BS EN ISO 10545-14-2015 Ceramic tiles Determination of resistance to stains《瓷砖 耐沾污性的测定》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015Ceramic tilesPart 14: Determination of resistance tostainsBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10545-14:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 10545-14:1997 which is withdrawn.The UK p

2、articipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/539, Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.

3、Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 81800 4 ICS 91.100.23 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authori

4、ty of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10545-14 October 2015 ICS 91.100.23 Supersedes EN ISO 10545-14:1997English Version Ceramic tiles - P

5、art 14: Determination of resistance to stains (ISO 10545-14:2015) Carreaux et dalles cramiques - Partie 14 : Dtermination de la rsistance aux taches (ISO 10545-14:2015) Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 14: Bestimmung der Bestndigkeit gegen Fleckenbildner (ISO 10545-14:2015) This European Standa

6、rd was approved by CEN on 31 July 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such

7、 national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own

8、language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Gr

9、eece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG

10、 CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10545-14:2015 EBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015EN ISO 10545-14:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 105

11、45-14:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189 “Ceramic tile” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 67 “Ceramic tiles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical t

12、ext or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsibl

13、e for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 10545-14:1997. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cypru

14、s, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United

15、Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10545-14:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10545-14:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 10545-14:2015ISO 10545-14:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative reference . 13 Principle 14 Staining agents . 14.1 Stains leaving a trace (pastes) . 14.2

16、Stains having chemical/oxidizing action 14.3 Stains forming a film 15 Cleaning . 25.1 Cleaning agents . 25.2 Cleaning procedures and apparatus . 25.2.1 Procedure A 25.2.2 Procedure B 25.2.3 Procedure C 25.2.4 Procedure D 25.3 Auxiliary apparatus . 36 Test specimens 37 Procedure. 37.1 Application of

17、the staining agent 37.2 Attempts to remove stains 38 Classification of results 39 Test report . 4Annex A (normative) Specifications for “green staining agent in light oil” 6Annex B (normative) Specifications for “red staining agent in light oil” 7Annex C (normative) Example of preparation of test so

18、lutions . 8 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015ISO 10545-14:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally c

19、arried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the wor

20、k. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the diffe

21、rent approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may

22、 be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patent

23、s).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles

24、 in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tiles This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10545-14:1995), which has been technically revised. It also in

25、corporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 10545-14:1995/Cor.1:1997.ISO 10545 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ceramic tiles: Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent po

26、rosity, apparent relative density and bulk density Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles Part 7: Determination o

27、f resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles Part 12: Determination of frost resistan

28、ce Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tilesiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015ISO 10545-14:2015(E) Part 16: Determination of small colour differences ISO 2015 A

29、ll rights reserved vBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015BS EN ISO 10545-14:2015Ceramic tiles Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains1 ScopeThis part of ISO 10545 specifies a method for determining the resistance to stains of the proper surface of ceramic tiles.2 Normative referenceThe following documents,

30、 in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 10545-7, Ceramic tiles Part

31、7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles3 PrincipleDetermination of the resistance to stains by maintaining test solutions and materials in contact with the proper surface of the tiles for a suitable length of time; the surfaces are then subjected to defined cleaning metho

32、ds, and finally inspected for visual changes.4 Staining agents1)4.1 Stains leaving a trace (pastes)4.1.1 Green staining agent in light oil, in accordance with the specifications of Annex A.4.1.2 Red staining agent in light oil (for green coloured tiles only), in accordance with the specifications of

33、 Annex B.4.2 Stains having chemical/oxidizing action4.2.1 Iodine, 13 g/l solution in alcohol.4.3 Stains forming a film4.3.1 Olive oil, according to the definitions of the International Olive Oil Agreement (2005).1) The stains specified are only examples of basic groups. There are many staining mater

34、ials which may, upon agreement by the parties concerned, be tested using the procedure specified in this part of ISO 10545.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10545-14:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10545-14:2015ISO 10545-14:2015(E)5 Cleaning5.1 Cleaning agents5.1.1 Hot water, at a temperatu

35、re of (55 5) C.5.1.2 Weak cleaning agent (a commercial agent), not containing abrasive, with a pH of 6,5 to 7,5.5.1.3 Strong cleaning agent (a commercial cleaning agent), containing abrasive, with a pH of 9 to 10. The cleaning agents used shall not contain hydrofluoric acid or its compounds.5.1.4 Su

36、itable solvents5.1.4.1 Hydrochloric acid solution, 3 % (v/v), prepared from concentrated hydrochloric acid ( = 1,19 g/ml) (see Annex C for preparation of the solution).5.1.4.2 Potassium hydroxide, 200 g/l solution. (see Annex C for preparation of the solution).5.1.4.3 Acetone.If other specific solve

37、nts are used, they shall be specified in the test report.5.2 Cleaning procedures and apparatus5.2.1 Procedure AClean the test specimen with running hot water (5.1.1) for 5 min, then wipe the surface with a damp cloth.5.2.2 Procedure BClean the test specimen manually with the weak cleaning agent (5.1

38、.2), using a natural, non-abrasive sponge or a cloth, then rinse the surface with running water, and finally wipe it with a damp cloth.5.2.3 Procedure CClean the test specimen mechanically with the strong cleaning agent (5.1.3). Example of apparatus includes rotating brush, with hard bristles, havin

39、g an 8 cm diameter, rotational frequency approximately 500 r/min, and tank for the cleaning agent, equipped with a suitable feeder and connected to the brush.Carry out cleaning for 2 min, then rinse the surface with running water and finally wipe it with a damp cloth.5.2.4 Procedure DImmerse the tes

40、t specimen for 24 h in a suitable solvent (5.1.4), then thoroughly rinse the surface with running water and finally wipe it with a damp cloth.All solvent should be used to remove the stain and should be tested successively. The use of the solvents will not obey a pre-established order.Cleaning is co

41、nsidered to be accomplished if any one of the solvents (5.1.4) removes the stain.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10545-14:2015ISO 10545-14:2015(E)5.3 Auxiliary apparatus5.3.1 Drying oven, capable of being operated at (105 5) C.Microwave, infrared, or other drying systems which allow shorter

42、drying times, may be used provided that it has been determined that the same results are obtained.6 Test specimensFive unused and undamaged test specimens shall be used, and they shall consist of whole tiles or cut tiles.For ceramic tiles that have some surface treatment, it should be tested upon ag

43、reement by the parties concerned.However, a sufficient surface area is required to ensure separation of the stains. If the tiles are too small, additional ones may be used. Do not use test specimens with surface defects. Thoroughly clean the surface with a suitable solvent, for example, ethanol. Dry

44、 each test specimens in the drying oven (5.3) maintained over (105 5) C during at least 2 h, and then, cool them until they reach room temperature. Test specimens shall be tested not later than 3 h after they have reached room temperature.If it is agreed to test tiles after abrasion (glazed and ungl

45、azed tiles), the samples shall be prepared according to the procedure specified in ISO 10545-7.The abrasion stage (cycles or revolutions) should be agreed by the parties concerned.7 Procedure7.1 Application of the staining agentSpread three or four drops of the paste (4.1.1 or 4.1.2) on the proper s

46、urface. Allow three or four drops of each of the liquids (4.2.1 and 4.3.1) to cover separate areas of the test surface. Place a convex watch glass with a diameter of approximately 30 mm (convex side down) on the applied drops, in order to spread them to an approximately circular area. Leave staining

47、 agents and the watch glass in place for 24 h.7.2 Attempts to remove stainsSubject the test specimens, treated according to 7.1, successively to the cleaning procedures described in 5.2 (procedures A, B, C, and D).After each cleaning procedure, dry the test specimens in the oven maintained over (105

48、 5) C during at least 2 h and subject them to a visual examination. Examine the surface with the naked eye or with spectacles, if usually worn, at a distance of 25 cm to 30 cm in artificial illumination minimum of 300 Ix.In the case of stains listed in 4.1, staining shall only be reported when the p

49、igment is visible. If there is no visible effect, i.e. if the stain has been removed, record the cleanability class according to Figure 1; if the stain is not removed, proceed to the following cleaning procedure.8 Classification of resultsIn consequence of the procedure described in 7.1 and 7.2, ceramic surfaces are divided into five classes given in Figure 1.Record the result for each test specimen (unabraded and, if agreed, after abrasion) with each staining agent.Class 5 corresponds to the greatest ease of removing the parti