BS 498-1990 Specification for rasps and engineers files《粗锉和钳工锉规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 498:1990 Specification for Rasps and engineers files UDC 621.918:620.1:006.3/.8BS498:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Machine Engineers and Hand Tools Standards Policy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Board of BSIandcomes

2、 into effect on 31 May 1990 BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MTE/15 Draft for comment 87/75928 DC ISBN 0 580 17773 4 Committees responsible for the BritishStandard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Machine,

3、Engineers and Hand Tools Standards Policy Committee (MTE/-) to Technical Committee MTE/15, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Coal Corporation British Telecommunications plc Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry, Mechanical Engineering and Manufactu

4、ring Technology Division (Mmt) Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Federation of British Engineers Tool Manufacturers Federation of British Hand Tool Manufacturers Handle Manufacturers Association Institute of Carpenters Institution

5、of Production Engineers Ministry of Defence The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: File Manufacturers Association Institution of Mechanical Engineers Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS498:1990 B

6、SI 01-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Materials 2 4 Types and dimensions 3 5 Tolerances 4 6 Performance 4 7 Finish 4 8 Packaging 4 9 Marking 4 Appendix A Performance tests 20 Figure 1 Nomenclature for files and rasps 3 Figure 2

7、Flat file 5 Figure 3 Hand file 6 Figure 4 Halfround file 7 Figure 5 Round file 8 Figure 6 Square file 8 Figure 7 Threesquare file 9 Figure 8 Warding file 10 Figure 9 Knife file 11 Figure 10 Blunt heavy mill saw file 12 Figure 11 Mill file 13 Figure 12 Taper saw file 14 Figure 13 Double ended saw fil

8、e 15 Figure 14 Bandsaw taper file 15 Figure 15 Blunt saw file 16 Figure 16 Reaper file 16 Figure 17 Cabinet rasp 17 Figure 18 Halfround wood rasp 17 Figure 19 Flat wood rasp 18 Figure 20 Round wood rasp 18 Figure 21 Horse rasp 19 Table 1 Dimensions and tolerances of flat files 5 Table 2 Dimensions a

9、nd tolerances of hand files 6 Table 3 Dimensions and tolerances of halfround files 7 Table 4 Dimensions and tolerances of round files 8 Table 5 Dimensions and tolerances of square files 8 Table 6 Dimensions and tolerances of threesquare files 9 Table 7 Dimensions and tolerances of warding files 10 T

10、able 8 Dimensions and tolerances of knife files 11 Table 9 Dimensions and tolerances of blunt heavy mill saw files 12 Table 10 Dimensions and tolerances of mill files 13 Table 11 Dimensions and tolerances of taper saw files 14 Table 12 Dimensions and tolerances of double ended saw files 15 Table 13

11、Dimensions and tolerances of bandsaw taper files 15 Table 14 Dimensions and tolerances of blunt saw files 16 Table 15 Dimensions and tolerances of reaper files 16BS498:1990 ii BSI 01-2000 Page Table 16 Dimensions and tolerances of cabinet rasps 17 Table 17 Dimensions and tolerances of halfround wood

12、 rasps 17 Table 18 Dimensions and tolerances of flat wood rasps 18 Table 19 Dimensions and tolerances of round wood rasps 18 Table 20 Dimensions and tolerances of horse rasps 19 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS498:1990 BSI 01-2000 iii Foreword This British Standard, having been prepared

13、under the direction of the Machine, Engineers and Hand Tools Standards Policy Committee, supersedes BS498:1960, which is withdrawn. In preparing this revision, account has been taken of ISO234-1 and ISO234-2, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), but because of const

14、raints on UK manufacturers, it has not proved possible to align the revision with the International Standard. The opportunity has, however, been taken to rationalize the number of files and rasps in the revision, in line with current demand in the UK. For the first time, dimensions and tolerances ar

15、e expressed in metric units, in addition to imperial units, which are still in common use. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not

16、of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1to20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will b

17、e indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS498:1990 BSI 01-2000 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for materials, testing, marking and packaging for rasps and engineers files of the following types. a) Engineers files as follows: flat files; hand files

18、; halfround files; round files; square files; threesquare files; warding files; knife files. b) Mill files as follows: blunt heavy mill saw files; mill files. c) Saw files as follows: taper saw files; double ended saw files; bandsaw taper files; blunt saw files; reaper files. d) Wood rasps as follow

19、s: cabinet rasps; halfround wood rasps; flat wood rasps; round wood rasps; horse rasps. This specification does not cover steel files of high alloy content normally described as “high speed steel” files. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back co

20、ver. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply. NOTENomenclature for files and rasps is shown inFigure 1. 2.1 flat file a file of rectangular cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point in

21、width. Sides are double cut and edges are single cut 2.2 hand file a file of rectangular cross section, parallel in width and thickness throughout, with double cut sides and one single cut edge and one uncut edge NOTEHand files formerly were tapered in width and thickness. 2.3 halfround file a file

22、having one flat and one convex side, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point both in width and thickness. The flat side is double cut in all grades; the convex side is double cut in bastard grades and single cut in second cut and smooth grades 2.4

23、 round file a file of round cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point. Second-cut and smooth grades and bastard grade round files of nominal length less than150mm (6in) are single cut; other nominal lengths of bastard grades are doubl

24、e cut 2.5 square file a file of square cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point. All sides are double cut 2.6 threesquare file a file of equilateral triangular cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length a

25、nd then tapering towards the point. The sides are double cut; the edges are uncut 2.7 warding file a file with rectangular cross section, parallel in thickness throughout, tapering towards the point in width. The sides are double cut; the edges are single cut 2.8 knife file a file of uniform wedge c

26、ross section, the thinner edge being straight and the thicker edge being parallel to the thinner edge for approximately two-thirds of the body length, and then tapering towards the point. The sides and the thicker edge is double cut; the thin edge is single cut 2.9 blunt heavy mill saw file a file u

27、niform in width and thickness throughout and of rectangular cross section, with either two square edges, one round and one square edge, or two round edges. The sides and edges are single cut; the point is left uncutBS498:1990 2 BSI 01-2000 2.10 mill file a file of rectangular cross section, parallel

28、 for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point in width, having either two square edges, one round and one square edge, or two round edges. The sides and edges are single cut 2.11 taper saw file a file of equilateral triangular cross section, parallel for approx

29、imately two-thirds of the body length, and then tapering towards the point. The sides and edges are single cut; point is left uncut 2.12 double ended saw file a file of equilateral triangular cross section, having no tang, parallel in the centre and tapering towards both ends for approximately one-s

30、ixth of the body length; reversible and measured from end to end. The sides and edges are single cut, the points are left uncut 2.13 band saw taper file a file of equilateral triangular cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length, then tapering towards the point. Corners

31、are rounded for sharpening saws with rounded gullets. The sides and edges are single cut; the point is left uncut 2.14 blunt saw file a file of equilateral triangular cross section, parallel in width and thickness throughout. The sides and edges are single cut; the point is left uncut 2.15 reaper fi

32、le a self-handled file of rectangular cross section, parallel in width and thickness throughout. The sides are single cut; the edges are uncut 2.16 cabinet rasps a rasp having one flat and one convex side, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point i

33、n width and thickness. Both sides are rasp punched and second cut; the edges are file cut, either single cut, second cut or smooth cut 2.17 halfround wood rasp a rasp having one flat and one convex side, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length and then tapering towards the point in

34、width and thickness. The flat and convex sides are rasp punched; the edges are file cut (single cut) NOTEHalfround wood rasps are made in three cuts: bastard, second cut and smooth cut. 2.18 flat wood rasp a rasp of rectangular cross section, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body length

35、and then tapering towards the point in width. The sides are rasp punched; the edges are file cut (single cut) NOTEFlat wood rasps are made in two cuts; bastard cut and smooth cut. 2.19 round wood rasp a rasp of round cross section and rasp punched, parallel for approximately two-thirds of the body l

36、ength, then tapering towards the point NOTERound wood rasps are made in three cuts: bastard, second and smooth cuts. 2.20 horse rasp a horse rasp is of rectangular cross section and is a combination of rasp and file. Horse rasps may be cut as half file and half rasp; quarter file and three-quarters

37、rasp; or half file reverse and may be tanged or untanged, reversible. The sides are rasp punched; the edges are file cut (single cut) 3 Materials 3.1 Files If case hardening methods are not used, files shall be made of steel containing the following: NOTEIf case hardening methods are introduced, the

38、 percentage of carbon and/or manganese may be varied by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Carbon not less than 1.10 %; Manganese 0.30 % to 0.40 %; Silicon 0.10 % to 0.20 %; Phosphorus not more than 0.030 %; Sulphur not more than 0.030 %;BS498:1990 BSI 01-2000 3 3.2 Rasps Rasps sh

39、all be made of steel containing the following: In the case of horse rasps, the carbon content shall be not less than0.30% 4 Types and dimensions Files and rasps shall be of the types defined in clause2 and their dimensions shall be as specified in Table 1 to Table21. The dimensions of files and rasp

40、s shall be measured as follows: a) nominal length, measured between the point and the shoulder (seeFigure 1) or, for files and rasps without a tang, the overall length; b) cross-sectional dimensions, measured across the uncut portion of the file or rasp, adjacent to the tang or, in the case of doubl

41、e ended files and rasps, across the centre of the overall length; c) linear density of cuts, measured along the centreline of the file or rasp. Files and rasps shall be as shown in Figure 2 to Figure22. The teeth of files and rasps shall be uniform over the whole of the cut surface and the files and

42、 rasps shall ring true when struck. Tolerances shall be as specified in clause5. All files and rasps shall be of uniform quality and shall be straight and true to shape. Half round files shall not be hollow from shoulder to point on the flat side. NOTEThe type of cut and the length of the file or ra

43、sp should be specified by the purchaser. Carbon 0.15 % to 0.45 %; Manganese 0.45 % to 0.75 %; Silicon not more than 0.40 %; Phosphorus not more than 0.06 %; Sulphur not more than 0.06 %; Figure 1 Nomenclature for files and raspsBS498:1990 4 BSI 01-2000 5 Tolerances 5.1 Files The tolerances on dimens

44、ions and number of up-cuts per unit length for files shall be as follows: 5.2 Rasps The tolerances on dimensions and number of cuts per unit length for rasps shall be as follows: 6 Performance 6.1 Files 6.1.1 When tested in accordance withA.2.1.1, the file shall cut the hand prover without any sign

45、of slip, or blunting or stripping of teeth. 6.1.2 When tested in accordance withA.2.1.2, the file shall perform satisfactorily, without tendency to pin or choke. 6.2 Rasps When tested in accordance withA.2.2, the rasp shall cut the hand prover without any sign of slip, or blunting or stripping of te

46、eth. 7 Finish Files and rasps shall be free from visible rust and the uncut edges shall be smooth and free from burrs. Each finished file or rasp shall be treated against corrosion with a preservative such as soluble oil. 8 Packaging Provision shall be made to avoid damage to the teeth of the files

47、or rasps when packaged. 9 Marking The outer packaging shall be labelled or printed to show the description, cut, size and quantity of the contents. a) width, thickness, diameter or side, the tolerances shall be as given in Table 1 to Table 15; b) lengths up to and including 150 mm (6 in) over 150 mm

48、 (6 in) and up to 250 mm (10 in) over 250 mm (10 in) 3 mm ( 1 / 8in); 5 mm ( 3 / 6in); 6.5 mm ( 1 / 4in); c) number of cuts 10 %. a) width, thickness or diameter, the tolerances shall be as given in Table 16 to Table21; b) lengths up to 250 mm (10 in) over 250 mm (10 in) 5 mm ( 3 / 16in); 6.5 mm ( 1

49、 / 4in).BS 498:1990 BSI 01-2000 5 Table 1 Dimensions and tolerances of flat files (see Figure 2) Figure 2 Flat file Nominal length Width Thickness Number of up-cuts per unit length on sides L W T Bastard Second cut Smooth mm in mm in mm in up-cuts/cm up-cuts/in up-cuts/cm up-cuts/in up-cuts/cm up-cuts/in 100 4 12 1.5 15 / 32 1 / 16 3 1 7 / 64 1 / 32 16 40 17 42 24 60 150 6 16 5 / 8 4 5 / 32 13 32 15 38 20 50 200 8 21 13 / 16 5 1.5 13 / 64 1 / 16 10 26