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 November 2001 BSI 12 November 2001 ISBN 0 580 38681 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official En

3、glish language version of EN ISO 14020:2001. It is identical with ISO 14020:2000 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ES/3, Environmental labelling, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on reque

4、st to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of th

5、e BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid

6、 enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages Thi

7、s document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication

8、Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO14020 October2001 ICS13.020.50 Englishversion EnvironmentallabelsanddeclarationsGeneralprinciples(ISO 14020:2000) EtiquettesetdclarationsenvironnementalesPrincipes gnraux(ISO14020:2000) UmweltkennzeichnungenunddeklarationenAll

9、gemeine Grundstze(ISO14020:2000) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon30September2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesc

10、oncernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentreh

11、asthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPE

12、NDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO14020:2001EForeword ThetextoftheInternationalStandardfromTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC207“Environmental man

13、agement“oftheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)hasbeentakenoverasan EuropeanStandardbyCMC. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofan identicaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyApril2002,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbe withdrawnatthelates

14、tbyApril2002. NOTEFROMCMC: TheforewordissusceptibletobeamendedonreceptionoftheGermanlanguage version.Theconfirmedoramendedforeword,andwhenappropriate,thenormativeannexZAforthe referencestointernationalpublicationswiththeirrelevantEuropeanpublicationswillbecirculatedwith theGermanversion. Accordingto

15、theCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthe followingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic, Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands, Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKi

16、ngdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO14020:2000hasbeenapprovedbyCENasaEuropean Standardwithoutanymodification. ENISO14020:2001 Reference number ISO 14020:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14020 Second edition 2000-09-15 Environmental labels and declarations General principle

17、s tiquettes et dclarations environnementales Principes gnraux ENISO14020:2001 ii ENISO14020:2001 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally

18、 carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the w

19、ork. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical

20、committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent righ

21、ts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 14020 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 3, Environmental labelling. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO

22、14020:1998), which has been technically revised. ENISO14020:2001 iv Introduction Environmental labels and declarations are one of the tools of environmental management, which is the subject of the ISO 14000 series. Environmental labels and declarations provide information about a product or service

23、in terms of its overall environmental character, a specific environmental aspect, or any number of aspects. Purchasers and potential purchasers can use this information in choosing the products or services they desire based on environmental, as well as other, considerations. The provider of the prod

24、uct or service hopes the environmental label or declaration will be effective in influencing the purchasing decision in favour of its product or service. If the environmental label or declaration has this effect, the market share of the product or service can increase and other providers may respond

25、 by improving the environmental aspects of their products or services to enable them to use environmental labels or make environmental declarations, resulting in reduced environmental stress from that product or service category. ENISO14020:2001 INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR ISO 02041:(0002)E1 Environmenta

26、l labels and declarations General principles 1 Scope This International Standard establishes guiding principles for the development and use of environmental labels and declarations. It is intended that other applicable standards in the ISO 14020 series be used in conjunction with this International

27、Standard. This International Standard is not intended for use as a specification for certification and registration purposes. NOTE Other International Standards in the series are intended to be consistent with the principles set forth in this International Standard. Other standards currently in the

28、ISO 14020 series are ISO 14021, ISO 14024 and ISO/TR 14025 (see Bibliography). 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 environmental label environmental declaration claim which indicates the environmental aspects of a pr

29、oduct or service NOTE An environmental label or declaration may take the form of a statement, symbol or graphic on a product or package label, in product literature, in technical bulletins, in advertising or in publicity, amongst other things. 2.2 life cycle consecutive and interlinked stages of a p

30、roduct system, from raw material acquisition or generation of natural resources to the final disposal ISO 14040:1997 NOTE “Product“ includes any goods or service. 2.3 environmental aspect element of an organizations activities, products or services which can interact with the environment 3 Objective

31、 of environmental labels and declarations The overall goal of environmental labels and declarations is, through communication of verifiable and accurate information, that is not misleading, on environmental aspects of products and services, to encourage the demand for and supply of those products an

32、d services that cause less stress on the environment, thereby stimulating the potential for market-driven continuous environmental improvement. ENISO14020:2001 2 4 General principles 4.1 General All of the principles set out in 4.2 to 4.10 are applicable to all environmental labels and declarations.

33、 Where other International Standards in the ISO 14020 series provide more specific requirements than ISO 14020, such specific requirements shall be followed. 4.2 Principle 1 4.2.1 Statement Environmental labels and declarations shall be accurate, verifiable, relevant and not misleading. 4.2.2 Specif

34、ic considerations The usefulness and effectiveness of environmental labels and declarations depend upon the extent to which they convey reliable and meaningful information about the environmental aspects of a product or service. Environmental labels and declarations shall provide accurate informatio

35、n about the environmental aspects of a product or service. The factual and technical basis for environmental labels and declarations shall be verifiable. Environmental labels and declarations shall provide information that is relevant; they shall address only nontrivial environmental aspects related

36、 to the actual circumstances of natural resource extraction, manufacture, distribution, use or disposal associated with the product or service. A periodic review of the basis for environmental labels and declarations should occur to account for innovation. Information should be gathered at a frequen

37、cy consistent with the pace of innovation. Environmental labels and declarations shall be understandable and not likely to mislead the intended purchaser of the product or service. 4.3 Principle 2 4.3.1 Statement Procedures and requirements for environmental labels and declarations shall not be prep

38、ared, adopted, or applied with a view to, or with the effect of, creating unnecessary obstacles to international trade. 4.3.2 Specific considerations For guidance on the above principle, the applicable provisions and interpretations of the World Trade Organization should be taken into account. 4.4 P

39、rinciple 3 4.4.1 Statement Environmental labels and declarations shall be based on scientific methodology that is sufficiently thorough and comprehensive to support the claim and that produces results that are accurate and reproducible. 4.4.2 Specific considerations The information supporting enviro

40、nmental labels and declarations shall be gathered and assessed using methods that are recognized and widely accepted in scientific or professional disciplines or are otherwise scientifically defensible. The methods should follow recognized standards that have international acceptability (these may i

41、nclude international, regional or national standards) or be industry or trade methods which have been subjected to peer review, where such standards or methods exist. The methods used shall be appropriate to the claim and shall provide information that is relevant and necessary to support the claim

42、as well as accurate and reproducible. ENISO14020:2001 3 4.5 Principle 4 4.5.1 Statement Information concerning the procedure, methodology, and any criteria used to support environmental labels and declarations shall be available and provided upon request to all interested parties. 4.5.2 Specific con

43、siderations The information shall include underlying principles, assumptions and boundary conditions. This information should be sufficient and reasonably comprehensible to allow purchasers, potential purchasers and other interested parties to evaluate and compare environmental labels and declaratio

44、ns in terms of scientific principles, relevance and overall validity, and to assess whether an environmental label or declaration is consistent with the applicable standards within the ISO 14020 series. This information shall also clearly indicate whether the environmental label or declaration is a

45、self-declared environmental claim or is based on independent validation. The means of obtaining this information shall be made known to purchasers and potential purchasers wherever the product or service is marketed. This can be achieved by the various means discussed in 4.10. There may be limits to

46、 the availability of specific information due to confidential business information, intellectual property rights or similar legal restrictions. 4.6 Principle 5 4.6.1 Statement The development of environmental labels and declarations shall take into consideration all relevant aspects of the life cycl

47、e of the product. 4.6.2 Specific considerations The life cycle of a product or service ranges from activities associated with the production and delivery of raw materials or generation of natural resources to the final disposal. Consideration of the life cycle of a product or service allows a party

48、developing an environmental label or declaration to take into account a range of factors that impact on the environment. It further allows that party to identify the potential for one impact to be increased in the process of decreasing another. Consideration should be given to the life cycle of a product or service in order to help identify appropriate and relevant characteristics and criteria for environmental labels and declarations or to determine the significance of an en