BS 4322-1968 Recommendations for buffering on hospital vehicles such as trolleys《医院用车辆(如手推车)减震器推荐标准》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4322:1968 Recommendations for Buffering on hospital vehicles such as trolleysBS4322:1968 These Recommendations were published under the authority ofthe General Council on 25 July 1968 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on these recommendations: Committee

2、reference M/26 Draft for comment 67/21936 ISBN 580 00221 7 Co-operating organizations The following Government departments and professional and industrial organizations were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of these recommendations: Association of Hospital Matrons

3、 British Cellular Rubber and Plastics Manufacturers Association British Latex Foam Manufacturers Association British Mechanical Rubber Manufacturers Association British Surgical Trades Association (Inc) Federation of British Rubber and Allied Manufacturers Institute of Purchasing and Supply King Edw

4、ards Hospital Fund for London Medical Superintendents Society Ministry of Health Ministry of Public Building and Works National Association of Hospital Supplies Officers Royal College of Nursing Royal College of Physicians, of London Teaching Hospitals Association Independent manufacturers Amendment

5、s issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS4322:1968 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 General considerations 1 3 Vehicle buffering 1 4 Wall protection 2 Figure 1 Examples of methods of buffering trolleys 2BS4322:1968 ii BSI 11-

6、1999 Foreword These recommendations make reference to the following British Standard: BS 2571, Flexible PVC compounds. However careful the staff of hospitals are in the handling of vehicles such as ward and operating theatre trolleys, stretcher trolleys and the like, incidents can, and will, happen

7、when the trolley is in collision with the walls or other parts of the building structure and usually some damage results, either to the structure, the vehicle, or both. The damage can be avoided to a large extent provided that(i) the need for care is continually impressed upon users,(ii) the bufferi

8、ng of mobile equipment is properly designed and(iii) where practicable, equipment is adequately protected. There should always be adequate space to allow full mobility to the vehicle. Care is all-important and good design, whereby projections, etc., are avoided and not merely covered up, is more imp

9、ortant than protection. The correct type and location of buffering on individual vehicles depends so much on their design that it is not a subject that can easily be dealt with in isolation. Clearly it cannot be advocated that trolleys should always have full buffering, because circumstances vary gr

10、eatly. In some existing hospitals, for example, expense has already been incurred on protection of the structure and additional expense on buffering would be wasteful. Therefore any approach to the problem of buffering must deal in general principles. In new buildings adequate buffering at a predete

11、rmined height can be incorporated in the structure to cope with most vehicles and it may even be such that buffering of the vehicle itself is rendered unnecessary, but in existing buildings there is frequently an almost impossible task involved. However, buffering of the vehicle does obviate the nee

12、d for varying heights of protection on the structure to suit different types of vehicle. The following recommendations are made to direct the thoughts of those responsible for coping with these problems towards the various aspects of the matter, with a view to assisting in the formulation of the bes

13、t solution to individual problems. The recommendations are mainly in respect of those items of equipment dealt with in British Standards. Recommendations on other equipment may be added later. In so far as the building structure is concerned, co-operation with the architect and designers, particular

14、ly with regard to details of doorways and corridor widths, is of great importance; the difference between just wide enough and ample width of entry cannot be too strongly emphasized in relation to damage to doors, their frames and walls. The general levelness of the floors can also help the smooth p

15、assage of a trolley along a corridor. Staircases should be bypassed by means of adjacent lifts with ample entry width and protection for the walls of the lift cage. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible f

16、or their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 and 2 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date)

17、and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4322:1968 BSI 11-1999 1 1 Scope 1.1 The scope of these recommendations is confined to buffer-type protection principally relating to British Standard trolleys, but the suggested method

18、s might be adapted to suit other equipment used in hospitals. 1.2 The purpose of the buffering is to give, as far as possible, reasonable protection to the hospital building structure, other equipment and also to the vehicle itself. 1.3 For the purpose of considering buffering the equipment has been

19、 divided into three categories: 1) Fully mobile. This group includes patient trolleys, wheel chairs and similar vehicles moved between wards and other, departments. 2) Semi-mobile. Equipment which is normally wheeled about within a limited area, e.g.instrument trolleys. 3) Stationary. Equipment whic

20、h, whilst on wheels or castors, is not normally wheeled about but is moved for cleaning and repositioning. 1.4 In considering the above it is suggested that the three categories could be further sub-divided into “light” and “heavy” to suit the local conditions and it is readily appreciated that it i

21、s the latter equipment, particularly when fully loaded, which can cause the greater damage upon collision with the walls, doors or each other. 2 General considerations 2.1 One of the principal causes of damage to the building structure is the projections found on mobile equipment. The heavier the eq

22、uipment the greater the damage likely from such projections and therefore they should be avoided in designing. 2.2 The projecting parts are likely to be one or more of the following: castors, axle nuts, wheel brakes, sharp corners on shelves, projection of components attached to a trolley, e.g.a gas

23、 cylinder or a transfusion bottle support. For the transfusion bottle support the height also has to be taken into account, and the adjusting screw for this support on stretcher trolleys. 3 Vehicle buffering 3.1 If buffering of a vehicle is to be successful three essentials must be observed: 1) No p

24、art of the trolley or vehicle should project beyond the buffering. 2) Buffering material should be of such substance and resilience that the results of collision are kept to the minimum. 3) The impact zone should be restricted to a known and common height from the floor, but whenever possible buffer

25、ing on the vehicle is preferable to protecting the structure. 3.2 No method of buffering can be completely effective on some vehicles and at the same time allow the vehicle to perform its normal function. However, in many instances considerable improvement can be achieved by the judicious use of buf

26、fers, buffer bars, wheel-type buffers, or plastics or rubber discs. (See also Clause4.) 3.3 Where practicable the height above floor level of the effective centre of the buffering should be30inches. Another major vulnerable position is at castor hub level but this may vary according to the size of t

27、he castors and whether they are fitted with brakes and is best dealt with by disc buffers over the castor. 3.4 For long and heavy vehicles (such as patients trolleys), all round protection is considered essential, i.e.the buffer should completely surround the trolley. This may necessitate projecting

28、 the buffer outwards from the framework and may make the vehicle slightly wider overall, but it is considered better than partial buffering or the use of revolving rubber-tyred discs attached to the four uprights, although these are available and have their uses where the possibility of contact exis

29、ts only at these points. 3.5 The actual buffering material should be soft and resilient and should not only protect walls and door frames from physical damage but also should not mark or stain the walls on casual contact. It should also be capable of being easily cleaned and maintained in good condi

30、tion and not subject to hardening by ageing. 3.6 Such a material is PVC to BS2571, Class3, Type G4 Compounds 1)shaped as shown in Figure 1 and obtainable in other shapes and in a variety of colours and sizes. This material, when fitted over a metal core of sufficient strength, provides a good and la

31、sting buffer. It should be so mounted and supported that it will not buckle on impact and all joints should be effectively sealed against entry of dirt. There are doubtless other materials which will serve the purpose equally well. So far as possible the effective surfaces of the buffering on trolle

32、ys and similar equipment should project not less than1inch beyond the extreme dimensions of the protected vehicle. 1) BS 2571, Flexible PVC compounds”.BS4322:1968 2 BSI 11-1999 3.7 Normally, it is not considered necessary that anarticle that comes under the heading “2) Semi-mobile” (see1.3) should b

33、e buffered. If, however, its normal location is in a vulnerable position or it has attachments or projecting fittings, then the recommended methods are the revolving wheel type buffer or the fixed circular rubber buffer on the uprights, or a form of plastics castor shroud. 3.8 Articles which would c

34、ome under the heading“3)Stationary” (see1.3) would be heavier equipment such as lockers, examination tables or couches and any movement would mostly be for cleaning. Nevertheless, even the daily movement of heavy equipment of only a few inches can result in considerable damage to walls in time and p

35、recautionary buffering of the ends and corners, etc., of such articles is an advantage. 4 Wall protection In areas where trolleys tend to be congregated, e.g.the parking and loading areas, irrespective of any buffering on the trolleys it is recommended that protection be given to the walls and adjac

36、ent doors to minimize damage due to frequently repeated contact with the trolley buffering. It is an advantage if the leading edge to the wall of stationary equipment can be buffered. Figure 1 Examples of methods of buffering trolleysblankBS 4322:1968 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBrit

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