BS EN 16465-2015 Plastics Methods for the calibration of black-standard and white-standard thermometers and black-panel and white-panel thermometers for use in natural and artifici.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16465:2015Plastics Methods forthe calibration of black-standard and white-standardthermometers and black-paneland white-panel thermometersfor use in natural and artificialweatheringBS EN 16465:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implem

2、entation of EN 16465:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions

3、of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 79147 5ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under

4、the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16465:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16465 September 2015 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Methods for the

5、calibration of black-standard and white-standard thermometers and black-panel and white-panel thermometers for use in natural and artificial weathering Plastiques - Mthodes dtalonnage des thermomtres talon noir et talon blanc et des thermomtres panneau noir et panneau blanc pour utilisation en vieil

6、lissement naturel et artificiel Kunststoffe - Kalibrierverfahren fr Schwarz- und Weistandard-Thermometer und Schwarz- und Weitafel- Thermometer fr die Verwendung bei natrlicher und knstlicher Bewitterung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 August 2015. CEN members are bound to comply wi

7、th the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Mana

8、gement Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same st

9、atus as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mal

10、ta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN

11、 All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16465:2015 EBS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Abbreviated terms 7 5

12、Principle . 7 6 Method A. 7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Apparatus . 7 6.2.1 Master reference thermometer . 7 6.2.2 Thermally insulated device . 8 6.2.3 Test chamber 8 6.2.4 Radiation source 8 6.2.5 Sample holder . 8 6.2.6 Air flow 9 6.2.7 Ambient air 9 6.3 Calibration procedure . 9 6.3.1 Principle . 9 6.3.2 C

13、alibration procedure 10 6.4 Calibration report 11 7 Method B 11 7.1 Apparatus 11 7.1.1 General . 11 7.1.2 Test chamber . 12 7.1.3 Radiation source . 12 7.1.4 Holder . 12 7.1.5 Air flow . 12 7.1.6 Blower 12 7.1.7 Pyrometer . 12 7.1.8 Chamber air temperature and relative humidity . 13 7.2 Calibration

14、procedure 13 7.2.1 Principle 13 7.2.2 Emissivity () . 13 7.2.3 Calibration process 13 7.3 Calibration report 14 Annex A (informative) Characteristics of BST/WST and BPT/WPT . 15 Annex B (informative) Example of calibration equipment 16 Bibliography . 17 BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 3 European f

15、oreword This document (EN 16465:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March

16、 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent righ

17、ts. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,

18、 Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 4 Introduction The relevant weather factors with

19、regard to material testing both outdoors and in devices include natural and simulated solar radiation, heat, humidity and rain as well as pollutants in the air. Different technologies are available to simulate natural solar radiation in a weathering device. One category of exposure devices, which in

20、clude xenon-arc weathering devices and devices using metal halide gas discharge radiation source, is designed to simulate the entire spectral range of natural solar radiation. In these instruments and like natural solar radiation, the ultraviolet, the visible and the infrared radiation during exposu

21、re increases the specimen surface temperature above the ambient air temperature of the surrounding air. As an influencing weathering variable, heat is characterized by the sample surface temperature. Absorbed solar radiation can heat the surface to a temperature up to a T of more than 40 K above amb

22、ient air. The possible surface temperature is characterized by a white panel or white standard temperature as its lower limit, and a black panel or standard temperature as its upper limit. It is then assumed that the actual sample temperature lies between the two cited limits. Surface temperatures o

23、f specific specimens can be higher or lower (e.g. massive black polymers and transparent polymers). The white panel/standard and black panel/standard temperatures can be easily determined using conventional measuring techniques. In one category of exposure devices, only the short UV range of the nat

24、ural solar radiation is simulated with fluorescent UV radiation source radiation. In these devices, there is no significant increase in surface temperature of a specimen, because these radiation sources have no significant visible and infrared radiation. An additional category of exposure devices us

25、es a mercury medium pressure radiation source to induce critical photo-degradation reactions that are typical of natural solar exposures. Even this specific radiation source does not provide significant visible and infrared radiation. For this reason, as in the previous category, these exposures do

26、not increase significantly the specimen surface temperature above ambient. NOTE For fluorescent UV and mercury medium pressure radiation sources, the ambient air temperature surrounding the specimen is the main variable influencing the specimen temperature. The relative humidity may have a small eff

27、ect on the specimen temperature as well. Black/white standard thermometers and black/white panel thermometers are defined in EN ISO 4892-1. They are used in weathering applications to characterize the temperature level (maximum and minimum temperature) under given weathering exposure conditions. The

28、 accuracy of these thermometers depends on their design and especially on a well-defined and traceable calibration method. Such methods are the content of this standard. Two methods are defined in this standard. Each method requires calibration of a black panel/standard or white panel/standard to a

29、traceable reference from a national metrological institute (NMI). Historically, the contact calibration method (e.g. calibration in a water bath) has been used for weathering applications: recently a contactless calibration method has been developed. Any requirement to use one method versus the othe

30、r method is not justified, and both calibration methods are suitable for most weathering applications. However, because of a lack of data comparing the two methods as of the time of publication of this standard, preference or equivalency of results for these two methods is unknown. Both methods may

31、provide different calibration results that are not interchangeable. BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 5 The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with Method B of this document may involve the use of European patent EP1500920, con

32、cerning the surface temperature calibration process discussed in 7.2.3. CEN takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights. The holder of these patent rights has ensured CEN that he is willing to negotiate licenses under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms a

33、nd conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of these patent rights is registered with CEN. Information may be obtained from: Atlas Material Testing Technology GmbH Intellectual Property Vogelsbergstr. 22 D-63589 Linsengericht-Altenhalau Germany At

34、tention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard sp

35、ecifies traceable calibration methods of black-standard thermometers (BST), white-standard thermometers (WST), black-panel thermometers (BPT) and white-panel thermometers (WPT) for use in natural and artificial weathering: method A, a contact method, uses a traceable calibrated resistance standard t

36、hermometer; method B, a contactless method, uses a traceable calibrated pyrometer. A basic design of types of the thermometers is described in EN ISO 4892-1. NOTE 1 Historically method A has been used for weathering applications for many years: Method B has been developed recently. Both methods are

37、qualified for weathering applications. They may provide different calibration results that are not interchangeable. NOTE 2 Annex A gives information on the characteristics of BST/WST and BPT/WPT. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this

38、document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 291) EN ISO

39、4892-1, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance (ISO 4892-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 master reference thermometer MRT instrument traceable to a national metrological institute

40、(NMI) 3.2 reference calibration thermometer RCT instrument used in an accredited calibration laboratory to calibrate a field calibration thermometer (FCT) 3.3 field calibration thermometer FCT instrument used to realize a standard measurement value with respect to a recognized master reference therm

41、ometer with a stated path of traceability to recognized standards and a stated measurement uncertainty Note 1 to entry: Field calibration thermometers are used to calibrate BST/BPT or WST/WPT field thermometers in weathering devices (for daily use). BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 7 3.4 field ther

42、mometer instrument used permanently outdoor or in a laboratory accelerated-weathering device used for the routine measurement of temperature, with a calibration traceable to a reference calibration thermometer 4 Abbreviated terms BPT black-panel thermometer (uninsulated black panel thermometer) BST

43、black-standard thermometer (or insulated black panel thermometer) MRT master reference thermometer NMI national metrological institute RTD resistance thermometer detector WPT white-panel thermometer (uninsulated white panel thermometer) WST white-standard thermometer (or insulated white panel thermo

44、meter) 5 Principle To characterize surface temperature of specimens which are exposed to weathering conditions, either BST and WST or BPT and WPT are used, all of them combining a coated panel, an electrical sensor element, and a monitoring system. The thermometer to be calibrated is exposed to natu

45、ral or artificial radiation under controlled conditions and adjusted to the temperature reading of an independent and traceable temperature measuring system. Method A is a contact method using a master reference thermometer traceable to a NMI standard thermometer and method B is a non-contact method

46、 using a master reference pyrometer traceable to a NMI standard thermometer. Any requirement to prefer one method versus the other method is not permitted. However, because of a lack of data comparing the two methods as of the time of publication of this standard, equivalency of results of these two

47、 methods is unknown. 6 Method A 6.1 General This calibration method consists of the calibration (contact method) and additional verification in a test chamber with exposure to a radiation source. 6.2 Apparatus 6.2.1 Master reference thermometer A master reference thermometer that is calibrated trace

48、able to a national metrology institute (NMI) and/or a designated institute (DI) is required. Recalibration by a qualified laboratory shall be performed every year. BS EN 16465:2015EN 16465:2015 (E) 8 The requirements for the master reference thermometer are the following: temperature range: 0 C to 1

49、40 C; Uncertainty: (k = 2) 0,2C. 6.2.2 Thermally insulated device A thermally insulated device constructed from inert material, e.g. an insulated beaker or a dewar, shall be used. The thermally insulated device should be filled with a liquid medium and equipped with a stirrer to avoid significant temperature gradients. 6.2.3 Test chamber The test chamber shall be constructed from inert material and shall be equipped with a blower system that generates a defined airflow to be directed across the sample(s). 6.2.4 Radiation source Xenon-arc