BS 7533-4-2006 Pavements constructed with clay natural stone or concrete pavers - Code of practice for the construction of pavements of precast concrete flags or natural stone slab.pdf

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1、BS 7533-4:2006Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 4: Code of practice for the construction of pavements of precast concrete flags or natural stone slabsICS 93.080.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and

2、 copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49377 6The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/507Draft for comment 05/30095056 DCPublication historyFirst publishe

3、d April 1998Second edition November 2006Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no. Date Text affectedBS 7533-4:2006 BSI 2006 iBS 7533-4:2006ContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 24 Structure of pavement 45 Construction of pavement 46 Construction in adverse we

4、ather conditions 147 Additional work after early trafficking 15AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Recommended typical pavement layouts for vehicle crossings 16Annex B (normative) Maximum permissible deviations on surface levels 21Annex C (informative) Compaction equipment for base compaction 22Annex D (in

5、formative) Compaction equipment for compacting surface layer 22Annex E (informative) Flow chart of the general process of construction 23Bibliography 24List of figuresFigure 1 Typical cross-section of a pavement 4Figure 2 Typical section of pavement including edge restraint 6Figure 3 Typical ways of

6、 cutting flags 14Figure A.1 Example of a ramped crossing 17Figure A.2 Example of a dropped crossing 18Figure A.3 Example of a runout corner 19Figure A.4 Example of a new town corner 20Figure A.5 Example of a bonded corner 20Figure A.6 Example of a splayed corner 21Figure E.1 General process of const

7、ruction 23List of tablesTable 1 Minimum time between finishing the sub-base/roadbase and starting the laying course surface 5Table 2 Applications and laying course material 7Table 3 Laying course material recommendations 9Table 4 Jointing material recommendations 10Table 5 Laying course material gra

8、ding (BS EN 12620:2002 GF85 0/4 (MP) fine aggregate) 12Table 6 Jointing material grading (BS EN 12620:2002 GF85 0/4 (MP) fine aggregate) 13Table B.1 Tolerance of surface levels 21Table B.2 Surface regularity of the surface course 21Table C.1 Recommended compaction equipment for base compaction 22Sum

9、mary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 7533-4:2006ii BSI 2006 This page deliberately left blank BSI 2006 iiiBS 7533-4:2006ForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 7533 was published by BSI

10、 and came into effect on 30 November 2006. It was prepared by Technical Committee B/507, Paving units, kerbs, screeds and in-situ floorings. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis part of BS 7533 supersedes BS 7533-4:1998, w

11、hich is withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 7533 consists of the following parts: Part 1: Guide for the structural design of heavy duty pavements constructed of clay pavers or precast concrete paving blocks; Part 2: Guide for the structural design of lightly trafficked pavements constru

12、cted of clay pavers or precast concrete paving blocks; Part 3: Code of practice for laying precast concrete paving blocks and clay pavers for flexible pavements; Part 4: Code of practice for the construction of pavements of precast concrete flags or natural stone slabs; Part 5: Guide for the design

13、of pavements (other than structural aspects); Part 6: Code of practice for laying natural stone, precast concrete and clay kerb units; Part 7: Code of practice for the construction of pavements of natural stone setts and cobbles; Part 8: Guide for the structural design of lightly trafficked pavement

14、s of precast concrete flags and natural stone slabs; Part 9: Code of practice for the construction of rigid pavements of clay pavers; Part 10: Guide for the structural design of trafficked pavements constructed of natural stone setts; Part 11: Code of practice for the opening, maintenance and reinst

15、atement of pavements of concrete, clay and natural stone; Part 12: Guide to the structural design of trafficked pavements constructed on a bound base using concrete paving flags and natural stone slabs.BS 7533-4:2006iv BSI 2006Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this part of BS 7533 takes the

16、 form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this part of BS 7533 is expected to be able to justify any course of action that d

17、eviates from its recommendations.It has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose use it has been produced.Presentational conventionsThe provisions in this standard are

18、presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.The word “should” is used

19、 to express recommendations of this standard. The word “may” is used in the text to express permissibility, e.g. as an alternative to the primary recommendation of the clause. The word “can” is used to express possibility, e.g. a consequence of an action or an event.Notes and commentaries are provid

20、ed throughout the text of this standard. Notes give references and additional information that are important but do not form part of the recommendations. Commentaries give background information.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provis

21、ions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI 2006 1BS 7533-4:20061 ScopeThis part of BS 7533 gives recommendations for laying precast concrete flags conforming to BS EN 1339 and natural sto

22、ne slabs conforming to BS EN 1341 intended for use in the construction of carriageways, footways, pedestrian areas and pavements for rigid and flexible construction for the different application as given in Table 5 and designed in accordance with BS 7533-8 and BS 7533-12.NOTE Guidance on the reinsta

23、tement of pavements is given in BS 7533-11.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amend

24、ments) applies.BS 6100-2, Glossary of building and civil engineering terms Part 2: Civil engineeringBS 7533-1:2001, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 1: Guide for the structural design of heavy duty pavements constructed of clay pavers or precast concrete paving

25、blocksBS 7533-2:2001, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 2: Guide for the structural design of lightly trafficked pavements constructed of clay pavers or precast concrete paving blocksBS 7533-3:2005, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete paver

26、s Part 3: Code of practice for laying precast concrete paving blocks and clay pavers for flexible pavementsBS 7533-8, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 8: Guide for the structural design of lightly trafficked pavements of precast concrete flags and natural stone

27、slabsBS 7533-11, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 11: Code of practice for the opening, maintenance and reinstatement of pavements of concrete, clay and natural stoneBS 7533-12, Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers Part 12: Guide to

28、the structural design of trafficked pavements constructed on a bound base using concrete paving flags and natural stone slabsBS EN 206-1, Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformityBS EN 998-2:2003, Specification for mortar for masonry Part 2: Masonry mortarBS EN 1338:2003

29、, Concrete paving blocks Requirements and test methodsBS EN 1339:2003, Concrete paving flags Requirements and test methodsBS 7533-4:20062 BSI 2006BS EN 1341:2001, Slabs of natural stone for external paving Requirements and test methodsBS EN 1342:2001, Setts of natural stone for external paving Requi

30、rements and test methodsBS EN 12620:2002, Aggregates for concreteBS EN 13286-49, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 49: Accelerated swelling test for soil treated by lime and/or hydraulic binderHIGHWAYS AGENCY. Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works, Volume 1: Specification for Hi

31、ghway Works, London: The Stationery Office3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 7533, the terms and definitions given in BS 6100-2 and the following apply.3.1 flagprecast concrete unit, used as a surfacing material, with an overall length that does not exceed 1 m and an overall

32、length which when divided by its thickness is greater than fourBS EN 1339:2003, definition 3.23.2 slabunit of natural stone used as a paving material, in which the working width exceeds 150 mm and also generally exceeds two times the thicknessBS EN 1341:2001, definition 3.13.3 paving uniteither a pr

33、ecast concrete flag or natural stone slab3.4 concrete paving blockprecast concrete unit, used as a surfacing material, in which, at a distance of 50 mm from any edge, any cross-section does not show a horizontal dimension less than 50 mm and with an overall length which when divided by its thickness

34、 is less than or equal to fourNOTE These two conditions are not applicable to complementary fittings.BS EN 1338:2003, definition 3.23.5 natural stone settsmall natural stone paving block with work dimensions between 50 mm and 300 mm and no plan dimension generally exceeding twice the thickness. The

35、nominal thickness is 50 mm BS EN 1342:2001, definition 3.13.6 surface courselayer of paving units that acts as a wearing surface and forms part of the structure of the pavementBS 7533-3:2005, definition 3.14 BSI 2006 3BS 7533-4:20063.7 laying courselayer of material on which paving units are beddedB

36、S 7533-1:2001, definition 3.13.8 subgradeupper part of the soil, natural or constructed, that supports the loads transmitted by the overlaying road structureBS 7533-2:2001, definition 3.33.9 pavementpaved area subject to pedestrian and/or vehicular trafficBS 7533-2:2001, definition 3.43.10 sub-baseo

37、ne or more layers of material placed immediately above the subgradeBS 7533-2:2001, definition 3.53.11 roadbaseone or more layers of material placed above the sub-base that constitute the main structural elements of a pavementBS 7533-2:2001, definition 3.63.12 sub-layerlayer below the laying course a

38、nd above the subgrade which may include either or both sub-base and roadbase layers3.13 restraintdevice that serves to prevent lateral movement of the paving units and to prevent loss of the laying course materialBS 7533-3:2005, definition 3.33.14 edge restraintrestraint used at the edges of an area

39、 being pavedBS 7533-3:2005, definition 3.43.15 joint widthdistance between two adjacent paving units or between paving units and restraintBS 7533-3:2005, definition 3.183.16 commercial vehiclesvehicle having an unladen weight exceeding 1.5 tBS 7533-1:2001, definition 3.113.17 standard axlesaxles car

40、rying a load of 8 200 kgBS 7533-1:2001, definition 3.113.18 bound constructionpaving units laid on and jointed with hydraulic mortar3.19 unbound constructionpaving units laid on and jointed with sandBS 7533-4:20064 BSI 20064 Structure of pavementA typical cross-section of a pavement is shown in Figu

41、re 1.5 Construction of pavementNOTE The procedure for constructing a pavement is represented in a flowchart in Figure E.1. The flowchart shows a general sequence of operations that reflects the construction process.5.1 Subgrade, sub-base and roadbaseThe subgrade, sub-base and roadbase should be desi

42、gned in accordance with BS 7533-8 or BS 7533-12.Preparation of the subgrade and construction of the sub-base and roadbase should generally be in accordance with current practice as described in the Highways Agencys Specification for Highway works except for reinstatements where reference should be m

43、ade to BS 7533-11.NOTE 1 The sub-base can be used as the roadbase in an unbound pavement.Figure 1 Typical cross-section of a pavementKey1 Surface course2 Laying course3 Roadbase/sub-base4 Capping layer5 Subgrade 23415 BSI 2006 5BS 7533-4:2006The subgrade, sub-base and roadbase (if present) should be

44、 presented such that:a) the surface levels of the sub-base and roadbase (if present) are within the tolerances given in Annex B;b) longitudinal falls and cross falls of the completed pavement are introduced into the pavement at the subgrade level to allow the water to run off, and avoiding ponding;N

45、OTE 2 A minimum longitudinal fall of 1.25% and a minimum cross fall of 2.5% are recommended for carriageways using paving units as a channel. For other areas a 1% longitudinal and 1.25% cross falls are recommended and for carriageways using proprietary systems a 2.5% cross fall is recommended with a

46、 longitudinal fall as recommended by the supplier.c) the surface of the sub-base and roadbase (if present) is tight and dense enough to prevent laying course material being lost into it during construction and use except where the pavement is used as a permeable pavement in which case alternatives s

47、hould be made to prevent the loss of bedding material;d) the extent of the site preparation includes enough room to provide adequate foundations and backing for any edge restraint.Where the sub-base or roadbase contains hydraulic binder and is not to be covered by another pavement course within 2 h,

48、 it should be protected from moisture loss, e.g. by covering with plastic sheeting. If a curing membrane or compound is used, the manufacturers instructions should be followed.The appropriate minimum time given in Table 1 should be allowed to elapse before starting to lay the surface course.Table 1

49、Minimum time between finishing the sub-base/roadbase and starting the laying course surfaceSub-base material Minimum time for surface course compacted with paviours maul A)Minimum time for surface course compacted with a vibrating plate A)hhNatural ground 0 0Granular sub-base material type 1 or type 200Bitumen-bound material 0 0Hydraulically bound material categories I, II or III072A) This minimum time applies at