BS 4054-1-1995 Methods of measuring and expressing the performance of radio receivers for sound broadcasting - General considerations and methods of measurement including audio-fre.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS4054-1: 1995 IEC315-1: 1988 Methods of Measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part1: General considerations and methods of measurement, including audio-frequency measurements (Implementation of CENELECHD560.1S1:1990)BS4054-1:1995 This British Standard, havi

2、ng been prepared under the directionof the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comesintoeffect on 15 November1995 BSI11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference EPL/12 Special announcement in BSI

3、News, January1992 ISBN 0 580 24739 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/12, Radio communication, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Broadcasting Corporation British Educational Equi

4、pment Association British Radio and Electronic Equipment Manufacturers Association British Telecommunications plc Consumers Association Institution of Electrical Engineers International Consumer Electronics Association Radio, Electrical and Television Retailers Association Radiocommunications Agency

5、 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS4054-1:1995 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of HD560.1S1 5 List of references Inside back coverBS4054-1:1995 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard

6、has been prepared by Technical Committee EPL/12. It implements Harmonization Document HD560.1S1:1990 which was published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC315-1:1988, Second edition, Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various

7、 classes of emission Part1: General considerations and methods of measurement, including audio-frequency measurements, published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This Part supersedes both BS4054-1:1980 and BS4054-2:1980, which are withdrawn. This Part applies to radio receiver

8、s of any kind, excluding television receivers, and to the components which they comprise or which are used as auxiliaries to such receivers, excluding those dealt with in IEC Publications94,98 and268. It covers determination of performance, comparison of equipment and determination of proper practic

9、al applications by listing the characteristics which are useful for specifications, and laying down uniform methods of measurement for these characteristics. The different characteristics and the relevant methods of measurement are described. Performance requirements in general are not specified. To

10、 facilitate reproduction, some of the figures also include the French text. It is envisaged that other Parts of IEC Publication315 will be published as identical British Standards in due course. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of Briti

11、sh Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publications referred to Corresponding British Standard BS397: Primary batteries HD211.1 (IEC86-1) Part1:1989 Specification for g

12、eneral requirements HD211.2S8 (IEC86-2) Part2:1989 Specification sheets HD337S3 (IEC98) BS7063:1989 Specification for analogue audio disk records and reproducing equipment IEC68 BS2011 Environmental testing IEC94 BS6288 Magnetic tape sound recording and reproducing systems IEC268 BS6840 Sound system

13、 equipment IEC417 BS6217:1981 Guide to graphical symbols for use on electrical equipment IEC617 BS3939 Graphical symbols for electrical power, telecommunications and electronics diagrams Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi and ii, theHDtitle page, pa

14、ges2 to38, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.HARMONIZATION DOCUMENT DOCUMENT DHARMONISATION HARMONISIERUNGS DOKUMENT HD560.1S1 Ju

15、ly1990 UDC 621.396.62:621.317 Descriptors: Radio equipment, receiver, method of measurement, electrical characteristics English version Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part1: General considerations and methods of measurement, including audio-frequency measur

16、ements Mthodes de mesure applicables aux rcepteurs radiolectriques pour diverses classes dmission Premire partie: Considrations gnrales et mthodes de mesure, y compris mesures aux frquences audiolectriques Meverfahren fr Funkempfnger fr verschiedene Sendearten Teil1: Allgemeine Bedingungen und Mever

17、fahren einschlielich Tonfrequenz-Meverfahren This Harmonization Document was approved by CENELEC on1990-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for implementation of this Harmonization Document on a national level. Up-to-dat

18、e lists and bibliographical references concerning such implementations may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This Harmonization Document exists in three official versions (English, French, German). CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical commit

19、tees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europ

20、isches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1990 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. HD560.1S1:1990 EBS4054-1:1995 BSI 11-1999 2 Foreword The English and French versions of this Harmonization Document are provided by the text of the

21、 IEC Publication and the German version is the official translation of the IEC text. According to the CENELEC Internal Regulations the CENELEC member National Committees are bound: to announce the existance of this Harmonization Document at national level by or before1990-12-15 to publish their new

22、harmonized national standard by or before1991-06-15 to withdraw all conflicting national standards by or before1991-06-15. Harmonized national standards are listed on the HD information sheet, which is available from the CENELEC National Committees or from the CENELEC Central Secretariat. Contents P

23、age Foreword 2 Section 1. General 1 Scope 5 2 Units and system of measurement 5 3 Frequencies of measurement 5 4 Quantities to be specified and their accuracy 5 5 Marking and symbols for marking 6 6 Filters, weighting curves and meters for noise specification and measurement 6 7 Rated values 6 8 Cli

24、matic conditions 7 9 Individual specification and type specification 7 10 Graphical presentation of data 7 11 Pre-conditioning 8 12 Measurements in a uniform alternating low-frequency magnetic field 8 13 Types of power supply and relevant measuring conditions 9 14 Toleration of surge discharges of l

25、imited energy, applied to the antenna input circuit 10 Section 2. Audio-frequency measurements 15 Introduction 11 16 Acoustic feedback 11 Section 3. Radio-frequency signals 17 Standard radio-frequency input signal 12 18 Pre-emphasis 12 19 Antenna simulation networks (artificial aerials) 12 20 Combin

26、ing networks 12 21 Balanced radio-frequency input circuits 13 22 Input arrangements for receivers with magnetic antennas 13 Section 4. Operating frequency and its stability 23 Stability of the operating frequency 14 24 Automatic frequency control 15 Section 5. Properties of tuning systems 25 General

27、 mechanical properties of tuning systems 15 26 Performance characteristics of push-button tuning systems 16 27 Performance characteristics of automatic search systems 17BS4054-1:1995 BSI 11-1999 3 Page Appendix A Noise weighting network and quasi-peak meter 31 Appendix B Calibration of the alternati

28、ng low-frequency magnetic field strength 34 Appendix C Measurement of r.f. magnetic field generated for the injection of signals into receivers with magnetic antennas 35 Figure 1 Bandpass filter for wide-band noise measurement: amplitude/frequency response limits 22 Figure 2 Arrangement of three coi

29、ls for the production of a uniform alternating low-frequencymagnetic field 23 Figure 3 Example of the arrangement for measuring the toleration of surge discharges applied to the antenna input circuit 23 Figure 4 Block diagram of the arrangement for measuring acoustic feedback 24 Figure 5 Antenna sim

30、ulation networks 24 Figure 6 Combining networks 27 Figure 7 Applying an unbalanced signal to a balanced input 28 Figure 8 Small screened loop ( 0.25m) 28 Figure 9 Mean tuning error and its standard deviation of a push-button tuning system, as functions of the difference between the frequency of the

31、starting position, f st , and the chosen operating frequency, f ch , of1.0MHz and for n =10 measurements 29 Figure 10 Mean tuning error and its standarddeviation for an automatic search system,as functions of the level of the radio-frequency input signal, for f stop =1.4MHz and n=10 measurements 29

32、Figure 11 Mean tuning error and its standard deviation for an automatic search system, as functions of the frequency difference between the starting position and the stop signal, for f stop =1.4MHz at an input signal level of60dB (4V) and n=10 measurements 30 Figure 12 Minimum level of the radio-fre

33、quency input signal, for an automatic search system, for a permissible tuning error corresponding to+2|S (n) |=2kHz, as functions of the input-signal frequency, and ofthefrequency difference between the start signaland the stop signal (indicated with dottedlines) for n=10 measurements 30 Figure A.1

34、Weighting network 31 Page Figure A.2 Frequency response of the weighting network shown in Figure A.1 32 Figure A.3 Maximum tolerances for the frequency response of the weighting network value 32 Figure B.1 Search coil for measuring the magnetic field strength 35 Figure C.1 Circuit arrangement of scr

35、eened loop 36 Figure C.2 Screened loop for measurement of magnetic fields. Construction 37 Table I Frequencies conforming to ISO Standard266 19 Table II Survey of voltages for various types ofpower supply (see Sub-clause13.4) 20 Table III Characteristics of standard and additional r.f. input signals

36、 (see Clause17) 21 Table A.I 31 Table A.II 33 Table A.III 33 %f (n)4 blankBS4054-1:1995 BSI 11-1999 5 Section 1. General 1 Scope This standard applies to radio receivers of any kind, excluding television receivers, and to the parts of which they are composed or which are used as auxiliaries to such

37、receivers, excluding those dealt with in IEC Publications94,98 and268. This standard deals with the determination of performance, the comparison of equipment and the determination of proper practical applications by listing the characteristics which are useful for specifications and laying down unif

38、orm methods of measurement for these characteristics. This standard is confined to a description of the different characteristics and the relevant methods of measurement; it does not in general specify performance requirements. The complete standard consists of the following parts, in which the char

39、acteristics of various types of receiver and their methods of measurement are specified; some parts include preferred values: Part1: General considerations and methods of measurement, including audio-frequency measurements IEC Publication315-1(1988). Part3: Radio-frequency measurements on receivers

40、for amplitude-modulated emissions Publication315-3(1973). Part4: Radio-frequency measurements on receivers for frequency modulated sound-broad-casting emissions Publication315-4(1982). Part5: Specialized radio-frequency measurements. Measurements on frequency-modulated receivers of the response to i

41、mpulsive interference Publication315-5(1971). Part8: Radio-frequency measurements on professional receivers for frequency-modulated telegraphy systems Publication315-8(1975). The standard does not deal with safety, for which reference is required to IEC Publication65 or other appropriate IEC safety

42、standards, nor with radiation and immunity, for which reference is required to C.I.S.P.R. Publication13. 2 Units and system of measurement The International System of Units (SI-units) as indicated in IEC Publication27 is used exclusively in this standard. 3 Frequencies of measurement 3.1 Audio-frequ

43、encies If measurements are to be made at discrete frequencies, then these shall be the frequencies specified as preferred frequencies for acoustical measurements in ISO Standard266, reproduced in Table I of this part. If a measurement relates to a reference audio-frequency, then, in the absence of a

44、 clear reason to the contrary, this shall be the standard reference frequency of1000Hz. If a measurement is to be made using only one signal frequency, the signal frequency shall be the chosen reference frequency. If measurements are to be made at a number of different frequencies, the chosen refere

45、nce frequency shall be included, the other frequencies being so chosen that the results of the measurements give an adequate representation of the behaviour of the characteristics over the whole of the effective frequency range. If measurements are to be made in frequency bands of constant relative

46、bandwidth, preference shall be given to the one octave and one-third octave bands mentioned in Sub-clause6.1. 3.2 Radio-frequencies 3.2.1 General Where applicable, frequencies shall be chosen which are decimal multiples of those given in Table I. For some purposes it is necessary to use other freque

47、ncies, such as the intermediate frequency of the receiver, and frequencies at which spurious responses or other phenomena occur. 3.2.2 Measurements on receivers with restricted tuning range Measurements at, or near, the extremes of the tuning range together with one or more frequencies in the middle

48、 of the range are normally adequate. Further information is given in Clause17 and Parts3 and4 of this standard. 4 Quantities to be specified and their accuracy Unless otherwise stated, the terms “voltage”, “current”, etc, when used in this standard, refer to r.m.s. quantities. For most purposes it i

49、s sufficient to measure electrical quantities with an accuracy of 0.15dB. The accuracy of measurement required depends only on the purpose for which the results are to be used.BS4054-1:1995 6 BSI 11-1999 5 Marking and symbols for marking 5.1 Marking Terminals and controls shall be adequately marked to give information regarding their function, characteristics and polarity. The marking shall be such that it is possible to adjust the controls and to identify their positions with suffic