BS 5502-20-1990 Buildings and structures for agriculture - Code of practice for general design considerations《农用建筑物与筑构物 第20部分 总体设计惯例》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED JULY 1997 BS 5502-20: 1990 Buildings and structures for agriculture Part 20: Code of practice for general design considerationsBS 5502-20:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee

2、, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 30 September 1990 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FHB/1 Draft for comment 88/12990 DC ISBN 0 580 18318 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard

3、 The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee (FHB/-) to Technical Committee FHB/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: AFRC Institute of Engineering Research Aggregate Concrete Block Association Brick Develop

4、ment Association British Cement Association British Commercial Glasshouse Manufacturers Association British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Poultry Federation Limited British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Veterinary Association British Wood Preserving Association British

5、 Woodworking Federation Cold Rolled Sections Association Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland Department of Agriculture Northern Ireland Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Farm and Rural Buildings Centre Farm Buildings Association Fibre Cement Manufacturers Association

6、Limited Health and Safety Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Local Authority Organizations Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Steel Construction Institute Timber Research and Developm

7、ent Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS5502-20:1990 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Design objective and classification 1 4 Statutory requirements 1 5 Siting and surroundings 2 6 Visual

8、 aspects 3 7 General design considerations 5 8 Internal environment 10 9 Energy conservation 11 10 Installation and maintenance 13 11 Safety and warning notices 14 Index 14 Figure 1 Plan dimensions of framed building 6 Figure 2 Plan dimensions of traditional type building 6 Figure 3 Principal vertic

9、al dimension height 7 Figure 4 Zones for columns 9 Figure 5 Key reference planes and controlling dimensions 9 Table 1 Preferred external colours for agricultural buildings and structures from BS 5252 4 Table 2 Harmonized colours from BS 4800 5 Table 3 Preferred horizontal dimensions for farm buildin

10、gs 8 Table 4 Preferred vertical dimensions (height) for farm buildings 8 Table 5 Levels of local lighting in agricultural buildings 11 Table 6 Plant and equipment energy use considerations 13 Publications referred to 16BS5502-20:1990 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 5502 has been prepared und

11、er the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee and comprises a revision of BS 5502-1.4, BS 5502-1.6, BS 5502-2.1, BS 5502-3.8 and BS 5502-3.11 which are withdrawn. It also supersedes BS 4903 which is withdrawn. While BS 5502 is being revised and added to, the opp

12、ortunity is being taken to restructure it into the following broad subject areas: Part 0: Introduction and consolidated index; Parts 10 to 19: Reference information and legislation; Parts 20 to 39: General design; Parts 40 to 59: Livestock building s; Parts 60 to 79: Crop buildings; Parts 80 to 99:

13、Ancillary buildings. More specifically, the general design series will comprise: Part 20: Code of practice for general design considerations; Part 21: Code of practice for selection and use of construction materials; Part 22: Code of practice for design, construction and loading; Part 23: Code of pr

14、actice for fire precautions; Part 24: Code of practice for energy management; Part 25: Code of practice for services and facilities; Part 30: Code of practice for control of infestation; Part 31: Guide to waste management; Part 32: Guide to noise attenuation; Part 33: Guide to control of odour pollu

15、tion; Part 34: Guide to control of dust; Part 35: Guide to control of gases and vapours. A more detailed description of the new structure of BS 5502 is given in Part 0. The object of introducing the new structure is to allow subject areas to be broadly characterized, and related subject matter, whet

16、her in the form of recommendations, guidance or supporting data, to be rationalized and brought together. It will also allow sufficient flexibility to enable the standard to be expanded and developed in a logical way in the future. Parts 20 to 39 relating to general design will follow broadly the ex

17、isting structure of BS 5502-1.0 to BS5502-1.7. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose guidance it has been prepared. A British Standard does not purport to include all

18、 the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, page i and i

19、i, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS 5502-20:1990 BSI 02-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of BS 5502 gives recommendatio

20、ns on the general design considerations in relation to agricultural buildings and structures. This Part of BS 5502 does not cover construction materials, structural design and loading, fire protection, energy management or services which are included in BS 5502-21 to BS 5502-25 1)respectively. NOTET

21、he titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the page 16. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in BS 6100-1.5.1 apply, together with the following. NOTEWork has commenced on a further Part of BS 5502 (Part10) which will be a glossary of t

22、erms for buildings and structures of agriculture. 2.1 farm buildings 1) The farmstead comprising the main working buildings, yards and roadways adjacent there to. 2) Outlying buildings for special purposes. 2.2 market garden a holding on which flowers, fruit and vegetables are grown to maturity for

23、the market 2.3 nursery a holding on which plants are raised 3 Design objective and classification 3.1 Objective The function of the farm building should be established and its design should draw together both functional and aesthetic requirements within the constraints of statutory legislation. 3.2

24、Adaptability Consideration should be given to possible future extension of and improvements to the building, and to its change of use. The proximity to roads and supply of services should be established. 3.3 Classification Every farm building and structure should be designed in accordance with one o

25、f the four classes as described in BS 5502-22. The classifications take account of various factors and reference should be made to clause 12 of BS 5502-22:1987. Care should be taken when siting buildings and structures to ensure that the classification of existing buildings and structures is not inf

26、ringed. 3.4 Durability 3.4.1 Durability life Durability life may be different from design life. Where required, guidance should be sought on durability life of materials. NOTEThis information may normally be obtained from the manufacturer or supplier. Unless otherwise stated, the structural componen

27、ts and external envelope should, with reasonable maintenance, remain efficient for the design life. 3.4.2 Materials Special aspects of use which may affect durability of materials (see BS 5502-21), e.g. animal body pressure, kicking, chewing, routine hygiene, damage by farm vehicles, presence of agg

28、ressive atmospheres and/or of corrosive chemicals, fertilizers and effluent, should be considered. 4 Statutory requirements 4.1 Legislation Regulations and planning requirements controlling the siting, design and construction of farm buildings and allied works are contained in various Acts of Parlia

29、ment as well as in building regulations. Most of these Acts and regulations and their main provisions are summarized in BS 5502-11 1) . 4.2 Planning amenities and nature conservancy In addition to the requirements of statutory legislation (see 4.1), the following points should be considered at the d

30、esign stage: a) compliance with any local or non-statutory planning requirements; b) the safeguarding of amenities, general aesthetic values, and quality of landscape; c) consultation with the national park authority or the local office of the Nature Conservancy Council if the site is in a national

31、park or includes a site of special scientific interest. 1) In preparation.BS5502-20:1990 2 BSI 02-1999 4.3 Animal welfare Attention is drawn to the provisions of the current Code of Recommendations for the Welfare of Livestock 2) . Reference should also be made to the appropriate Parts of this stand

32、ard in the livestock buildings series 3) . 4.4 Pollution Pollution from noise, effluent, smoke, smell, chemicals and any specialized buildings and processes and its effect on and proximity to housing, airfields, motorways, factories, waterways, catchment areas, reservoirs and the sea should be consi

33、dered (see BS 5502-25 and BS 5502-30 4) ). Recommendations on the control of pollution and infestation (see BS 5502-30 to BS 5502-35 4) ) should be followed. 4.5 Historic buildings It should be established whether existing buildings are scheduled as of historic or architectural interest and whether

34、the building is listed. 4.6 Archaeological remains It should be established whether known archaeological remains, e.g. barrows (burial remains), are to be disturbed (see BS 5502-11). 4.7 Highways, bridle paths and footways At the design stage consideration should be given to any local authority rest

35、rictions on the use of highways and to the requirements of other bodies, e.g. national parks, the Milk Marketing Board and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and in particular to the provision of bridle paths, footpaths and the segregation of animal loading areas. 4.8 Fire precautions

36、Local authority and insurance requirements may necessitate: a) some limitations on the usage of materials; b) means of escape for humans and animals; c) provision of access for fire-fighting appliances and an emergency static water supply; d) siting in proximity to buildings used for human habitatio

37、n; and reference should be made to BS 5502-23. 5 Siting and surroundings 5.1 Site 5.1.1 Survey In addition to any structural survey, a survey should be carried out to establish the boundaries of the site and the position of existing buildings, trees and other vegetation, services, gradients, water c

38、ourses and ditches, and overhead restrictions. 5.1.2 Investigation A site investigation should be carried out: a) to determine the allowable safe bearing pressure on the ground; b) to establish the groundwater level, taking account of seasonal variation; c) to establish the presence of any harmful c

39、hemicals in the soil or ground water. Detailed recommendations on site investigation are given in BS 5930. 5.2 Exposure 5.2.1 General The effect of both climatic and atmospheric corrosion should be considered. 5.2.2 Climatic exposure The relevant climatic exposure category should be established by r

40、eference to the relevant British Standard design code of practice according to the material used. Site topography and height of building should be considered when the exposure category is established. NOTEWhen buildings are on hill tops, the exposure category may be upgraded, whereas low rise buildi

41、ngs can benefit from shelter by trees, walls or other buildings and the category may be downrated. 5.2.3 Atmospheric corrosion The consequences of atmospheric corrosion should be considered in and around areas of industrial development and marine areas (see Zinc corrosivity mapping, MAFF 5) ). 5.2.4

42、 Internal atmosphere Due to the function of some farm buildings the internal atmosphere may be detrimental to the materials used and the effect on the overall exposure rating should be considered. 2) Published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Department of Agriculture a

43、nd Fisheries for Scotland and the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland. 3) BS 5502-40, BS 5502-41, BS 5502-42, BS 5502-43, BS 5502-49, BS 5502-51, and BS 5502-52 are in preparation. 4) In preparation. 5) Published by HMSO.BS 5502-20:1990 BSI 02-1999 3 5.3 Surroundings 5.3.1 Interrelationsh

44、ip Consideration should be given to the disposition of and space around and between buildings and other obstacles to wind flow (e.g. trees) and to the resulting effects on the environmental conditions in and around the buildings. Care should also be taken to ensure that the airflow from ventilation

45、inlets or outlets should not become obstructed, or be influenced unduly by adjacent buildings and structures. 5.3.2 Isolation The importance of isolating buildings, for visual, aural and for disease control and safety reasons, should be established for the various usages. 5.3.3 Services Consideratio

46、n should be given to the proximity of roads, water, electricity and gas supply pipelines and to any need to provide standby services in the event of failure of the main supply. The disposal of rainwater and, where appropriate, the safe disposal of waste materials should be established. 5.4 Access an

47、d egress For appropriate turning circles for vehicular traffic, reference should be made to the Part of BS 5502 for the building type. Clearance heights for vehicles are given in BS 5502-80. The probable flow, volume and type of traffic in and around the farmstead should be established, in order to

48、ensure that all movements are as simple and direct as possible, particularly having regard to the handling of material and the probable weights involved. 6 Visual aspects 6.1 Landscape 6.1.1 General Farm buildings are a significant component of most agricultural landscapes. Traditionally in their si

49、ting and appearance they reflected the farming system, local materials (often underlying geology), local building techniques, and the particular character of the site in the landscape. Modern farm buildings should express these influences in their appearance, otherwise the traditional, and pleasing, close relationship of farm building to local landscape is weakened or lost. Functional and economic requirements can often lead to a large-scale standardized building, generally requiring a flat site and a large area around