BS EN 10001-1991 Definition and classification of pig-irons《生铁的定义和分类》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 10001:1991 Definition and classification of pig-irons This European Standard EN10001:1990 has the status of a British StandardBSEN10001:1991 This British Standard was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 31 January1991 BSI11-1999 The followi

2、ng BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ISM/32 Draft for comment86/40305DC ISBN 0 580 19172 9 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organiz

3、ations of the following Western European countries. Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V.

4、Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxemburg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardi

5、seringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation UnitedKingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date o

6、f issue CommentsBSEN10001:1991 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Brief history 2 Text of EN10001:1990 3 National appendix A Inside back coverBSEN10001:1991 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the d

7、irection of the Iron and Steel Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN10001 “Definition and classification of pig-irons” ratified by CEN/BT on28July1990. There is no equivalent British Standard to be withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to include all the neces

8、sary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN ti

9、tle page, pages2 to8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN10001 July1990 UDC669

10、.1:001.4 Key words: Iron- and steel products, pig castings, designation, classification, chemical composition, sampling English version Definition and classification of pig-irons Dfinition et classification des fontes brutes Begriffsbestimmung und Einteilung von Roheisen This European Standard was a

11、ccepted by CEN on28 July1990. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of CEN/CENELEC Common Rules which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such n

12、ational standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language

13、 and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland an

14、d UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1990 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref. No. EN10001:1990 EEN10001:1990 BSI 11-1999 2 Brief history This Europ

15、ean Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee ECISS/TC5 “Definition, classification and conventional designation of pig iron and ferro-alloys”. The secretariat is held by FES/DIN “Normenausschu Eisen und Stahl im DIN, Deutsches Institut fr Normung”. This European Standard replaces the EURONOR

16、M EU1-81 Definition and classification of pig-irons. This European Standard was adopted by CEN on28 July 1990. According to the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, being part of the Internal Regulations of CEN, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, F

17、inland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. Contents Page Brief history 2 1 Purpose 3 2 Definition 3 3 Sub-division of pig-irons 3 Annex A Sampling and preparation of samples intended for the determ

18、ination of the chemical composition of pig-irons 6 Figure 1 Selection of samples from machineable pig-iron 6 Table 1 Limits of the alloy contents for pig-iron 3 Table 2 Classification and designation of pig-iron according to its chemical composition 4 Table 3 Designations of various pig-irons classe

19、s 5EN10001:1990 BSI 11-1999 3 1 Purpose The purpose of this European Standard is to standardize the definition of pig-irons and to standardize the sub-division of pig-irons into different classes. 2 Definition A pig-iron is an iron-carbon alloy with more than2% C and with contents of other elements

20、equal to or less than the limit values given for them in Table 1. It is intended for further processing in the molten condition into steel or cast-iron. Pig-iron is delivered either in the molten state or in the solid state in primary forms such as pigs or similar solid pieces, and granulates. Table

21、 1 Limits of the alloy contents for pig-iron 3 Sub-division of pig-irons 3.1 Pig-iron is sub-divided into the classes indicated in Table 2 on the basis of its chemical composition. 3.2 In cases of doubt, the correct classification of the pig-iron into one of the classes indicated in Table 2 is to be

22、 determined by check analysis. The conditions for sampling including the conditions for the number of tests shall correspond to the conditions usually applied in cases of dispute for deliveries of disputed chemical composition(seeAnnex A). 3.3 The designations used in the different languages for the

23、 various classes of pig-iron are given in Table 3. Element Limit a Manganese Silicon Phosphorus Chromium Other alloying elements in total b u 30.0% u 8.0% u 3.0% u 10.0% u 10.0% a Materials with higher contents are ferro-alloys. b In cases of doubt, all elements for which a minimum content is specif

24、ied or whose content exceeds the lower limit given in Table 2, footnote8, paragraph (d), are, in accordance with Table 2, footnote8, paragraphs (c) and (d), regarded as “Other alloying elements” with the exception of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and chromium.EN10001:1990 4 BSI 11-1999 Tabl

25、e 2 Classification and designation of pig-iron according to its chemical composition a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pig-iron class % C total % Si % Mn % P % S max. Other No. Designation Abbreviation 1.1 Unalloyed Steel-making pig iron Low phosphorus Pig-P2 (3,3 to 4,8) u 1,0 b 0,4 to 6,0 (0,5 to1,5) u 0,25 0,0

26、6 c 1.2 High phosphorus Pig-P20 (0,3 to4,5) u 1,5 1,5 to2,5 0,08 2.1 Foundry pig iron d Pig-P1 Si (3,3 to4,5) 1,0 to4,0 b (1,5 to3,5) 0,4 to1,5 b u 0,12 0,06 2.2 Pig-P3 Si 0,12 to0,5 2.3 Pig-P6 Si 0,5 to1,0 (0,5 to0,7) 2.4 Pig-P12 Si 1,0 to1,4 2.5 Pig-P17 Si 1,4 to2,0 3.1 Nodular (SG)base Pig-Nod (3

27、,5 to4,6) u 3,0 b u 0,1 u 0,08 0,03 c,f 3.2 Nodular (SG)base higher manganese e Pig-Nod Mn u 4,0 b 0,1 to0,4 b 3.3 Low carbon Pig-LC 2,0 to3,5 u 3,0 b 0,4 to1,5 u 0,30 0,06 c 4.0 Other unalloyed pig-iron Pig-SPU g 5.1 Alloyed Spiegel iron Pig-Mn (4,0 to6,5) max.1,5 6,0 to30,0 b u 0,30 (u 0,20) 0,05

28、c 5.2 Other alloyed pig-iron Pig-SPA h a The unbracketed values are those which determine the classification of the pig-iron. Values given in brackets indicate, for information only, the ranges in which actual contents of the elements concerned normally lie. b By sub-dividing this range into various

29、 sub-ranges, the class of pig-iron concerned is normally further sub-divided into different grades. c No minimum values are specified for other elements. Depending, for example, on the raw materials used, the pig-iron may unintentionally contain elements other than those indicated in columns4 to8 an

30、d in percentages, for some elements, may reach a value of about0,5%. The contents of these indicated elements should not be used in the classification of the pig-iron. d For these classes of foundry pig-iron, different terms such as low, medium, intermediate and high phosphorus, normal haematite and

31、 semi-haematite, Cleveland etc.are used in the various parts of the world and this partly in a very different sense. Consequently, it is recommended to renounce on the international level on such terms and to apply as designations in these cases only the abbreviations given in column3. e Normally us

32、ed for either pearlitic nodular cast-iron or for malleable cast-iron. f A further characteristic of these pig-iron grades is that the contents of elements prejudicing the formation of nodular graphite and promoting the formation of carbide are low according to the intended use of the grade concerned

33、. g This class includes pig-iron that cannot be classified either in classes1.1 to3.3 or in classes5.1 and5.2. h Other alloyed pig-iron includes: a) pig-iron with a silicon content between4,0 and8,0%; b) pig-iron with a manganese content between6,0 and30,0%, provided that it cannot be classified as

34、Spiegel iron(seeclass5.1); c) pig-iron for which a minimum content is specified for at least one of the elements not specified in columns4 to8; d) pig-iron whose content of at least one of the following elements is within the limits indicated below: Cr 0,3 to10,0% Mo 0,1 up to the total content of10

35、,0% of “other” elements resulting from Table 1. Ni 0,3 Ti 0,2 V 0,1 W 0,1 EN 10001:1990 BSI 11-1999 5 Table 3 Designations of various pig-irons classes No. a Pig-iron class Abbreviation a German French English 1.1 1.2 Pig-P2 Pig-P20 Stahl-roheisen Phosphorarm Phosphorreich Fonte daffinage pauvre en

36、phosphore riche en phosphore Steel-making pig iron Low phosphorus High phosphorus 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 Pig-P1 Si Pig-P3 Si Pig-P6 Si Pig-P12 Si Pig-P17 Si Pig-Nod Pig-Nod Mn Pig-LC Unlegiert Giessereiroheisen b Non alliees Fonte de moulage b Unalloyed Foundry pig iron b b Sphaero Sphaero-

37、Mn Kohlenstoffarm graphite spheroidal graphite spheroidal Mn pauvre en carbone Nodular (SG) base Nodular (SG) base higher manganese Low carbon 4.0 Pig-SPU Sonatiges unlegiertes Roheisen autres fontes non allies Other unalloyed pigiron 5.1 5.2 Pig-Mn Pig-SPA Legiert Spiegeleisen Sonatiges legiertes R

38、oheisen Alliees fonte Spiegel Autres fontes allies Alloyed Spiegel iron Other alloyed pig iron a SeeTable 2. b See footnoted in Table 2. EN10001:1990 6 BSI 11-1999 Annex A Sampling and preparation of samples intended for the determination of the chemical composition of pig-irons A.1 Field of applica

39、tion This annex is applicable to pig-iron in the solid state, unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering. NOTEIn the case of pig-iron in the liquid state, special regulations are to be agreed between the producer and the purchaser. A.2 Number of pigs to be taken The number of pigs to be taken s

40、hall be representative of the batch. In cases of dispute, and if there has been no other agreement between the parties, the minimum number of pigs to be taken from each batch is given in the table below. A.3 Selection of samples A.3.1 The samples are to be taken at random, preferably in accordance w

41、ith one of the procedures described below. A.3.1.1 Case of pigs arranged in piles Throw a rope having a certain number of knots onto the pile. Take as samples the pigs touched by these knots. Repeat the operation until a sufficient number of pigs are obtained. A.3.1.2 Case of pigs being loaded or un

42、loaded Throughout the loading or unloading operations, take pigs as samples so that the time intervals between pigs are approximately equal. A.4 Preparation of the sample for analysis A.4.1 Chemical analysis A.4.1.1 Machineable pig-iron A.4.1.1.1 Determination of elements other than carbon In the ce

43、ntre of each pig taken from the batch, drill a hole12mm to14mm in diameter. Remove the first chips which may contain surface scale and other impurities. For the same reason, cease drilling approximately2mm from the opposite face of the pig(seeFigure 1, item1). Then treat the chips in accordance with

44、A.4.1.3. Mass of the batch t Minimum number of pigs to be taken u 10 9 10 u 20 11 20 u 40 12 40 u 80 14 80 u 160 16 160 u 300 18 300 u 600 21 600 24 1 First hole for taking chips for the determination of elements other than carbon(seeA.4.1.1.1). 2a) Second hole for taking chips for the determination

45、 of the carbon content when using procedure A(seeA.4.1.1.2). 2b) Rapid solidification zone from which fragments are to be taken for the determination of the carbon content when using procedure B in accordance withA.4.1.1.2. Figure 1 Selection of samples from machineable pig-ironEN10001:1990 BSI 11-1

46、999 7 A.4.1.1.2 Determination of carbon Apply one of the two procedures A or B below. In cases of dispute, apply procedure A. Procedure A In the centre of each pig taken from the batch and on each side, drill a hole12mm to14mm in diameter (where appropriate, use the hole drilled in accordance withA.

47、4.1.1). Remove the scale and other impurities about the holes on both sides of the pigs. Then drill another hole coaxial with the first hole,20 to24mm in diameter in such a way that large chips are obtained and collected in a suitable containerseeFigure 1, item2a). Then treat these chips in accordan

48、ce withA.4.1.3. Procedure B Using a gouge or a chisel, remove from the pigs small chips of suitable size(A.4.1.3) from the lower bulging face in the skin zone which solidifies rapidly, and is in practice free from segregation to a thickness of5mmseeFigure 1, item2b). It should be checked that the ch

49、ips are taken from a fractured surface or, if the pigs have not been broken, that the surface impurities have been previously removed, e.g.by grinding. Then treat these chips in accordance withA.4.1.3. A.4.1.2 Non-machineable pig-iron Break up each pig taken from the batch, for example with a pneumatic hammer, then reduce further until pieces of a suitable size for further reduction toA.4.1.3 are obtained. A.4.1.3 Sample for analysis for the determinat