BS 7516-1995 Nuclear instrumentation - Liquid-scintillation counting systems - Performance verification《核仪器 液态闪烁计数系统 性能鉴定》.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7516:1995 IEC 1304:1994 Nuclear instrumentation Liquid-scintillation counting systems Performance verificationBS7516:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Engineering SectorBoard (E/-), was publishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Board an
2、d comesinto effect on 15February1995 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference NCE/8 Special announcement in BSINews December 1994 ISBN 0 580 23682 X Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was
3、entrusted by the Engineering Sector Board to Technical Committee NCE/8, upon which the following bodies were represented: AEA Technology British Nuclear Forum British Nuclear Fuels plc Electricity Association GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Health and Safety Executive Institution of Nuclear Engineers Ministry
4、of Defence Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7516:1995 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Introduction 1 1 Scope and object 1 2 Normative reference 1 3 Definitions and symbols 1 4 Sources and materials 3 5 Operations a
5、nd tests 4 6 Precautions 6 Annex A (informative) Statistical tests of reproducibility The # 2test and other criteria 9 Annex B (informative) Performance monitoring log for liquid-scintillation counter 11 Annex C (informative) Physical properties of liquid scintillators and requirements for toluene a
6、cceptance 12 Table A.1 Result of 10 determinations and deviations from the mean 10 Table A.2 # 2values 10 List of references Inside back coverBS7516:1995 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board and is the English la
7、nguage version of IEC 1304:1994 Nuclear instrumentation Liquid-scintillation counting systems Performance verification, published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC 1304 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kingdom took an active part. Th
8、e Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 582:1977 to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of
9、British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-reference International Standard Corresponding British Standard IEC 1304 BS 5541:1978 Specification for dimensions of vials for liquid
10、scintillation counting (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated
11、in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS7516:1995 BSI 11-1999 1 Introduction Liquid-scintillation counting systems are widely used for radionuclide assay in industrial applications, nuclear medicine and life-science research. A typical system is a combination of a sample-changing device w
12、ith a liquid-scintillation spectrometer such that a number of samples may be counted automatically. The liquid-scintillation spectrometer usually consists of a sample chamber, two horizontally opposed photomultiplier tubes viewing the sample chamber and the associated electronics to detect and recor
13、d the presence of radioactivity in the sample. The sample compartment may be either air-cooled or refrigerated (controlled temperature). The liquid-scintillation counter is so named because the usual radioactive sample assayed is either dissolved or dispersed in a solution containing one or more org
14、anic scintillators. This International Standard is particularly useful for tritium and carbon-14 counting but is applicable also for counting of other radionuclides. 1 Scope and object The purpose of this International Standard is to provide the user with a means of verifying the performance of typi
15、cal liquid-scintillation counting systems. Measures of performance considered in this standard are: counting system efficiency; reproducibility of sample and background count rates. This standard does not cover the calculation of sample activity for quenched samples. Accordingly, this standard does
16、not deal with sample preparation, efficiency correlation (quench correction) procedures, or the identification of unknown radionuclides. 2 Normative reference The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Stand
17、ard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated belo
18、w. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 582:1977, Dimensions of vials for liquid scintillation counting. 3 Definitions and symbols 3.1 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. background check so
19、urce sealed vial of liquid-scintillation solution containing no added radioactive material background count rate (in radioactivity counters) count rate recorded by the instrument when measuring a background check source check source radioactive source, not necessarily calibrated, that is used to con
20、firm the continuing satisfactory operation of an instrument counting channel region of the pulse-height spectrum that is defined by upper and lower boundaries set by discriminators counting efficiency ratio of the count rate, R, to the disintegration rate, A, usually expressed as a percentage: E = (
21、R/A) 100 counting region identifies the first and last memory location of a contiguous series to be summed in a multichannel analyserBS7516:1995 2 BSI 11-1999 gain, photomultiplier tube ratio of the signal output current to the photoelectric signal current from the photocathode liquid-scintillation
22、solution solution consisting of a solvent (or mixture of solvents) and one or more scintillator solutes organic-scintillator solute material organic compound that can absorb radiant energy and immediately (typically within 10 9s) re-emit this energy as photons in the ultra-violet range pulse height
23、analyser circuit that produces an output signal if it receives an input pulse whose amplitude falls between preset upper and lower values pulse height analyser, multichannel circuit that accepts all input pulses and assigns each pulse to a memory location corresponding to its amplitude quenched samp
24、le counting sample (material of interest plus liquid-scintillation solution) that contains chemical impurities that reduce the photon output resolving time minimum time that shall exist between successive events if they are to be counted as separate events unquenched sample counting sample (material
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