BS EN 60695-6-2-2011 Fire hazard testing Smoke obscuration Summary and relevance of test methods《火灾测试 烟雾遮蔽 试验方法摘要和有关问题》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationFire hazard testingPart 6-2: Smoke obscuration Summary and relevance of test methodsBS EN 60695-6-2:2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 6069

2、5-6-2:2011. It isidentical to IEC 60695-6-2:2011. It supersedes DD IEC/TS 60695-6-2:2005which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeGEL/89, Fire hazard testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its se

3、cretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 70222 8ICS 13.220.99; 29.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard

4、 was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60695-6-2:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60695-6-2 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM October 2011 CENELEC European Committe

5、e for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members

6、. Ref. No. EN 60695-6-2:2011 E ICS 13.220.99; 29.020 English version Fire hazard testing - Part 6-2: Smoke obscuration - Summary and relevance of test methods (IEC 60695-6-2:2011) Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 6-2: Opacit des fumes - Rsum et pertinence des mthodes dessais (CEI 60695-6-

7、2:2011) Prfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr - Teil 6-2: Sichtminderung durch Rauch - Zusammenfassung und Anwendbarkeit von Prfverfahren (IEC 60695-6-2:2011) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-09-29. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation

8、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member

9、. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

10、 CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom

11、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60695-6-2:2011EN 60695-6-2:2011 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 89/1057/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60695-6-2, prepared by IEC/TC 89 “Fire hazard testing“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and appro

12、ved by CENELEC as EN 60695-6-2:2011. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2012-06-29 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document

13、have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-09-29 This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 60695-6-1. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such p

14、atent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-6-2:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60332-3-10 NOTE Harmoni

15、zed as EN 60332-3-10. IEC 61034-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61034-1. IEC 61034-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61034-2. ISO 5659-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 5659-2. BS EN 60695-6-2:2011- 3 - EN 60695-6-2:2011 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding Europe

16、an publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international public

17、ation has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60695-6-1 2005 Fire hazard testing - Part 6-1: Smoke obscuration - General guidance EN 60695-6-1 2005 IEC Guide 104 - The preparation of safety publications and the

18、use of basic safety publications and group safety publications - - ISO 5725-2 1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method - - ISO 13943 2008 Fire safety -

19、Vocabulary EN ISO 13943 2010 ISO 19706 2007 Guidelines for assessing the fire threat to people - - BS EN 60695-6-2:2011 2 60695-6-2 IEC:2011 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Types of of test method 11 4.1 General . 11 4.2 Physical fire mode

20、l 11 4.3 Static test methods 11 4.4 Dynamic test methods . 11 5 Types of test specimen . 13 6 Published static test methods 13 6.1 General . 13 6.2 Determination of smoke opacity in a 0,51 m3chamber . 13 6.2.1 Standards which use a vertically oriented test specimen . 13 6.2.2 Standard which uses a h

21、orizontally oriented test specimen . 15 6.3 Determination of smoke density in a 27 m3smoke chamber . 17 6.3.1 Standards 17 6.3.2 Purpose and principle 17 6.3.3 Test specimen . 17 6.3.4 Method 17 6.3.5 Repeatability and reproducibility . 18 6.3.6 Relevance of test data and special observations 18 6.4

22、 Determination of specific optical density using a dual-chamber test 18 6.4.1 Standards 18 6.4.2 Purpose and principle 18 6.4.3 Test specimen . 18 6.4.4 Method 19 6.4.5 Repeatability and reproducibility . 19 6.4.6 Relevance of test data and special observations 19 7 Published dynamic test methods .

23、19 7.1 General . 19 7.2 Determination of smoke density generated by electric cables mounted on a horizontal ladder 19 7.2.1 Standards 19 7.2.2 Purpose and principle 19 7.2.3 Test specimen . 19 7.2.4 Method 19 7.2.5 Repeatability and reproducibility . 19 7.2.6 Relevance of test data and special obser

24、vations 20 7.3 Determination of smoke generated by electrical cables mounted on a vertical ladder 20 7.3.1 Standards 20 7.3.2 prEN 50399 . 21 7.4 Determination of smoke using a cone calorimeter 22 7.4.1 Standards 22 BS EN 60695-6-2:201160695-6-2 IEC:2011 3 7.4.2 Purpose and principle 22 7.4.3 Test s

25、pecimen . 22 7.4.4 Method 22 7.4.5 Repeatability and reproducibility . 23 7.4.6 Relevance of test data and special observations 23 8 Overview of methods and relevance of data 24 Annex A (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data NBS smoke chamber Interlaboratory tests from the French stand

26、ard NF C20-902-1 and NF C20-902-2 27 Annex B (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data ISO 5659-2 28 Annex C (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data “Three metre cube“ smoke chamber French interlaboratory tests according to IEC 61034-2 . 30 Annex D (informative) Repeatability

27、 and reproducibility data NFPA 262 31 Annex E (informative) Precision data of smoke measurement in ISO 5660-2 . 32 Bibliography 33 Table 1 Characteristics of fire stages (ISO 19706) 12 Table 2 Overview of smoke test methods 25 Table A.1 Measurement of Dm27 Table B.1 Measurement of Ds10 . 28 Table B.

28、2 Test results for poly-carbonate 28 Table B.3 Test results for PVC flooring . 29 Table C.1 Measurement of transmission expressed as a percentage 30 Table E.1 Combinations of materials of upholstered furniture 32 Table E.2 Repeatability and Reproducibility of specific extinction area (m2/kg) 32 BS E

29、N 60695-6-2:2011 6 60695-6-2 IEC:2011 INTRODUCTION The risk of fire needs to be considered in any electrical circuit, and the objective of component, circuit and equipment design, and the choice of materials, is to reduce the likelihood of fire, even in the event of foreseeable abnormal use, malfunc

30、tion or failure. Electrotechnical products, primarily as victims of fire, may nevertheless contribute to the fire. One of the contributing hazards is the release of smoke, which may cause loss of vision and/or disorientation which could impede escape from the building, or fire fighting. This interna

31、tional standard describes smoke test methods in common use to assess the smoke release from electrotechnical products, or from materials used in electrotechnical products. It forms part of the IEC 60695-6 series which gives guidance to product committees wishing to incorporate test methods for smoke

32、 obscuration in product standards. BS EN 60695-6-2:201160695-6-2 IEC:2011 7 FIRE HAZARD TESTING Part 6-2: Smoke obscuration Summary and relevance of test methods 1 Scope This part of IEC 60695 provides a summary of the test methods that are used in the assessment of smoke obscuration. It presents a

33、brief summary of static and dynamic test methods in common use, either as international standards or national or industry standards. It includes special observations on their relevance to electrotechnical products and their materials and to fire scenarios, and it gives recommendations on their use.

34、This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publi

35、cations in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for

36、the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60695-6-1:2005, Fire hazard testing Part 6-1: Smoke obscuration General guidance IEC Guide 104:, The p

37、reparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications ISO/IEC 13943:2008, Fire safety Vocabulary ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and re

38、producibility of a standard measurement method ISO 19706:20071, Guidelines for assessing the fire threat to people 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 13943, some of which are reproduced below for users convenience, apply. 3.1 combust

39、ion exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidising agent _ 1This publication cancels and replaces ISO 9122-1:1989, Toxicity testing of fire effluents Part 1: General. BS EN 60695-6-2:2011 8 60695-6-2 IEC:2011 NOTE Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or glowing. I

40、SO/IEC 13943, definition 4.46 3.2 extinction area of smoke product of the volume occupied by smoke and the extinction coefficient of the smoke NOTE It is a measure of the amount of smoke, and the typical units are square metres (m2). ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.92 3.3 extinction coefficient natural

41、logarithm of the ratio of incident light intensity to transmitted light intensity, per unit light path length NOTE Typical units are reciprocal metres (m-1). ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.93 3.4 fire (general) process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and fire effluent and usually ac

42、companied by smoke, flame, glowing or a combination thereof NOTE In the English language the term “fire“ is used to designate three concepts, two of which, fire (3.5) and fire (3.6), relate to specific types of self-supporting combustion with different meanings and two of them are designated using t

43、wo different terms in both French and German. ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.96 3.5 fire (controlled) self-supporting combustion that has been deliberately arranged to provide useful effects and is limited in its extent in time and space ISO/IEC 13943 definition 4.97 3.6 fire (uncontrolled) self-suppor

44、ting combustion that has not been deliberately arranged to provide useful effects and is not limited in its extent in time and space ISO/IEC 13943 definition 4.98 3.7 fire effluent totality of gases and aerosols, including suspended particles, created by combustion or pyrolysis in a fire ISO/IEC 139

45、43, definition 4.105 3.8 fire hazard physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence from fire ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.112 BS EN 60695-6-2:201160695-6-2 IEC:2011 9 3.9 fire model fire simulation calculation method that describes a system or process related to fire de

46、velopment, including fire dynamics and the effects of fire ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.116 3.10 fire scenario qualitative description of the course of a fire with respect to time, identifying key events that characterise the studied fire and differentiate it from other possible fires NOTE It typical

47、ly defines the ignition and fire growth processes, the fully developed fire stage, the fire decay stage, and the environment and systems that impact on the course of the fire. ISO/IEC 13943 definition 4.129 3.11 heat flux amount of thermal energy emitted, transmitted or received per unit area and pe

48、r unit time NOTE The typical units are watts per square metre (Wm-2). ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.173 3.12 ignition sustained ignition (deprecated) (general) initiation of combustion ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.187 3.13 ignition sustained ignition (deprecated) (flaming combustion) initiation of sust

49、ained flame ISO/IEC 13943 definition 4.188 3.14 mass optical density of smoke optical density of smoke multiplied by a factor, V /(m L), where V is the volume of the test chamber, m is the mass lost from the test specimen, and L is the light path length NOTE The typical units are square metres per gram (m2 g-1). ISO/IEC 13943, definition 4.225 3.15 obscuration by smoke reduction in the intensity of light due to its passage thro