BS EN ISO 2061-2015 Textiles Determination of twist in yarns Direct counting method《纺织品 纱线捻度的测定 直接计数法》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 2061:2015Textiles Determinationof twist in yarns Directcounting methodBS EN ISO 2061:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 2061:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 2061:2010 which is withdrawn.The UK participation

2、in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsibl

3、e for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 84860 5 ICS 59.080.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards

4、 Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 2061 July 2015 ICS 59.080.20 Supersedes EN ISO 2061:2010English Version Textiles - Determination of twist in yarns - Direct counting

5、 method (ISO 2061:2015) Textiles - Dtermination de la torsion des fils - Mthode par comptage direct (ISO 2061:2015) Textilien - Bestimmung der Drehung von Garnen - Direktes Zhlverfahren (ISO 2061:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 June 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with t

6、he CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Manageme

7、nt Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status

8、 as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,

9、Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN Al

10、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 2061:2015 EBS EN ISO 2061:2015EN ISO 2061:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 2061:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles” incollaboration wit

11、h Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products” the secretariat of which isheld by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national stand

12、ards shall be withdrawn atthe latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 2

13、061:2010. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fra

14、nce, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 2061:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2

15、061:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 2061:2015ISO 2061:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Principle 25 Apparatus . 36 Standard atmosphere 37 Sampling 38 Test specimens 48.1 Length . 48.1.1 Single spun yarns . 48.1.2 Single multifilament, plied,

16、and cabled yarns . 48.2 Selection 48.3 Number of test specimens . 49 Procedure 1 Determination of the direction of twist 510 Procedure 2 Determination of the amount of twist 610.1 Preliminary procedure . 610.2 Single, spun yarn . 610.3 Single, multifilament yarns . 610.4 Plied yarns 710.5 Cabled yar

17、ns 711 Calculation of results . 811.1 Average twist per specimen . 811.2 Average twist per sample. 811.3 Variation of observations . 811.4 Change in length on untwisting 811.5 Twist factor () . 912 Expression of results 913 Test report . 913.1 General . 913.2 Single yarns 913.3 Plied yarns . 1013.4

18、Cabled yarns . 10Annex A (informative) Suggested procedure for sampling 12Bibliography .13 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 2061:2015ISO 2061:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO memb

19、er bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, government

20、al and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance a

21、re described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is

22、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

23、on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assess

24、ment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 23, Fibres and yarns.This fourth edition can

25、cels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2061:2010), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 2061:2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2061:2015(E)Textiles Determination of twist in yarns Direct counting method1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for th

26、e determination of the direction of twist in yarns, the amount of twist, in terms of turns per unit length, and the change in length on untwisting, by the direct counting method.This International Standard is applicable toa) single yarns (spun and filament),b) plied yarns, andc) cabled yarns.Separat

27、e procedures are given for each type of yarn. The method is designed primarily for yarns in packages, but, with special precautions, the procedures can be used for yarns taken from fabrics. It is not suitable for the determination of twist in a monofilament.NOTE See also ISO 1890, which was prepared

28、 especially for the needs of glass textile technology, and ISO 7211-4.This International Standard covers the determination of twist in plied and cabled yarns as follows:a) in plied yarns: the final twist of the plied yarns and the original twist of the single yarn before plying;b) in cabled yarns: t

29、he final cabling twist of the yarn; the original twist of the plied yarn after plying, but prior to the last stage of processing; the twist of the single yarn before plying.If desired, the twist of single and plied yarn components, as they lie in the final structure, can be determined by the special

30、 procedure given in 10.5.7.This International Standard is not applicable, except by agreement, to yarns which stretch more than 0,5 % when the tension increases from 0,5 cN to 1,0 cN per unit linear density of the yarn expressed in tex. Such yarns can be tested under special conditions of tension wh

31、ich are accepted by all parties interested in the test results.This International Standard is not suitable for products of open-end spinning and intermingled (interlaced) multifilament yarns.This International Standard is not applicable to yarns which are too large to permit their being placed in th

32、e clamps of the testing apparatus without crushing or distortion severe enough to affect the test results.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition

33、cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 2061:2015ISO 2061:2015(E)ISO 2, Textiles Designation of the direction of twist in yarns and related productsISO 139, Textiles Standard atmo

34、spheres for conditioning and testing3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1twistnumber of turns about the axis of a yarn based on its nominal gauge length before untwistingNote 1 to entry: Twist should preferably be expressed as turns p

35、er metre (turns/m), but it may be expressed as turns per centimetre (turns/cm).3.2gauge lengthdistance between two effective clamping points of the test specimen mounted in the testing equipment3.3initial lengthlength of a test specimen under a specified pretension at the beginning of a test3.4chang

36、e in length on untwistingincrease or decrease in initial length observed when the specimen is untwisted Note 1 to entry: Expressed as the percentage extension, or contraction, based on the specimens initial length.3.5moisture equilibrium for testingstate reached when the rate of increase in mass of

37、a sample or specimen in a specified (test) atmosphere does not exceed the prescribed rate for the material being testedNote 1 to entry: See ISO 139.Note 2 to entry: A textile material is in moisture equilibrium with the ambient atmosphere when it does not exchange water with this atmosphere; its mas

38、s then remains constant as long as the experiment is carried out in an unchanged atmosphere. For test purposes, moisture equilibrium is reached by absorption, starting from a relatively low moisture content.3.6yarn packagelength or lengths of yarn in a form suitable for use, handling, storing, or sh

39、ippingNote 1 to entry: Packages may be comprised of unsupported yarn, such as balls, or supported yarn, such as skeins, cakes, bobbins, cops, cones, pirns, spools, tubes, or beams.3.7twist factormeasure of the spiralling orientation of the fibres in a spun yarn or of the filaments in a filament yarn

40、Note 1 to entry: The twist factor is related to the angle which fibres on the surface of the yarn make with the axis of the yarn and is a measure of the hardness of the resulting yarn due to twist.4 PrincipleThe twist in a known length of yarn is removed by rotating one end of the specimen with resp

41、ect to the other until the components of the yarn being tested are parallel. The exact number of turns required to remove the twist is reported in terms of turns per unit length of yarn.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 2061:2015ISO 2061:2015(E)5 Apparatus5.1 Twist counter, consisting of a pai

42、r of clamps, one of which is rotatable in either direction and positively connected to a revolution counter. The position of one or both clamps shall be adjustable to permit testing yarn lengths from 10 mm to 500 mm. There shall be no play in the clamp which might affect the gauge length.5.1.1 Means

43、 shall be provided for applying tension to the specimen and for rapidly determining the specimen length with an accuracy of 0,5 mm or 2 %, whichever is smaller.NOTE The limit of 2 % is consistent with the highest accuracy required in counting the number of turns in the specimen.5.1.2 The counting de

44、vice shall be capable of recording the number of revolutions of the rotatable clamp.5.1.3 If the contraction or extension of the untwisted specimen is to be measured, the movable but non-rotatable clamp shall be capable of travelling with essentially no friction.5.2 Dissecting needle.5.3 Means for m

45、agnifying the specimen being tested.5.4 Equipment for reeling laboratory sample skeins (optional).6 Standard atmosphere6.1 The standard atmospheres for preconditioning, conditioning, and testing shall be as specified in ISO 139.The amount of twist is not affected directly by changes in relative humi

46、dity, but since wide changes in humidity cause changes in the length of some materials, all determinations should be made on samples in equilibrium with the appropriate standard atmosphere.6.2 Generally, it is not necessary to precondition samples before conditioning for twist tests.7 Sampling7.1 Sa

47、mples shall be taken in one of the following ways:a) according to the directions, if any, given in the material specification;b) according to procedures approved by ISO for textile products, if directions on sampling are not included in the material specification;c) according to the method given in

48、Annex A, if neither a) nor b) is applicable.1) Bulk samples shall be taken as directed in A.1.2) Laboratory-sample packages shall be taken from the bulk sample as directed in A.2. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 2061:2015ISO 2061:2015(E)8 Test specimens8.1 Length8.1.1 Single spun yarnsThe in

49、itial length of the specimen shall be as great as possible, but shall be somewhat less than the average length of the staple fibre used to spin the yarn. The initial lengths of specimens listed in Table 1 are commonly used.Table 1 Specimen lengthsType of yarn materialSpecimen initial lengthmmCotton 10 and 25Worsted 25 and 50Woolen 25 and 50Bast fibre 100 and 2508.1.2 Single multifilament, plied, and cabled yarns8.1.2.1 Take an initial length of 250 mm 0,5 mm if the nominal twist is 1 250 turns/m.8.1.2.2 Take an initial length of 500 mm