BS 7000-6-2005 Design management systems - Managing inclusive design - Guide《设计管理系统 包含设计的管理 指南》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-6:2005Incorporating Corrigenda Nos. 1 and 2Design management systems Part 6: Managing inclusive design GuideICS 03.100g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g

2、60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS 7000-6:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and strategy Committee on 4 February 2005 BSI 18 November 2005The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard:Committee reference MS/4Draft

3、 for comment DC04/3008399ISBN 0 580 44902 5Committees responsible for this British StandardThe preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee MS/4, Design management systems, upon which the following bodies were represented:Association for Project ManagementAssociation of

4、Innovation ManagementAssociation of MBAsBritish Standards SocietyBSI Consumer Policy CommitteeDefence Manufacturers AssociationDepartment of Trade and Industry (Design Policy and Services)Design CouncilEngineering Industries AssociationFederation of Small BusinessesInstitute of Quality AssuranceInst

5、itution of Civil EngineersInstitution of Electrical EngineersInstitution of Engineering DesignersInstitution of Mechanical EngineersMinistry of DefenceNAFEMSRoyal Institute of British ArchitectsUMISTUniversity of GlasgowUniversity of SurreyDrafting committeeThe drafting committee MS/4/-/10, Inclusiv

6、e design, comprised of representatives from the following organizations:Association of Greater London Older WomenAssociation of MBAsBSI-CPC Consumer Representation in StandardizationCentre of Policy on AgeingDesign CouncilHelen Hamlyn Research Centre, Royal College of ArtRoyal National Institute for

7、 Deaf PeopleTesco StoresThe Chartered Institution of Building Services EngineersUniversity of CambridgeUniversity of ReadingBSI committee OC/13/-/2 liaison via the Royal National Institute of the BlindAmendments issued since publicationAmd. No Date Comments15638Corrigendum No. 120 May 2005 Correctio

8、n to Committees responsible15949Corrigendum No. 218 November 2005 Correction to Figure 2BS 7000-6:2005 BSI 18 November 2005iContentsPageCommittees responsible Inside front coverForeword iii0 Introduction 11Scope 22 Normative references 33 Terms and definitions 34 Managing inclusive design at the org

9、anization level 54.1 General 54.2 Responsibility for inclusive and assignment of tasks 74.3 Reviews of current operations, facilities, knowledge and achievements 74.4 Formulation of inclusive design mission statement, objectives, strategies and plans 84.5 Initiating a corporate campaign to introduce

10、 a new orientation towards inclusive design 94.6 Communication of inclusive design objectives, strategies and programme 94.7 Introducing inclusivity into corporate identity and culture 104.8 Corporate infrastructure for managing inclusive design 104.9 Inclusive design in the master design programme

11、104.10 Totality of products, services, processes and facilities 104.11 Closeness to markets and success of products 114.12 Product development and marketing strategies 114.13 Impact of launch on lifetime profitability of product 124.14 Promotion, distribution, customer support and disposal 124.15 Le

12、gal aspects of managing inclusive design 124.16 Innovative alliances 124.17 Investment programmes featuring inclusive design 134.18 Reviews and control of inclusive design standards, activities and procedures 134.19 Evaluation of corporate performance 134.20 Summary check list for introducing a prof

13、essional approach to inclusive design management into an organization 145 Managing inclusive design at the project level 165.1 General 165.2 Overview of managing inclusive design projects 165.3 Primary stages of inclusive design projects 215.4 Summary checklist of basics of effective inclusive desig

14、n management (project level) 33Annex A The challenge of leading inclusivity in business 34Annex B Tools and techniques for managing inclusive design 39BS 7000-6:2005ii BSI 18 November 2005Figure 1 Process for adopting a professional approach to inclusive design at the organization level 6Figure 2 Ma

15、p of primary design project stages 17Figure 3 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 1: First awareness and understanding of opportunity 22Figure 4 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 2: Feasibility/Clarify opportunity and prepare cont

16、ext 23Figure 5 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 3: Design origination Identify/generate options address opportunity 24Figure 6 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 4: Design origination Develop preferred solution concept(s) 25Figu

17、re 7 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 5: Design development Detail design 26Figure 8 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 6: Design implementation Realize complete product for delivery 27Figure 9 Detail relating to primary stages

18、of inclusive design projects, Stage 7: Launch product 28Figure 10 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 8: Sustain product in the market through improvements and updates 29Figure 11 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 9: Create range/

19、develop integrated system of products to extend market reach over livecycle 30Figure 12 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, stage 10: Withdraw product from market 31Figure 13 Detail relating to primary stages of inclusive design projects, Stage 11: Lifetime review of proj

20、ect and product experience, and overall inclusive design approach 32Figure A.1 UK population by age 34Figure A.2 People with special needs in the UK (approximate % of population) 35Figure A.3 Single and multiple capability loss Prevalence of capabilities (% of UK 65+ population) 36Figure A.4 Single

21、and multiple capability loss prevalence of capabilities (% of UK 16+ population) 37Figure A.5 People likely to experience problems using IT as a percentage of UK population 38Figure B.1 User pyramid 43Figure B.2 Inclusive design cube 44Bibliography 46BS 7000-6:2005 BSI 18 November 2005iiiForewordThi

22、s Part of BS 7000 has been published under the authority of MS/4.The BS 7000 series of British Standards currently comprises the following parts: Part 1: Guide to managing innovation; Part 2: Guide to managing the design of manufactured products; Part 3: Guide to managing service design; Part 4: Gui

23、de to managing design in construction; Part 5: Guide to managing obsolescence; Part 6: Managing inclusive design Guide; Part 10: Glossary of terms used in design management.The BS 7000 series of British Standards are relevant to all types of products and services, and to the business processes invol

24、ved in their creation, fabrication, delivery and sustenance in the market, right through to final disposal, including the management of obsolescence. They apply to all levels of staff and management in all types of organizations operating in the manufacturing, process, service and construction indus

25、tries, as well as in the public and not-for-profit sectors. Those adopting this standard should seek to benefit from all other relevant parts of this series. BS 7000-6 will be supported by a regularly updated list of useful publications, organizations, links and resources relating to inclusive desig

26、n. The intention is to guide newcomers to relevant literature and act as an access point to key websites for use at the discretion of readers. This will be hosted by the Design Council at: www.designcouncil.org.uk/inclusivedesign.In addition, an extended bibliography of related UK, EU and other Euro

27、pean standards and more specialist publications will be downloadable in portable document format (pdf). Originally for the joint CEN/CENELEC Working Group CEN/BTWG 113 Safety and usability of products by people with special needs, and CENELEC BT/WG 101-5 Usability and safety of electrical products w

28、ith reference to people with special needs.Users are also advised to consider the desirability of applying the guidance provided by the BS 7000 series of British Standards to fill in the detail relating to managing design when adopting the BS EN ISO 9000, BS ISO/IEC TR 10000, BS EN ISO 14001 and ISO

29、 19000 series, as well as BS 6079, BS 8300 and BS 8800. Users are invited to submit technical comments, observations and suggestions to the Technical Committee MS/4 Secretary at BSI (see address on back cover). This will assist the Committee when it reviews the standard in due course and considers a

30、dditional parts to the BS 7000 series.This publication is available in larger font. Please contact BSI Customer Service for further information (details on the back cover).This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a

31、pplication.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 47 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the

32、document was last issued.ivblankBS 7000-6:2005 BSI 18 November 200510 Introduction0.1 GeneralIt is increasingly recognized that disability is not a simple consequence of an individuals impaired capability, but results from a failure to take proper account of the needs, capabilities and preferences o

33、f all potential users when designing products and services. Internationally, significant legislation, regulations and changing attitudes within society have created a framework for a more inclusive society.NOTE See definition of “product” 3.14.Organizations that fail to ensure that their products me

34、et the needs of the wider population will be exposed to the possibility of litigation and damage to their reputations. Those adopting a pro-active approach based on a better understanding of consumer needs and aspirations stand to benefit from an improved quality of products; increased sales and cus

35、tomer satisfaction and loyalty; stronger brand values and enhanced brand recognition; greater profitability and improved returns on investment. Everyone benefits.0.2 What is inclusive design?Inclusive design is comprehensive, integrated design which encompasses all aspects of a product used by consu

36、mers of diverse age and capability in a wide range of contexts, throughout the products lifecycle from conception to final disposal.Its ultimate goal is to meet the needs of all such consumers and is based on the principle that appropriate access to information, products and facilities is a fundamen

37、tal human right.Inclusive design needs to be a key element in an inclusive business strategy. This standard provides a strategic framework and associated processes by which business executives and design practitioners can understand and respond to the needs of diverse users without stigma or limitat

38、ions. By determining the capability demands of a product on users, it is possible to identify and quantify those who have difficulty with, or cannot use it. Designing products to lessen such demands can attract valuable additional market sectors often excluded by competitors. Indeed, satisfaction is

39、 more likely throughout the customer base when usability is ensured for all in the target market population.The true accessibility of products is determined by the accessibility of their weakest component whether packaging, instructions, interface, after sales service and so on. Concentrating attent

40、ion on one component while neglecting others is likely to result in a product that is weak overall.Inclusive design recognizes diversity by addressing the ability and preferences, for example, of people who: have impaired vision and/or hearing (including colour blindness, etc.); are from different c

41、ultures (with different languages, values and/or customs); have language and/or speech impairments (resulting in difficulties with reading, comprehension and in expressing oneself); have physical limitations (whether due to temporary or permanent reductions in strength, movement and/or co-ordination

42、; allergies, sensitivity to electromagnetic radiation, etc.); are of different ages; have varying cognitive abilities; have different dietary requirements for medical reasons or through choice; have different requirements because of their gender.BS 7000-6:20052 BSI 18 November 20050.3 Why inclusive

43、design?The business case for adopting an inclusive approach to design is built around five key drivers and opportunities:1) A better understanding of changing consumer needs, lifestyles, expectations and aspirations: to expand the consumer base, extend product lifecycles and develop brand loyalty. 2

44、) A better alignment of an organizations consumer offer with its customers and markets (such as those due to population ageing, new legislation, technological change and the adoption of inclusive design by competitors): to boost turnover, market shares and returns on investment, hence profitability.

45、3) A distinctive competency that creates competitive advantage: to create effective user-centred designs and better-integrated product ranges through the application of human factors principles. These encourage repeat purchases, guard against dissatisfaction due to limitations in usability and acces

46、sibility, and minimize the cost of servicing and returns.4) An enhanced ability to identify and exploit opportunities for innovation and the benefits of products: to build and sustain corporate reputation and brand value during social and technological change by surmounting greater design challenges

47、, developing distinctive user-friendly products and generating greater goodwill from powerful overlooked sectors.5) A closer association between staff, investors, corporate values and mission: to maintain workforce loyalty (particularly in the context of a longer working life for employees, an agein

48、g population and changing expectations with regard to retirement); to improve efficiency, enhance motivation and ensure that essential skills are retained within the company.In sum, inclusive design makes business sense, reflects on the social responsibility of organizations, and provides visible si

49、gnals of compliance with legislation.Annex A provides further information on the challenges of leading inclusivity in business.1 ScopeThough the inclusive approach ultimately encompasses the whole of business and management, this part of BS 7000 provides guidance on managing inclusive design at both organization and project levels. It seeks to link design thinking with the core concerns of organizations in other established business disciplines.This standard is aimed at:a) top executives of all organizations off