BS EN 12680-3-2011 Founding Ultrasonic testing Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings《铸造 超声试验 球墨铸铁铸件》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12680-3:2011Founding Ultrasonic testingPart 3: Spheroidal graphite cast ironcastingsBS EN 12680-3:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK impl

2、ementation of EN 12680-3:2011.It supersedes BS EN 12680-3:2003 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This pub

3、lication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71103 9ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published

4、under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12680-3:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12680-3 November 2011 ICS 77.040.20 Supersedes EN 12680-3:2003English Version Founding - U

5、ltrasonic testing - Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings Fonderie - Contrle par ultrasons - Partie 3: Pices moules en fonte graphite sphrodal Gieereiwesen - Ultraschallprfung - Teil 3: Gussstcke aus Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 October 2011. C

6、EN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on ap

7、plication to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

8、Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Ne

9、therlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitati

10、on in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12680-3:2011: EBS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Requirements .54.1 Order information 54.2 Extent of testing .54.3 Maxim

11、um permissible size of discontinuities 54.4 Personnel qualification .54.5 Wall section zones .55 Testing 65.1 Principles 65.2 Material .65.3 Equipment, coupling medium, time base range and sensitivity setting 65.4 Preparation of casting surfaces for testing 95.5 Test procedure .95.6 Test report . 11

12、Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition 21Bibliography . 22BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12680-3:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry Technology”, the secretariat of

13、 which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibil

14、ity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12680-3:2003. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC

15、190/WG 10 “Inner defects“ to revise the following standard: EN 12680-3, Founding Ultrasonic examination Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings. This is one of three European Standards for ultrasonic testing. The other standards are: EN 12680-1, Founding Ultrasonic examination Part 1: Steel c

16、astings for general purposes; EN 12680-2, Founding Ultrasonic examination Part 2: Steel castings for highly stressed components. Annex A provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the n

17、ational standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan

18、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for the ultrasonic testing of spheroidal graphite cast iron castings and the techniques for

19、determining internal discontinuities by the pulse-echo technique. This European Standard does not apply to ultrasonic testing of the nodularity of spheroidal graphite cast irons. This European Standard does not apply to transmission technique. NOTE The transmission technique has insufficient sensiti

20、vity to detect the discontinuities found in spheroidal graphite cast iron castings and is used in exceptional cases only. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate

21、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 473, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel General principles EN 583-1, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 1: General principles EN 583-2, Non-destru

22、ctive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 2: Sensitivity and range setting EN 583-5, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 5: Characterization and sizing of discontinuities EN 1330-4, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 4: Terms used in ultrasonic testing EN 12223, Non-destructive

23、 testing Ultrasonic examination Specification for calibration block No. 1 EN 12668-1, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 1: Instruments EN 12668-2, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equi

24、pment Part 2: Probes EN 12668-3, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 3: Combined equipment EN ISO 7963, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 2 (ISO 7963:2006) 3 Terms and definitions For the

25、purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330-4 and the following apply. 3.1 dross accumulation of fine slag particles (oxides, sulphides, etc.) in the rim zone of castings NOTE In smaller castings, dross is usually not detected by ultrasonic testing. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 126

26、80-3:2011 (E) 5 4 Requirements 4.1 Order information The following information shall be available at the time of enquiry and order (see also EN 583-1): the areas of the casting and the number or percentage of castings to which the ultrasonic testing require-ments apply; the severity levels for small

27、 castings in accordance with Table 1 and if applicable Table 3, or for large castings Table 2 and if applicable Table 4, to be applied to the various areas of the casting; requirements for a written test procedure. NOTE 1 Severity levels in Tables 1 and 3 as well as 2 and 4 can be chosen differently

28、. NOTE 2 Small castings are typically produced under serial conditions, e.g. automatic moulding lines, with a mass up to 500 kg. NOTE 3 Large castings are typically hand moulded, with a mass higher than 500 kg. 4.2 Extent of testing The areas of the casting to be tested shall be agreed. This agreeme

29、nt shall state how these areas are to be tested, i.e. point testing or scanning, and in which directions. NOTE These areas should be preferably indicated on the casting drawing. For wall thicknesses outside of the range 10 mm to 500 mm, agreement shall be made between the parties concerned on the te

30、st procedure and also on the recording and acceptance levels. 4.3 Maximum permissible size of discontinuities Unless otherwise agreed between the parties concerned, the maximum permissible sizes of discontinuities shall not exceed those of the severity level given in either Table 1 resp. 2 and/or Ta

31、ble 3 resp. 4. 4.4 Personnel qualification Unless otherwise agreed, testing shall be performed by personal, qualified in accordance with EN 473 or by a certification scheme which is considered to be equivalent. 4.5 Wall section zones The wall section shall be divided into zones as shown in Figure 1.

32、 For wall thickness equal to or less than 10 mm the total wall thickness shall be considered as rim zone. Unless otherwise agreed these wall sections shall relate to the dimensions of the casting in the “as delivered” condition. When a discontinuity is located simultaneously in both, the rim zone an

33、d the core zone, the following applies: 50 % in the rim zone, the specified area of the largest discontinuity for the rim zone shall be doubled; 200 200 200 200 Percent of wall area % 15 20 25 30 Largest discontinuity in the rim zone a,bcm c3 5 8 6 10 10 10 20 20 Largest discontinuity in the core zo

34、ne cm c25 50 100 100 150 200 150 200 300 200 Total area of discontinuities as percentage of tested surface % c10 10 10 10 15 15 15 20 20 15 20 30 aFor dross see Table 4. bRim zone, see Figure 1. cNo indications exceeding the limits given in Table 6. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 14 Table 3 M

35、aximum permissible indicated thickness of dross layer for areas to be left un-machined Small castings Mark Severity level VU1.2 VU2.2 VU3.2 VU4.2 VU5.2 Percentage of wall thickness a5 10 15 20 aNo indications exceeding the limits given in Table 6. Table 4 Maximum permissible indicated thickness of d

36、ross layer for areas to be left un-machined Large castings Mark Severity level 01 1 2 3 4 Percentage of wall thickness a10 15 20 25 aNo indications exceeding the limits given in Table 6. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 15 Table 5 Requirements for ultrasonic testing suitability Wall thickness o

37、f the casting in the tested area Smallest flat-bottomed hole diameter detectable according to 5.2 mm mm 10 to 20 3 20 to 100 5 100 to 250 8 250 to 500 10 Table 6 Ultrasonic indications to be evaluated Wall thickness of the casting in the tested area Evaluation limits Reduction of back-wall echo Smal

38、lest flat-bottomed hole diameter detectable according to 5.2 Echo height above noise level amin. min.mm dB mm dB 10 to 20 12 3 6 20 to 100 20 5 100 to 250 8 12 250 to 500 10 aOnly for areas where no back-wall echo is obtained due to the casting geometry. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 16 Key

39、1 rim zone 2 core zone t wall thickness a t/5 (min. 5 mm, max. 30 mm) Figure 1 Division of wall section into zones BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 17 Key Y1 angle of refraction cin spheroidal graphite cast iron X sound velocity of transverse wave ctransin metres per second Y2 nominal angle of

40、refraction in steel alongitudinal and transverse wave simultaneously Figure 2 Determination of the nominal angle of refraction in spheroidal graphite cast iron for an angle-beam probe with known angle of refraction in steel BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 18 tA=2tanarcc where cis the angle of

41、refraction in the casting; A is the distance between the probe indexes of the angle-beam probes at maximum signal; t is the wall thickness. Key 1 angle beam probes of same type 2 test piece or reference block Figure 3 Determination of the angle of refraction in spheroidal graphite cast iron using an

42、gle-beam probes BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 19 Key ascanning position A bscanning position B cA scan from scanning position A dA scan from scanning position B Dimension in through-wall direction d = t - (s1+ s2) where s1, s2 are the sound path lengths; t is the wall thickness. Figure 4 Det

43、ermination of the dimensions of discontinuities in through-wall direction using normal probes BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 20 Key t wall thickness s1 sound path length d thickness of the dross layer Figure 5 Determination of the thickness of the dross layer in through-wall direction using n

44、ormal probes BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 21 Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition Table A.1 Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition Clause/Paragraph/Table/Figure Change3.1 Te

45、rm and definition of “dross“ added 4.1 Notes 1 and 2, description of typical differences between small and large castings added 4.5 New definition of core and rim zone added 5.5.6.4 Added Tables 1 and 3 New tables for small castings added Tables 2 and 4 Table 2 for large castings based on the previo

46、us Table 1 of EN 12680-3:2003: new severity level 01, new values for severity level 1, no changes in severity level 2, 3 and 4, deletion of severity level 5; Table 4 for dross based on the previous Table 2 of EN 12680-3:2003: new severity level 01, new values for severity level 1, 2, 3 and 4, deleti

47、on of severity level 5 Figure 5 Added NOTE The technical changes referred include the significant technical changes from the revised EN but this is not an exhaustive list of all modifications from the previous version. BS EN 12680-3:2011EN 12680-3:2011 (E) 22 Bibliography 1 Krautkramer J., Krautkram

48、er H.: Ultrasonic testing of materials, 4thedition (1990), Springer, Berlin, New York 2 Krautkrmer, J. und Krautkrmer, H., Werkstoffprfung mit Ultraschall, Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, 1986 3 EN 1370, Founding Examination of surface condition This page delibera

49、tely left blankBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standardsand other standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.British Standards Institution (BSI)raising standards worldwideBSI Group Headquarters389 Chiswick High R