BS EN 12127-1998 Textiles - Fabrics - Determination of mass per unit area using small samples《纺织品 织物 用小样品测定单位面积的质量》.pdf

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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12127 : 1998 The Eu

2、ropean Standard EN 12127 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Textiles Fabrics Determination of mass per unit area using small samplesThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sec

3、tor Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29132 4 BS EN 12127 : 1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the Engl

4、ish language version of EN 12127 : 1997. It supersedes Method 5 in BS 2471 : 1978 which is withdrawn by amendment. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text;

5、 present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtaine

6、d on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility

7、 of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligation

8、s. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassar

9、t 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12127 : 1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12127 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM October 1997 ICS 59.080.30 Descriptors: Textiles, fabrics, tests, determination, s

10、pecific areas, sampling, procedure English version Textiles Fabrics Determination of mass per unit area using small samples Textiles Etoffes De termination de la masse surfacique sur de petits e chantillons Textilien Textile Fla chengebilde Bestimmung der fla chenbezogenen Masse unter Verwendung kle

11、iner Proben This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 July 1997. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliograp

12、hical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CE

13、N member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,

14、 Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 12127 : 1997 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textile products, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a

15、national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following co

16、untries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.Page 3 EN 12127 : 1997 BSI 1998 Introduction This

17、method for the determination of mass per unit area is based on the measurement of small samples of fabrics in the conditioned and/or oven-dry state. Other possible methods are described in ISO 3801, Textiles Woven Fabrics Determination of mass per unit length and mass per unit area. 1 Scope This sta

18、ndard describes methods for the determination of the mass per unit area using small samples in the standard atmosphere for testing and/or oven-dry. It is applicable to woven and knitted fabrics. It may also be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques. 2 Normative References This European S

19、tandard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply

20、 to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 20139 : 1993 Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139 : 1979) EN 30012-1 : 1993 Quality assurance requirem

21、ents for measuring equipment Part 1: Metrological confirmation system for measuring equipment (ISO 10012-1 : 1992) 3 Definition For the purposes of this standard the following definition applies: 3.1 mass per unit area Mass of a known area of fabric divided by that area, expressed in grams per squar

22、e metre. 4 Principle The sample of fabric is conditioned in the relaxed state, specimens are cut, and weighed in the conditioned and/or oven-dry state, and the mass per unit area is calculated. 5 Sampling 5.1 Sampling from fabrics Select specimens either in accordance with the procedure laid down in

23、 the material specification for the fabric, or as agreed between the interested parties. In the absence of an appropriate material specification an example of a suitable sampling procedure is given in annex A. An example for selecting test specimens from a laboratory sample is given in annex B. Avoi

24、d test specimens with folded or creased areas, selvedges and areas not representative of the fabric. For non-homogeneous fabrics select specimens representative of the various areas, which shall be defined as agreed between the interested parties. 5.2 Sampling from garments When possible, take a spe

25、cimen from each of the different parts or elements of the garment. Example: for long leg underwear take two specimens from each leg and one from the top section. 6 Apparatus Testing equipment used shall conform to EN 30012-1 : 1993. 6.1 Cutting devices. 6.1.1 Cutting device with an area of cut of mi

26、nimum 100 cm 2 , capable of cutting to an accuracy of 1% . 6.1.2 Scissors, if no cutting device is to be used. 6.2 Rule, graduated in 0,5 mm. 6.3 Balance, accurate to 1 mg. 6.4 Weighing bottles, of suitable dimensions for the test specimens. 6.5 Drying oven, capable of maintaining (105 3)8C and equi

27、pped with air circulation. 6.6 Desiccator. 7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The atmosphere for preconditioning, conditioning and testing shall be as specified in EN 20139 : 1993Page 4 EN 12127 : 1997 BSI 1998 8 Procedure 8.1 Relaxation of fabrics It is important to ensure that the fabrics a

28、re in the relaxed state prior to testing. The fabrics shall be kept in a flat, tension-free state for at least 24 h during conditioning as specified in clause 7. Knitted fabrics may require a prior relaxation treatment in addition, as agreed between the parties. This shall be stated in the test repo

29、rt. 8.2 Determination of area Cut out at least five test specimens of minimum 100 cm 2 using the cutting device (6.1.1)o r scissors (6.1.2), avoiding distortion of the fabric. When using the cutting device, use the area of the cutting device for the calculation (see clause 9). When using scissors ta

30、ke three measurements of the length and three of the width of each test specimen, to the nearest 1 mm. From the mean values of length and width calculate the cut area of each test specimen, rounding the result to three significant figures. Use this measured area for the calculation (see clause 9). 8

31、.3 Determination of mass in the standard atmosphere for testing. Weigh the individual test specimens and record each value, to the nearest 1 mg. 8.4 Determination of oven-dry mass. Preheat the oven to (105 3)8C. Place the test specimens individually in weighing bottles and place the bottles with the

32、 lid adjacent to them in the oven and dry to constant mass, which shall be considered as attained when no progressive change in mass greater than 0,1 % occurs in successive weighings separated by a drying period of at least 40 min. NOTE. Experience has shown that a 4 h drying period is sufficient fo

33、r most textile fabrics. After drying place the lids on the weighing bottles and cool the bottles in a desiccator. Weigh the specimen in the bottle, and the bottle alone, and record each value. Calculate the individual oven-dry mass of each test specimen. 9 Expression of results For each test specime

34、n, calculate the mass per unit area, M, in grams per square metre using the following formula: M = m3 10000 A where: m is the mass of a test specimen, conditioned or oven-dry, in grams; A is the area of the same test specimen, in square centimetres. Calculate the mean mass per unit area in grams per

35、 square metre and round the result to three significant figures. If required, calculate the coefficient of variation to the nearest 0,1 %, the 95 % confidence limits and/or minimum and maximum values, rounded to three significant figures. 10 Test report The report shall include the following informa

36、tion: a) the reference to this standard and the date of test; b) identification of the test sample and if required, the sampling procedure; c) any treatment applied to the material before the test, and especially for knitted fabrics if any specific relaxation procedure has been carried out; d) the c

37、onditions of testing, in the standard atmosphere and/or oven-dry; e) any deviation from the given procedure; f) mean mass per unit area, in grams per square metre; g) if required, the coefficient of variation, in per cent; h) if required, the 95 % confidence limits, in grams per square metre; i) if

38、required, minimum and maximum values for test specimens, in grams per square metre.Page 5 EN 12127 : 1997 BSI 1998 Annex A (informative) Suggested prodedure for sampling A.1 Bulk Sample (number of pieces from a shipment or lot) Take at random from the shipment or lot, the appropriate number of piece

39、s as given in table 2. Ensure that no piece that shows signs of damage or dampness incurred during transit is included in the sample. Table A.1 Bulk sample Number of pieces in shipment or lot Number of pieces in bulk sample, minimum 3 or less 1 4t o1 0 2 11 to 30 3 31 to 75 4 76 or more 5 A.2 Labora

40、tory samples From each piece in the bulk sample, cut (from a position taken at random but at least 3 m from an end of the piece) a laboratory sample of length at least 1 m and of full width. Ensure that areas that are creased or that have a visible fault are not included in the sample.Page 6 EN 1212

41、7 : 1997 BSI 1998 Annex B (informative) Example of cutting test specimens from a laboratory sampleblankBSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

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