BS EN 1097-2-2010 Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation《集料的机械和物理特性试验 抗碎裂性的测定方法》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1097-2:2010Tests for mechanical andphysical properties ofaggregatesPart 2: Methods for the determination ofresistance to fragmentationBS EN 1097-2:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNati

2、onal forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1097-2:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 1097-2:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/502, Aggregates.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on reque

3、st to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 68252 0ICS 91.100.15Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standa

4、rd was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 1097-2:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1097-2 March 2010 ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 1097-2:1998English Version Tes

5、ts for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation Essais pour dterminer les caractristiques mcaniques et physiques de granulats - Partie 2 : Mthodes pour la dtermination de la rsistance la fragmentation Prfverfahren fr mech

6、anische und physikalische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 2: Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Widerstandes gegen ZertrmmerungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions

7、for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offi

8、cial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria

9、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEA

10、N COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1097-2:2010: EBS EN 1097-2:2010

11、EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 41 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Apparatus .74.1 General apparatus .74.2 Additional apparatus required for the determination of resistance to fragmentation by the Los Angeles test method .74.3 Additional apparatus required for

12、the determination of resistance to fragmentation by the impact test method .95 Determination of resistance to fragmentation by the Los Angeles test method .95.1 Principle 95.2 Preparation of test portion 95.3 Test procedure 105.4 Calculation and expression of results 105.5 Test report . 106 Determin

13、ation of resistance to fragmentation by the impact test method . 106.1 Principle . 106.2 Preparation of test specimens 116.3 Test procedure 116.4 Calculation and expression of results 126.5 Test report . 12Annex A (normative) Determination of the resistance to fragmentation of aggregates for railway

14、 ballast . 13Annex B (informative) Alternative narrow range classifications for the Los Angeles test 16Annex C (informative) The impact tester: Construction, operation and safety requirements . 17C.1 General . 17C.2 Construction 17C.3 Lifting device . 17C.4 Sample holder . 18C.5 Anvil . 19C.6 Base p

15、late and dampers 19C.7 Safety requirements and testing . 20C.8 Checking of impact tester 20Annex D (informative) Checking of the impact tester . 27D.1 General . 27D.2 Checklist 27D.3 Apparatus and test agents . 27D.4 Procedure 29Annex E (informative) Precision . 31E.1 General . 31E.2 Los Angeles tes

16、t . 31E.3 Impact test . 31Annex F (informative) Worked example of calculation of impact value SZ 32BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 3 Annex G (informative) Alternative narrow range classification for the Los Angeles test of 16/32 mm recycled aggregates 33Bibliography 34BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:

17、2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1097-2:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the

18、latest by September 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any

19、or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1097-2:1998. This standard forms part of a series of tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates are covered by the following European Standards: EN 932 (all parts), Tests for gener

20、al properties of aggregates EN 933 (all parts), Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates EN 1367 (all parts), Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates EN 1744 (all parts), Tests for chemical properties of aggregates EN 13179 (all parts), Tests for filler aggregate used in bitu

21、minous mixtures EN 1097, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates, consists of the following parts: Part 1: Determination of the resistance to wear (micro-Deval) Part 2: Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voi

22、ds Part 4: Determination of the voids of dry compacted filler Part 5: Determination of the water content by drying in a ventilated oven Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler Pyknometer method Part 8: Determination of th

23、e polished stone value Part 9: Determination of the resistance to wear by abrasion from studded tyres Nordic test Part 10: Determination of water suction height According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement t

24、his European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 5 Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak

25、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard describes the reference method, the Los Angeles test, used for type testing and in case of dispute (and an alternative method, the impact test) for determining the re

26、sistance to fragmentation of coarse aggregates and aggregates for railway ballast (Annex A). For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. This European Standar

27、d applies to natural, manufactured or recycled aggregates used in building and civil engineering. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest

28、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 1: Methods for sampling EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of agg

29、regates Part 5: Common equipment and calibration EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution Sieving method EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution Test sieves, nomin

30、al size of apertures EN 1097-6:2000, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption EN 10025-2:2004, Hot rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels 3 Terms and d

31、efinitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Los Angeles coefficient LA percentage of the test portion passing a pre-determined sieve after completion of the test 3.2 impact value SZ value SZ which gives a measure of the resistance of aggregates to dyn

32、amic crushing, and is equal to one fifth of the sum of the mass percentages of the tested sample passing through five specified test sieves when tested in accordance with Clause 6 3.3 test specimen sample used in a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a pro

33、perty BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 7 3.4 test portion sample used as a whole in a single test 3.5 laboratory sample reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory testing 3.6 constant mass successive weighings after drying at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTE In

34、many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a pre-determined period in a specified oven (see 4.1.3) at (110 5) C. Test laboratories may determine the time required to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity

35、of the oven used. 4 Apparatus Unless otherwise stated, all apparatus shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 4.1 General apparatus 4.1.1 Test sieves, conforming to EN 933-2 with aperture sizes as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Test sieves Test Aperture size mm Los Angeles 1,6; 10; 11,2

36、 (or 12,5); 14 Impact test a 0,2; 0,63; 2; 5; 8; 10; 11,2; 12,5 aFor the impact test, because of the tolerances in the sieve openings, the same 8 mm test sieve used for the preparation of the test portion should again be used for the evaluation of the test. 4.1.2 Balance, capable of weighing the tes

37、t portion to an accuracy of 0,1 % of the mass of the test portion. 4.1.3 Ventilated oven, controlled to maintain a temperature of (110 5) C. 4.2 Additional apparatus required for the determination of resistance to fragmentation by the Los Angeles test method 4.2.1 Equipment, for reducing the laborat

38、ory sample to a test portion, as described in EN 932-2. 4.2.2 Los Angeles test machine, comprising the following essential parts. NOTE An example of a machine that has been found to be satisfactory is shown in Figure 1. BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 8 Key 1 internal length (508 5) mm 2 interna

39、l diameter (711 5) mm 3 shelf 4 cover and opening 5 rotation Figure 1 Typical Los Angeles testing machine 4.2.2.1 Hollow drum, made of structural steel plate (120,15,0+) mm thick conforming to grade S275 of EN 10025-2:2004 which has been selected to be formed without undue stress, and can be welded

40、without significant distortion. The drum shall be closed at both ends. It shall have an internal diameter of (711 5) mm and an internal length of (508 5) mm. The drum shall be supported on two horizontal stub axles fixed to its two end walls but not penetrating inside the drum; the drum shall be mou

41、nted so that it rotates about a horizontal axis. An opening (150 3) mm wide shall be provided, preferably over the whole length of the drum, to facilitate insertion and removal of the sample after the test. During the test, the opening shall be sealed so that it is dustproof, by using a removable co

42、ver which enables the inside surface to remain cylindrical. The cylindrical inner surface shall be interrupted by a projecting shelf, placed between 380 mm and 820 mm from the nearest edge of the opening. The distance shall be measured along the inside of the drum in the direction of rotation. The s

43、helf shall have a rectangular cross section (length equal to that of the drum, width (90 2) mm, thickness (25 1) mm) and it shall be placed in a diametrical plane, along a generating line, and shall be rigidly fixed in place. The shelf shall be replaced when its width at any point wears to less than

44、 86 mm and its thickness at any point along the front edge wears to less than 23 mm. The base of the machine shall be supported directly on a level concrete or stone block floor. NOTE The removable cover should be made of the same steel as the drum. The projecting shelf should be made of the same st

45、eel or a harder grade. 4.2.2.2 Ball load, consisting of 11 spherical steel balls, each with a diameter of between 45 mm and 49 mm (see Annex B). Each ball shall weigh between 400 g and 445 g, and the total load shall weigh between 4 690 g and 4 860 g. NOTE The nominal mass of the charge with new bal

46、ls is 4 840 g. A positive tolerance of 20 g allows for manufacturing variation and a negative tolerance of 150 g allows for ball wear in use. BS EN 1097-2:2010EN 1097-2:2010 (E) 9 4.2.2.3 Motor, imparting a rotational speed to the drum of between 31 min-1and 33 min-1. 4.2.2.4 Tray, for recovering th

47、e material and the ball load after testing. 4.2.2.5 Revolution counter, which will automatically stop the motor after the required number of revolutions. 4.3 Additional apparatus required for the determination of resistance to fragmentation by the impact test method 4.3.1 Impact tester, see Annex C.

48、 4.3.2 Equipment for testing the accuracy of the impact tester, see Annex D. NOTE Annexes C and D are informative and do not contain any normative provisions for the application of this European Standard. However, it is strongly recommended that all the informative provisions of these annexes be obs

49、erved when carrying out the test specified in Clause 6. 4.3.3 Brush and bowls. 5 Determination of resistance to fragmentation by the Los Angeles test method 5.1 Principle A sample of aggregate is rolled with steel balls in a rotating drum. After rolling is complete, the quantity of material retained on a 1,6 mm sieve is determined. 5.2 Prepara