BS EN 61773-1997 Overhead lines - Testing of foundations for structures《架空线 结构基础试验》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61773:1997 IEC 61773: 1996 Including Corrigendum March 1997 Overhead lines Testing of foundations for structures The European Standard EN 61773:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.240.20BSEN61773:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction

2、 of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1997 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 28777 7 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN61773:1996. It is identical with IEC61773:1996 includi

3、ng Corrigendum March1997. The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by a side line in the margin. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/11, Overhead lines, which has the responsibility to:

4、 aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organi

5、zations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. From1 January1997, all IEC publications have the number60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC27-1 has been renumbered as IEC60027-1. For a period of time during the change over from one numbering system to t

6、he other, publications may contain identifiers from both systems. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standa

7、rds which implement these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to in

8、clude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pag

9、es i and ii, theEN title page, pages2to38, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date C

10、ommentsBSEN61773:1997 BSI 04-1999 i Contents Page National foreword Inside front cover Foreword 2 Text of EN 61773 5ii blankEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61773 December 1996 ICS 29.240.20 Descriptors: Overhead lines, foundations for structures, soil investigation, beam, pile E

11、nglish version Overhead lines Testing of foundations for structures (IEC 1773:1996) Lignes ariennes Essais de fondations des supports (CEI 1773:1996) Freileitungen Prfung von Grndungen fr Bauwerke (IEC 1773:1996) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on1996-10-01. CENELEC members are bound

12、to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Cent

13、ral Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same st

14、atus as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee fo

15、r Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN61773:1996 EEN61773:1996 BSI 04-1999 2 Foreword The text

16、of document11/111/FDIS, future edition1 of IEC1773, prepared by IEC TC11, Recommendations for overhead lines, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN61773 on1996-10-01. The following dates were fixed: Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the

17、 standard. Annexes designated “informative” are given for information only. In this standard, Annex ZA is normative and Annex A, Annex B, Annex C, Annex D, Annex E and Annex F are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC1773:1996

18、was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. Contents Page 1 Scope and object 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Definitions 5 4 Categories of tests 6 4.1 Design tests 6 4.2 Proof tests 6 5 Geotechnical data 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Soil investigation results 7 5.3 Geotechnical desi

19、gn parameters 7 5.4 Soil conditions during foundation installation 7 6 Foundation installation 7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Variations on foundations for design tests 7 6.3 Installation techniques for foundations subject to design testing 8 6.4 Installation records 8 6.5 Minimum period of time required betwe

20、en installation and testing 8 7 Test equipment 9 7.1 Load application 9 7.2 Test loading arrangements 9 7.3 Reference beam Design tests 10 7.4 Displacement measurement devices Design tests 10 7.5 Displacement measurement devices Proof tests 11 7.6 Calibration of measuring instruments 11 8 Test proce

21、dure 18 8.1 Number of tests 18 8.2 Testing of pile groups 18 8.3 Loading procedure 18 8.4 Test recording 18 9 Test evaluation 20 9.1 General 20 9.2 Design tests 20 9.3 Proof tests 20 10 Acceptance criteria 20 10.1 General 20 10.2 Design tests 20 10.3 Proof tests 21 11 Test report 21 latest date by w

22、hich the ENhas to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1997-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 1997-08-01EN61773:1996 BSI 04-1999 3 Page Annex A (informative) Biblio

23、graphy 22 Annex B (informative) Soil investigations 22 Annex C (informative) Comments on clear horizontal distancebetween reaction supports and testfoundation 24 Annex D (informative) Formats for records of installationandtesting 27 Annex E (informative) Guidance notes for graphical determination of

24、 foundation uplift or compressioncapacity 32 Annex F (informative) Glossary of terms and explanations 36 Annex ZA (normative) Normative referencestointernational publicationswiththeir corresponding Europeanpublications Inside back cover Figure 1 Leg slope (hip slope) fortowerswiththeshape of a regul

25、arfrustumortruncatedcone 8 Figure 2 Reference dimensions to establishminimum clear distance of reactionsupport fromtest foundation 12 Figure 3 Elevation and plan layout of typicaltestloading beam arrangement 13 Figure 4 Load application by means of hydraulicjack and fulcrum beam 14 Figure 5 Load app

26、lication by means of aframetensioner system 14 Figure 6 Lateral load test setups using conventional hydraulic jack 15 Figure 7 Lateral moment load test setupsusingcable and winch arrangements 16 Figure 8 Elevation and plan layout of typicalarrangement of surface instrumentation 17 Figure C.1 Inverte

27、d frustum representingupliftcapacity 25 Figure C.2 Soil reaction in case of under-reamedshafts 26 Figure C.3 Reaction of slender structures 26 Figure E.1 Tangent insertion method 33 Figure E.2 Log-log method 33 Figure E.3 Parabolic model 34 Figure E.4 90% criterion 35 Figure E.5 Hyperbolic model 35

28、Figure E.6 Slope tangent method 36 Table 1 Loading schedule 19 Table D.1 Concrete pad and chimney, steelgrillage or buried anchor 27 Page Table D.2 Concrete pier foundation 28 Table D.3 Piled foundation 29 Table D.4 Drilled or driven anchors 30 Table D.5 Typical test recording form 314 blankEN61773:

29、1996 BSI 04-1999 5 1 Scope and object This International Standard is applicable to the testing procedures for foundations of overhead line structures. This standard distinguishes between: a) foundations predominantly loaded by axial forces, either in uplift or compression, acting in the direction of

30、 the foundation central axis. This applies to foundations of rigid lattice towers with typical individual footings, that is concrete pad and chimney foundations, steel grillages, concrete piers, piles and grouted anchors. Guy (stay) foundations are included when they are tested in line with their tr

31、ue guy inclinations; b) foundations predominantly loaded by lateral forces, overturning moments, or a combination of both. This applies to single poles with typical compact foundations, for example monoblock foundations, concrete slabs, concrete piers, piles and poles directly embedded in the ground

32、. It may also apply to H-frame structure foundations for which the predominant loads are lateral forces, overturning moments, or a combination of both; c) foundations loaded by a combination of forces mentioned under a) and b). Tests on reduced scale or model foundations are not included. However, t

33、hey may be useful for design purposes. Dynamic foundation testing is excluded from the scope of this document. The object of this standard is to provide procedures which apply to the investigation of the load-carrying capacity and/or the load response (deflection or rotation) of the total foundation

34、 as an interaction between the foundation and the surrounding soil and/or rock. The mechanical strength of the structural components is not within the object of this standard. However, in the case of grouted anchors, the failure of structural components, for example the bond between anchor rod and g

35、rout, may predominate. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revisi

36、on, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 50(466):1990, In

37、ternational Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter466: Overhead lines. IEC 826:1991, Loading and strength of overhead transmission lines. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. The definitions listed below supplement those given in IEC50(466

38、). 3.1 characteristic strength the value guaranteed in appropriate standards. This value is also called the guaranteed strength, the minimum strength, the minimum failing load or the nominal strength and usually corresponds to an exclusion limit, from2% to5%, with10% being, in practice, the upper li

39、mit (IEC826, 1.2.1) 3.2 damage or serviceability limit load the load corresponding to the strength limit of the foundation, which, if exceeded, will lead to damage and noticeable deformation or reduction in strength of the supported structure. The damage load is normally related to displacement crit

40、eria and may also be known as the serviceability limit load NOTEWhen applying this standard to testing foundations which are designed using deterministic loading criteria, reference to this term may be necessary. 3.3 design load the limit load or factored working load or the load derived with respec

41、t to a specific return period of a climatical event, for which the foundation has been designed 3.4 failure load the maximum load which can be applied during testing. It is also known as the limit state failure load and is usually associated with displacements leading to failure of the structure 3.5

42、 maximum proof load the maximum load applied to the foundation tested during a proof test 3.6 test report final document summarizing the results of investigations and foundation testsEN61773:1996 6 BSI 04-1999 3.7 working load the maximum load likely to be experienced by the foundation under normal

43、working conditions, during the life of the line, with no overload factors included NOTEThe term working load does not apply to limit states design methods and is not compatible with IEC826. However, when applying this standard to testing foundations which are designed using deterministic loading cri

44、teria, reference to this term may be necessary. 4 Categories of tests With respect to the purpose of the test, the level of investigation and the method of execution, this standard refers to two categories of tests: a) design tests; b) proof tests. 4.1 Design tests Design tests are normally carried

45、out on specially installed foundations, with one or more of the following objectives: a) to verify design parameters or methodologies; b) to verify construction procedures; c) to establish geotechnical design parameters and/or a design methodology for a specific application; d) to verify compliance

46、of foundation design with specifications; e) to determine the average failure load and coefficient of variation of the design type in specified soil conditions. Tests according to c) and/or d) are also known as type tests. 4.1.1 Full scale tests Design tests should preferably be carried out with ful

47、l scale units. When tests are carried out to verify design parameters, the test foundation shall be as identical as possible to those proposed for production (see6.1). Design tests are carried out to at least the design load or to failure, especially when testing according to4.1 c) and/or 4.1 d), us

48、ing limit state design. Limitations of displacements, deflection or rotation under load shall be considered where applicable. The level of instrumentation and of investigation should be appropriate for the purpose of the test. 4.1.2 Reduced scale tests In the case of large dimension foundations, it

49、might be impractical to undertake design tests on a full size foundation. Design tests on smaller dimension test foundations may be considered, subject to the following conditions: a) the test foundation is installed using the same techniques and materials as the production foundation; b) where necessary, the test foundation is instrumented in such a manner that the base and shaft resistances can be derived separately; c) for foundation types where the capacity is determined by lateral friction, the r