BS EN 4650-2010 Aerospace series - Wire and cable marking process UV Laser《航空航天系列 电线和电缆标识工序 紫外激光器》.pdf

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1、BS EN 4650:2010ICS 49.060NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAerospace series Wire and cablemarking process, UVLaserThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 April2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0

2、580 60446 1Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 4650:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 4650:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/6, Aerospace avionic electrical and fibre optictechnolo

3、gy.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom

4、legal obligations.BS EN 4650:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 4650 April 2010 ICS 49.060 English Version Aerospace series - Wire and cable marking process, UV Laser Srie arospatiale - Procd de marquage des fils et cbles par laser UV Luft- und Raumfahrt - Leitungs- und Kabelke

5、nnzeichnungsverfahren durch UV Laser This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-

6、to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation un

7、der the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, German

8、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG M

9、anagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 4650:2010: EBS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Applic

10、ability, terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations .63.1 Applicability 63.2 Terms and definitions .63.3 Symbols and abbreviations 94 Requirements 104.1 UV laser wire marking requirements 104.2 Design construction file . 104.3 Process requirements 104.4 System requirements . 114.5 Quality require

11、ments 125 Quality assurance provisions 125.1 Responsibility for inspection 125.2 Quality conformance inspection . 125.3 Verification inspection . 135.4 Quality conformance inspection . 136 Test methods . 136.1 Design construction file . 136.2 Laser wavelength (see Clause 8) 136.3 Laser pulse length

12、(see Clause 8) . 146.4 Applied laser fluence 146.5 Other laser parameters 146.6 IR radiation 156.7 Laser type 156.8 Laser output control . 156.9 Legibility and permanence 156.10 Mark contrast measurement 157 Packaging 158 Notes 158.1 Principle of the marking process 158.2 Markability of wire constru

13、ctions 168.3 Properties of UV laser marked insulation materials . 168.4 Laser wavelength 178.5 Pulse length . 188.6 Pulse repetition rate . 188.7 Laser type 18BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 4650:2010) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association

14、 of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This Europ

15、ean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elem

16、ents of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eu

17、ropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and

18、 the United Kingdom. BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 4 Introduction Ultraviolet (UV) laser wire marking was developed in 1987 to provide a safe, permanent means of marking thin wall insulations; it is now the aerospace industry standard method for marking wire identification codes on to the surface

19、of electrical wires and cables. It provides a simple, convenient, environmentally friendly, cost effective means of marking and identifying wires and jacketed cables. While a few larger airframe manufacturers have developed process standards and specifications for their own use during the introducti

20、on of this technology, there has been variability in the issues covered within these specifications and there has been no comprehensive standard process document developed for general use. The intended use of this document is to serve directly as a process standard for use by laser wire marking conc

21、erns. It can also serve as a model set of comprehensive requirements for use by organizations who intend to develop in-house laser marking process specifications or serve as a means for evaluating the adequacy and completeness of such specifications by procuring activities. BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:20

22、10 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard is applicable to the marking of aerospace vehicle electrical wires and cables using ultraviolet (UV) lasers. This standard specifies the process requirements for the implementation of UV laser marking of aerospace electrical wire and cable and fibre optic cable to achi

23、eve an acceptable quality mark using equipment designed for UV laser wire marking of identification codes on aircraft wire and cable subject to EN 3475-100, Aerospace series Cables, electrical, aircraft use Test methods Part 100: General. Wiring specified as UV laser markable and which has been mark

24、ed in accordance with this standard will conform to the requirements of EN 3838. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r

25、eferenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 3475-100, Aerospace series Cables, electrical, aircraft use Test methods Part 100: General EN 3475-705, Aerospace series Cables, electrical, aircraft use Test methods Part 705: Contrast measurement EN 3475-706, Aerospace series Cables, electr

26、ical, aircraft use Test methods Part 706: Laser markability EN 3838, Aerospace series Requirements and tests on user-applied markings on aircraft electrical cables 1)EN ISO 10012, Measurement management systems Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment (ISO 10012:2003) 1) Publis

27、hed as ASD Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard. BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 6 3 Applicability, terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following applicability and definitions apply. 3.1 Applicability This standard is applicable to

28、the marking of airframe electrical wires and cables using ultraviolet (UV) lasers. The laser process practices defined in this standard are mandatory. 3.2 Terms and definitions 3.2.1 cable electrical cable, unless noted as a fibre optic cable (two or more insulated conductors, solid or stranded, con

29、tained in a common covering, or two or more insulated conductors twisted or moulded together without common covering, or one insulated conductor with a metallic covering shield or outer conductor) 3.2.2 component electrical wire or multi-conductor cable or fibre optic cable 3.2.3 contrast measuremen

30、t relating to the difference in luminance of the mark and its associated background according to a precise formula 3.2.4 damage unacceptable reduction in the mechanical or electrical properties of the insulation, i.e. specifically a measurable reduction in the performance of the wire or cable that i

31、s outside of its defined specification or is otherwise unacceptable 3.2.5 excimer gas laser deriving its name from the term “excited dimer“ NOTE The laser is energized by means of an electrical discharge in a specialized mixture of rare gases and halogens. Excimer lasers are available operating at a

32、 number of discrete wavelengths throughout the UV, the most common of which are 193 nm, 248 nm, 308 nm and 351 nm. The wavelength is dependant only on the gas mix used; 308 nm is commonly used for UV laser wire marking. 3.2.6 fibre optic cable cable that is designed to transmit light waves between a

33、 light transmission source and a receiver NOTE In signal applications, the transmitter and receiver include devices that are used to convert between optical and electronic pulses. Typical cables include a glass or plastic core, a layer of cladding having a lower refractive index to refract or totall

34、y reflect light inward at the core/cladding boundary, a buffer, strength members and jacketing to protect the inner cable from environmental damage. 3.2.7 fluence energy density, measured in joules per square centimetre (J/cm2), of a single pulse of the laser beam, which is at the surface of the wir

35、e insulation or cable jacket BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 7 3.2.8 font defining shape and style of a character set for printing or marking 3.2.9 gauge wire size specified for a wire in a wire harness assembly by the wire harness assembly drawing 3.2.10 harmonic generation use of non-linear optica

36、l processes to change the wavelength of a laser, enabling the output of an infrared laser to be converted to shorter wavelengths NOTE In the case of Nd lasers this results in a frequency doubled output at 532 nm in the green and a frequency tripled output at 355 nm in the UV, which is used for wire

37、marking. 3.2.11 harness assembly of any number of wires, electrical/optical cables and/or groups and their terminations which is designed and fabricated so as to allow for installation and removal as a unit NOTE A harness may be an open harness or a protected harness. 3.2.12 infrared IR electromagne

38、tic radiation in the wavelength range from approximately 700 nm to in excess of 10 000 nm 3.2.13 insulation outer polymer covering of an electrical wire or multi-conductor cable or fibre optic cable 3.2.14 IR laser laser that produces a beam of radiation in the IR range 3.2.15 jacket outer protectiv

39、e covering for a cable 3.2.16 laser laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Lasers are a source of intense monochromatic light in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared region of the spectrum. The “active“ or lasing medium may be a solid, liquid or gas. The

40、 laser beam is generated by energizing the active medium using an external power source, which is most commonly electrical or optical 3.2.17 legibility properties of a mark that enable it to be easily and correctly read BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 8 3.2.18 luminance quantitative measurement of t

41、he visible light reflected from a surface, in this case the wire or cable insulation 3.2.19 mark meaningful alphanumeric or machine readable mark applied to the surface of a wire or cable jacket 3.2.20 markability ability of a wire construction to be marked to provide legible identification marks of

42、 a specified contrast when marked in accordance with this standard 3.2.21 neodymium Nd elemental metal that forms the active laser material in the most common type of solid state laser NOTE The neodymium is held in an optically transparent solid “host“ material, and is energized by optical input, ei

43、ther from a flash lamp or from the optical output from a diode laser. The host material does not play a direct role, but can slightly influence the laser wavelength. Typical host materials are specialized crystal materials, such as Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (YAG), Yttrium Lithium Fluoride (YLF) and Y

44、ttrium Vanadate (YVO4). These lasers are commonly referred to as Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Nd:YVO4 respectively. The primary wavelength of Nd solid state lasers is in the infrared (IR) at a wavelength of approximately 1 064 nm. The IR output of such lasers can be conveniently reduced to lower wavelengths s

45、uitable for wire marking by use of harmonic generation. 3.2.22 pulse length time interval between the laser energy crossing half the maximum energy on the rising and the falling edges of the pulse; referred to as FWHM full width half maximum NOTE Pulse lengths are measured in nanoseconds (ns). 1 ns

46、= 10-9s. 3.2.23 purchaser activity that can issue a purchase order or contract 3.2.24 quality conformance tests performed on production samples at a specified frequency to ensure that the requirements of this standard are met 3.2.25 quality conformance inspection process that includes measurements,

47、non-destructive tests, analysis, and associated data that will provide verification that a particular individual component continually conforms to the requirements defined in the standard 3.2.26 supplier original equipment manufacturer (OEM) or a value added manufacturer which has design and product

48、ion control of the processes used to produce the final product in accordance with the standard 3.2.27 ultraviolet UV electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range from approximately 200 nm to 400 nm BS EN 4650:2010EN 4650:2010 (E) 9 3.2.28 UV laser laser that produces a beam of radiation in the

49、UV range 3.2.29 verification inspection process that demonstrates that a product is capable of fully conforming to all the requirements defined in a standard NOTE Verification Inspection includes definition of the measurements, tests, analysis, and associated data that provides consistent rationale for acceptance of a particular suppliers design as meeting the standard requirements typically prior