BS EN 15861-2012 Food processing machinery Smoke facilities Safety and hygiene requirements《食品加工机械 烟设施 安全和卫生要求》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15861:2012Food processing machinery Smokehouses Safety andhygiene requirementsBS EN 15861:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementati

2、on of EN 15861:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/3/5, Food industry machines.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of

3、 a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 63687 5ICS 67.260Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the a

4、uthority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15861:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15861 June 2012 ICS 67.260 English Version Food processing machinery - Smokehouses - Safety and hygiene req

5、uirements Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Fumoirs - Prescriptions relatives la scurit et lhygine Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Rucheranlagen - Sicherheits-und Hygieneanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 May 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC In

6、ternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to a

7、ny CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official

8、versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia

9、, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved world

10、wide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15861:2012: EBS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4Introduction . 51 Scope 61.1 Requirements 61.2 Types 62 Normative references 73 Terms and Definitions . 84 List of significant hazards 94.1 General . 94.2 Mechanical hazards 104.3 El

11、ectrical hazards 114.4 Hydraulic and pneumatic hazards . 114.5 Hazards from loss of stability 114.6 Noise hazard 114.7 Hazards from non-compliance with ergonomic principles during construction 114.8 Hazards from non-compliance with hygiene principles 124.9 Thermal hazards 124.9.1 Hazards from hot su

12、rfaces . 124.9.2 Hazards from hot steam . 124.10 Being enclosed 124.11 Explosion hazards . 124.12 Hazards from chemical materials and agents 124.13 Hazards from slipping, tripping and falling 125 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures . 135.1 General . 135.2 Mechanical installati

13、on . 135.2.1 General . 135.2.2 Measures for particular danger zones 135.3 Electrical installation 145.3.1 General . 145.3.2 Emergency stop 145.3.3 Protection against water ingress . 145.4 Hydraulic and pneumatic installations . 145.5 Hazards from loss of stability 155.6 Noise reduction . 155.7 Ergon

14、omic requirements 155.8 Hygiene and cleaning . 155.8.1 Design . 155.8.2 Food area . 165.8.3 Splash area 165.8.4 Non-food area 165.8.5 Surface condition 175.8.6 Cleaning and disinfecting . 175.9 Measures against high temperatures and hot steam 175.10 Measures against being enclosed . 175.11 Explosion

15、 prevention measures 175.11.1 General . 175.11.2 Smokehouses with open system and saw dust/wood chip smoke generator or friction smoke generator: 18BS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 3 5.11.3 Smokehouses with open system and saw dust/wood chip smoke generation and only thermic buoyancy: . 185.11.4 Sm

16、okehouses with open system and steam smoke generator:. 185.11.5 Smokehouses with re-circulated system: . 195.12 Measures against chemical materials and agents . 196 Verification of safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures . 197 Information for use 207.1 General . 207.2 Manual 217.3

17、 Marking . 22Annex A (normative) Noise test code for smokehouses (grade 2) 23A.1 Determination of the emission sound pressure level 23A.2 Installation and mounting conditions . 23A.3 Operating conditions 23A.4 Measurement . 23A.5 Measurement uncertainty . 24A.6 Information to be recorded . 24A.7 Inf

18、ormation to be reported 24A.8 Declaration and verification of the noise emission values . 25Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 26Bibliography 27Figure Figure 1 Danger zones of smokehouses . 10Figure 2 Hygiene a

19、reas on smokehouses . 16Table Table 1 20BS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15861:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery intended for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given

20、 the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may

21、 be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU

22、 Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgi

23、um, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS

24、 EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 5 Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. This European Standard is concerned with types of machinery referred to as “smokehouses”. The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in the sco

25、pe of this document. When provisions of this type C standard differ from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards. BS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope 1.1 Requirements This European Stan

26、dard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design and manufacture of smokehouses for commercial use. The machines covered by this standard are used for the smoking of foodstuffs, especially meat, fish or similar products, as well as the connected heating and cooling processes. Smokehouse

27、s consist of the following elements: Smoke chamber with equipment; Air handling system; Smoke generator; Pipes and ducts; Cleaning systems. This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events and hygiene requirements relevant to smokehouses when they are used a

28、s intended and under reasonably foreseeable conditions of misuse. This European Standard deals with the hazards which can arise during the whole life of smokehouses. This document is not applicable to smokehouses which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN. 1.2 Type

29、s This European Standard covers the following types of smokehouses and installations: Smokehouses with friction smoke generator; Smokehouses with steam smoke generator; Smokehouses with liquid smoke generator; Smokehouses with saw dust and wood chip smoke generators; Smokehouses with one or several

30、smoke chambers for batch production; Smokehouses for continous production. This European Standard does not cover automatic production. BS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 7 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispen

31、sable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 614-1:2006+

32、A1:2009, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery Guards General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Human physical performance

33、Part 1: Terms and definitions EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, Safety of machinery Interlocking devices associated with guards Principles for design and selection EN 1672-2:2005+A1:20

34、09, Food processing machinery Basic concepts Part 2: Hygiene requirements EN 1839:2003, Determination of explosion limits of gases and vapours EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of pro

35、tection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydrauli

36、c fluid power General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413:2010) EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4414:2010) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics Declaration and verification of noise emissi

37、on values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environme

38、ntal corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN

39、 ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) BS EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 8 EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General

40、 principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) 3 Terms and Definitions For t

41、he purpose of this document the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 smoke generator machinery part of a smokehouse, for generating the smoke 3.2 smouldering air amount of air which will be fed to the smouldering place 3.3 smouldering place place of smoulderi

42、ng in the smoke generator 3.4 smoke generation production of fresh smoke from smoke materials 3.5 smoke chamber/processing room part of the smokehouse, in which the product to be smoked is placed, and smoke will be applied 3.6 smoke mixture from air and gaseous, vaporous, liquid and solid products o

43、f decomposition, developing from the pyrolysis of smoke materials 3.7 cycled smoke generation smoke generation that, during an unchanged smoke program (smoke processing time), is switched on and off in intervals 3.8 smokehouse with open system smokehouse without recirculation of the smoke to and fro

44、m the smoke generator 3.9 smokehouse with re-circulated system smokehouses with re-circulated smoke that travels from the smoke generator to the smoke chamber and is then re-circulated via the smoke generator Note 1 to entry: The re-circulated smoke will then be used either exclusively as a smoulder

45、ing volume for generating fresh smoke; or only for transportation of the high concentrated smoke from the smouldering place, which means that the re-circulated smoke is not involved in the smoke generating process; or as partial volume (part of the smouldering volume) for the generation of smoke. BS

46、 EN 15861:2012EN 15861:2012 (E) 9 3.10 explosive mixture mixture of combustible gases, steam, fogs, vapours or dusts in which a burning process after ignition transmits to the total un-burnt mixture 3.11 explosive atmosphere mixture of combustible gases, steam, fogs, vapours or dusts under atmospher

47、e conditions, in which a burning process after ignition transmits to the total un-burnt mixture Note 1 to entry: As atmospheric conditions apply total pressures from 0.8 bar to 1.1 bar and mixture temperatures from - 20 C to + 60 C. Note 2 to entry: “Transmission to the total un-burnt mixture“ has t

48、o be understood in the way of an independent propagation of the reaction. 3.12 dangerous explosive atmosphere explosive atmosphere, which exists in such a quantity (hazardous quantity), that special measures are necessary for the maintenance of the protection of safety and health of the operators or

49、 third parties 3.13 explosion sudden oxidation reaction with increase of the temperature, or the pressure or both of these at the same time 3.14 product carrier device to accommodate or store the product Note 1 to entry: Examples include rods, sticks, supports, clamps, tubs and dishes. 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General This