BS 4940-3-1994 Technical information on construction products and services - Guide to presentation《建筑产品及服务技术信息 第3部分 表述指南》.pdf

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1、BSI BSt494O: PART83 94 D Lb24bb9 0397607 032 D BRITISH STANDARD O Technical information on construction products and services Part 3. Guide to presentation a a BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Januaty 1994 UDC 6O:655.41:659.182.2 1 BSI BSr4940: PART*3 74 m Lb2Lihh 0397b08 T79 m Amd. No. Date BS 4940 : Part 3

2、 : 1994 Guide to presentation Text affected This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee Bi500, Basic Data, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 January 1994 O BSI 1994 Committees responsible for this British S

3、tandard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/500, Basic Data, to Subcommittee B/500/5, Building Technical Information, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Component Manufacturers British Standards Society Chartered Inst

4、itute of Building Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Institute of Building Control Library Association National Council of Building Material Producers Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors The following BSI references relate to th

5、e work on this standard: Committee reference B/500/6 Draft for comment 91/18238 DC ISBN O 580 22270 5 BSI BSX4940: PART*3 94 Lb24669 039b09 905 BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation Guide Tables Figures Contents Committees responsible Page Inside front cover Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Informativ

6、e references 4 3 Principles of presentation 3.1 Aims 3.2 Arrangement 3.3 Visual hierarchy 3.4 Corporate image 3.5 Style and aesthetic appeal 4 Format and binding 4.1 Format 4.2 Bindings 4.3 Subdivision of a document 4.4 Paper and card 8 8 9 13 13 5 Page layout 5.1 Principles 5.2 Layout 5.3 Front and

7、 back covers 5.4 Fold-out sheets 5.5 Reproduction 15 15 15 19 20 20 6 Illustrations and colour 6.1 General 6.2 Illustrations 6.3 Colour 21 21 21 27 7 Typography 7.1 General 7.2 Basic principles 7.3 Legibility 29 29 29 29 8 Printing, storage, distribution and updating 32 8.1 General 32 8.3 Distributi

8、on and storage 32 8.4 Updating 32 List of references 33 8.2 Typesetting and proof reading 32 Index 34 1 Examples of binding methods 11 1 Examples of technical information based on the use of standard headings and a standard arrangement of information 5 2 Examples of technical information in which th

9、ere is a presentational hierarchy 6 Storage of standard format documents (showing the advantage of the A4 portrait format) 3 8 4 Sheets and folded sheets 9 Contents 1 BSI BS*4940: PART*3 94 m Lb24b69 O397630 627 m BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation 5 Documents in a fiiing box Page 10 6 Bo

10、xed set of documents 10 7 Ring binders, ring types and spacing of punch holes 12 8 Examples of identification of dividers 13 9 Methods of incorporating loose sheets in a publication 14 10 Examples of page grids and their application 16 11 Examples of justified and unjustified text 17 _ 12 Page plan

11、for a 12 page saddle-stitched (stapled) publication 18 13 Examples of front and back covers 19 14 Fold-out landscape A4 sheet and fold-out reference page 20 I5 Examples of running heads 21 16 Examples of different types of illustration 23 17 Examples of the use of colour in illustrations 28 18 Examp

12、les of typography 30 _ 2 Contents ES1 BSIr4940: PARTr3 94 Lb24bb9 0397bLL 563 BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation Foreword This Part of BS 4940 has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Cid Engineering. Together with BS 4940 : Part 1 : 1994 and Pa

13、rt 2 : 1994 it supersedes BS 4940: 1973, which is withdrawn. BS 4940 has been revised to take account of changes, including the creation of the single European market, that have occurred since the first edition was published. Research sponsored by the Building Research Establishment and undertaken b

14、y the Building Centre Trust and York Institute for Advanced Architectural Studies showed that many manufacturers in the construction industry underrated the importance of providing good technical information in promoting their products. Comparatively few were aware that BS 4940 existed and some doub

15、ted whether it could help them. To encourage its wider use, this edition of BS 4940 is issued in a different form. It is published as a guide, divided into three Parts, each addressed to a different category of reader. The presentation and graphics are unlike those in other British Standards and are

16、 intended to illustrate the recommended principles. BS 4940 applies particularly to technical information about products and services. However, much of the guidance will be of use to those concerned with the presentation of other technical information for the construction industry. Good technical in

17、formation is essential for the successful promotion of products and services and their proper application. Technical information should be kept separate and distinguished from purely advertising material. It can then be presented functionally and its value will be increased (although some overlap be

18、tween these two types of information is inevitable), BS 4940 is not in any way intended to inhibit an organizations freedom to establish a corporate image for its publications. Use of the guide should ensure that technical information in those publications is of good quality, well structured and eas

19、y to retrieve, thus enhancing the value of the publications. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Foreword 3 BSI BS*4940: PART*3 94 lb24667 0397632 4TT BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation 1 Scope This Part of BS 4940 gives guidance o

20、n the presentation of technical publications for products and services in the construction industry. It describes the principles that should be followed in designing the format and layout of documents and makes recommendations on binding, colour, illustrations and typefaces. This Part of BS 4940 is

21、intended to provide an introduction to the presentation of technical information for those who commission writers and designers. It will also fulfil a number of other purposes including providing guidance to those writers and designers who are preparing documents on construction products and service

22、s but who are not familiar with the needs and conventions of the construction industry. BS 4940 : Part 1 : 1994 is intended for those who have overall responsibility for an organizations publications policy; it deals with the preparation of the brief for technical publications and with the appointme

23、nt of a Project Leader and Project Team to implement the brief. It also covers the commissioning of technical writers and designers. BS 4940 : Part 2 : 1994 is intended for those concerned with the content and structure of technical information. It deals with the information that different types of

24、document should contain and with the arrangement of that information under preferred headings. Part 2 also refers to copyright, foreign languages, standard units of measurement and classification and filing. 2 Informative references This Part of BS 4940 refers to other publications that provide info

25、rmation or guidance. Editions of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3 Principles of presentation 3.1 Aims The main aim in the presentation of technical information should be to mak

26、e that information easily accessible to the reader. There may be secondary considerations such as creating a corporate image or a particular aesthetic appeal but in technical information these should not distract from the informations accessibility. The techniques that underlie successful presentati

27、on are: 0 the arrangement of information in a logical sequence within a convenient document format to suit the readers needs (see figure 1); and 0 the creation of a visual hierarchy that reflects the importance of the subjects being presented (see figure 2). 4 Scope a The standard headings (used in

28、both cases for other products in the same range): _. 1. Level one heading 2. Level two heading Figure 1. Examples of technical information based on the use of standard headings and a standard arrangement of information Principles of presentation 5 - BSI BSX4940: PARTS3 94 M 3b24bb9 O397634 272 H BS

29、4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation The presentational hierarchy: 1. Series O The material supplied by the Building Research Establishment is Crown copyright and reproduced by permission of the Controller of HMSO. Other material is reproduced by kind permission of Snowcem PMC Ltd. Figure 2. E

30、xamples of technical information in which there is a presentational hierarchy 6 Principles of presentation BSI BSu4940: PART*3 94 1b24bb9 0377615 109 BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation 3.2 Arrangement 3.3 Visual hierarchy 3.4 Corporate image 3.5 Style and aesthetic appeal BS 4940 : Part 2

31、 describes types of documents and a standard order for headings. Within a document using the recommended headings, there is still a need to consider how the reader will use the information. There are many ways in which the arrangement of information can make its access easier, for example by: placin

32、g illustrations close to the text that refers to them (see 6.2); describing tasks that are to be carried out in sequence; locating large lists and tables so that they do not interrupt the flow of the text (see 6.3); providing a brief introductory summary at the beginning of a new subject to help rea

33、ders decide whether they want to go into the subject in detail; and producing separate documents for reference on site and for use at the drawing board, each in a format suited to its use (see 4.1). The arrangement of information should be supported by a clear visual hierarchy that helps readers to

34、find their way within a document and reflects the relative importance of each illustration and section of text. Good graphic design will enhance the message being presented while poor design will obscure it. The designer of a document can use a variety of features and techniques to make information

35、more or less visible, for example: the size and typeface used for headings and text (see 7.3); the position allocated to information on the page (see 5.1); the space provided to surround text and illustrations (see 5.1); the use of colour (see 6.3); the use of rules, boxes, graphic symbols, tones an

36、d tints (see 5.1 and 6.3); and 0 the use of divider cards, edge indents or thumb cuts to identify sections (see 4.3). Technical publications can be an effective element in creating a corporate identity. Corporate logos, typography and colours give consistency to a set of publications. They help read

37、ers to recognize and remember the manufacturer or service provider responsible for a document. The impact of the covers of a document is particularly important (see 5.3). Technical Publications in the construction industry are often intended for use by people with design training who are particularl

38、y likely to respond to the style of a document. They will be attracted to some documents because they have a certain aesthetic appeal. Equally they will find some documents old fashioned, or not to their taste, and this will reflect on their view of the producer of the document. Choice of style is t

39、herefore important and is an issue on which a graphic designer can advise. However, in technical publications, style should not be allowed to obscure the technical message. Design which uses distracting multi-colour presentation, very smaii typefaces or vague artistic impressions of products detract

40、s from the accessibility of technical information. The illustrations to this standard have been selected as examples of appropriate styles in which presentation enhances the technical message. Principles of presentation 7 BSI BS*Y40: PART*3 94 m Lb24669 0397bLb 045 m BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to

41、 presentation 4 4.1 Format A4 portrait format A4 landscape format A5 format Other formats Format and binding BS 4940 : Part 2 lists the types of documents and recommended formats for technical information in the construction industry. Some of the reasons for selecting particular page formats and bin

42、ding methods are also discussed in BS 4940 : Part 2. For almost all technical publications the construction industry uses the A4 portrait format (width 210 mm, height 297 mm) which is convenient for library storage as well as for use in standard facsimile machines and photocopiers. In some cases the

43、re may be compelling reasons to use A4 landscape format (width 297 mm, height 210 mm), e.g. when the whole document consists of tables that need to be displayed across a wider page. In such cases it should be remembered that the document is likely to be stored vertically and the writing on its spine

44、 may not be visible (see figure 3). A5 format (148 mm x 210 mm) should only be used where there is a very clear need for a smaller document, e.g. as a pocket reference for use on site. The A5 size can be more convenient in a landscape format because it can then be stored on a shelf with A4 documents

45、 and the writing on its spine will be visible (see figure 3). Occasionally other page formats are used for specific purposes. An A3 format may be needed for reports containing large maps, drawings or charts. % A4 (99 mm x 2 1 O mm) can be convenient for checklists to be used on site. However, these

46、sizes are not generally recommended for technical information. Standard paper sizes are specified in BS 4000 : Parts 1 and 2. A5 portrait format (title on spine can be hidden when pushed back) A4 landscape format (stored Vertically wi title hidden to avoid projecting beyond the shelf edge) (with tit

47、le visible stored Figure 3. Storage of standard format documents (showing the advantage of the A4 portrait format) 8 Format andbinding BSI BSr4940: PART*3 94 D Lb24669 0397617 TB1 BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1994 Guide to presentation Single A4 sheet (two pages) 4.2 Bindings Technical publications may range

48、in size from a single sheet to a set of large catalogues. The most suitable method of folding or binding for a particular publication will depend on: a how the document will be used and distributed and how long it is intended to last; 6 the number of pages (see table i); 0 the number of copies requi

49、red and the budget available for printing and distribution; and the method of revision and whether pages need to be inserted or removed (see 8.4). Figure 4 shows the single sheets and folded sheets used most commonly. Commonly used binding methods are compared in table 1. Foid-in page is narrower to avoid binding yings A3 sheet punched for binding on oneedgeand folded to fit A4 file Second fold-in page is possible narrower to avoid Foid-in page is binding rings l A3 sheet folded for printing as four A4 pages Sheet folded for printing as six A4 pages (a seco