BS 2891-1992 Specification for operating table mattresses and mattress sections《手术台软垫和软垫断面规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS2891:1992 Specification for Operating table mattresses and mattress sections UDC615.478.62:615.478.272/.275:539.55:001.4:620.1BS2891:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Health Care Standards Policy Committee, waspublished under the authorityo

2、f the Standards Boardand comes into effecton 15June1992 BSI04-1999 First published September 1957 Second edition June 1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference HCC/33 Draft for comment87/54126 DC ISBN 0 580 17016 0 Committees responsible for this Brit

3、ish Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Health Care Standards Policy Committee (HCC/-) to Technical Committee HCC/33, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland Association of Clinical Pathologists Br

4、itish Medical Association British Surgical Trades Association Incorporated Castor Manufacturers (UK) Association Department of Health and Social Security Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Joint Committee of Professional Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting Associations (Engl

5、and) Malaysian Rubber Producers Research Association National Association of Theatre Nurses Royal College of Nursing and National Council for Nurses of the UnitedKingdom Royal College of Surgeons of England Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS2891:1992 BSI 04-1999 i Contents

6、Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Materials and construction 1 3 Dimensions 1 4 Fixings 1 5 X-ray translucency 1 6 Marking 2 Appendix A Recommendations for the storage and care of operating table mattresses and mattress sections 3 Appendix B Method of test for re

7、sistance to penetration by water (hydrostatic head test) 3 Appendix C Method of test for tensile strength and elongation at break after immersion ageing 3 Appendix D Method of test for security of fixings 4 Table 1 Test and requirements for composite mattresses and mattress sections 1 Table 2 Tests

8、and requirements for covers 2 Table 3 Tests and requirements for the mattress core 2 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS2891:1992 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword This revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Health Care Standards Policy Committee. It supersed

9、es BS2891:1957, which is withdrawn. Unlike BS2891:1957, which gave requirements for operating table covers and pads made of cellular rubber, this British Standard specifies performance and other relevant requirements for operating table mattresses and mattress sections made from any suitable flexibl

10、e load-bearing materials Attention is drawn to BS6859-1 and BS6859-2. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immu

11、nity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the ame

12、ndment table on the inside front cover.BS2891:1992 BSI 04-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for removable mattresses and mattress sections with a flexible loadbearing core and waterproof cover intended for use on operating tables to give a flexible support between the patie

13、nt and the table top. Accessory pads for use on operating tables are outside the scope of this British Standard. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Materials and construction NOTE 1The mattress or mattress section should be designed

14、 to produce as consistent a pressure as possible between it and the patient across the whole area of contact. NOTE 2The adhesives used in making the mattress or mattress section should not have any harmful effect on either the core or cover material. NOTE 3When supplied to the purchaser, the mattres

15、s or mattress section should be clean and free from objectionable odour and any substances likely to be harmful to human tissue. NOTE 4Recommendations for storage of mattresses and mattress sections are given in Appendix A. 2.1 General The mattress or mattress section shall either comprise a cover a

16、s specified in2.2 enclosing a core as specified in2.3 or be of composite construction complying with the requirements given in Table 1. 2.2 Cover 2.2.1 The mattress cover shall completely enclose the mattress core and shall be bonded to it. All joints shall be on the sides of the mattress. 2.2.2 The

17、 mattress cover shall be made of rubber sheeting complying with the requirements given in Table 2. 2.2.3 The electrical resistance of the mattress cover shall comply with the requirements given in BS2050. 2.3 Core The mattress core shall be made from a flexible loadbearing material having no visible

18、 corrections or repairs and shall comply with the requirements given in Table 3. 3 Dimensions The mattress or mattress sections, if appropriate, shall cover the top surface of the operating table on which it is intended for use, excluding the side bars and mounting. The length and width of the mattr

19、ess or mattress sections shall be withinmm of the length and width of the operating table top or appropriate sections of the table top. The thickness of the mattress or mattress sections shall be not less than75mm including the cover but excluding the fixings. 4 Fixings The mattress or mattress sect

20、ions, if appropriate, shall be capable of being attached to the operating table top on which it is intended for use, so that when tested as described in Appendix D, the movement of the mattress or mattress sections relative to the operating table top shall not exceed10mm. 5 X-ray translucency If mar

21、ked as being X-ray translucent seeclause6 g), the mattress or mattress section, excluding the area within50mm of the edge and any hinge, shall have an attenuation equivalent to no greater than1mm thickness of aluminium, determined from measurements of air Kerma under narrow beam conditions. The meas

22、urements shall be made with X-radiation from an X-ray source assembly operated at an X-ray tube voltage of100kV with a total filtration of2.5mm aluminium. The percentage ripple of the X-ray tube voltage shall be lower than10%. Table 1 Tests and requirements for composite mattresses and mattress sect

23、ions0 + 10 Property Method Requirements Indentation hardness BS4443-2 using procedure A 200 40N Bonding stability Place the mattress or mattress section in an air circulating oven at40 2 C for1h All joints to remain intactBS2891:1992 2 BSI 04-1999 Table 2 Tests and requirements for covers Table 3 Te

24、sts and requirements for the mattress core 6 Marking Each mattress or mattress section shall be permanently and legibly marked or labelled with the following: a) the name and/or trade mark of the manufacturer; b) the manufacturers part number or code; c) the manufacturers batch identification; d) th

25、e month and year of manufacture; e) a conspicuous yellow-coloured marking to indicate that the mattress or mattress section is antistatic; f) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e.BS2891:1992 1) ; g) if the mattress or mattress section is X-ray translucent, the words “X-ray translucent”

26、in black letters on a blue background. Property Method Requirements Tensile strength BS903-A2 using a type2 dumb-bell 13MN/m 2 min. Elongation at break BS903-A2 using a type2 dumb-bell 300 % min. Apparent hardness BS903-A26 using method M with a test piece composed of3 layers 60 10 IRHD Ozone resist

27、ance BS903-A43 using the following conditions: a) ozone concentration25 10 8 % (V/V) a ; b) temperature302C; c) relative humidity65 5%; d) elongation10 1%. No cracks visible with normal unaided vision after2 days Resistance of the material and joints in the material to water penetration Appendix B 1

28、200mm H 2 0 bmin. for each test specimen Tensile strength after immersion ageing Appendix C 7MN/m 2min. Elongation at break after immersion ageing Appendix C 250% min. a 25 10 8 % (V/V)=25 parts per hundred million=25 pphm. b 1mm H 2 O=9.80665Pa. Property Method Requirements Tensile strength BS4443-

29、1:Method3A or BS4443-1:Method3B 90kPamin. Loss of tensile strength after: a) humidity ageing BS4443-4:Method11 using ageing conditions of105 1 C for3h 10% max. b) heat ageing BS4443-4:Method12 using ageing conditions of140 1 C for16h 10% max. Elongation at break BS4443-1:Method3A orBS4443-1:Method 3

30、B 120% min. Compression set BS4443-1:Method6A compressing the sample to75 % of its thickness 8% max. 1) Marking BS2891:1992 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e.a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of

31、the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable.BS2891:1992 BSI 04-1999 3 Appendix ARecommendations for the storage and ca

32、re of operating table mattresses and mattress sections A.1 Mattresses and mattress sections should be stored as specified in BS3574, paying particular attention to the following. a) They should be stored in a cool, dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding25C. b) They should not be folded. c) T

33、hey should not be piled more than six high and should not be subjected to compression for long periods. If stacked for more than one month, a layer of paper should be placed between each mattress or mattress section. d) Fixing pins, studs, etc., should not come into contact with the tops of the matt

34、resses or mattress sections. A.2 Mattress covers are adversely affected by the following materials and contact with them should be avoided. a) Oils and antiseptics with an oil base. b) Grease, turpentine, motor spirit and other organic solvents. NOTEAny anaesthetic agents split on mattresses should

35、be swabbed off immediately. c) Copper, brass, rusty iron, concentrated bleach and mineral acid. Appendix BMethod of test for resistance to penetration by water (hydrostatic head test) B.1 Principle A test specimen is subjected to a steadily increasing pressure of water until penetration occurs. NOTE

36、This method of test is based on BS2823. B.2 Apparatus B.2.1 Means for clamping each test specimen in such a way that: a) it is horizontal; b) a circular area,50mm in diameter, is subjected to a steadily increasing water pressure on one face; c) no leakage of water occurs at the clamps during the tes

37、t; d) the specimen does not slip in the clamps; e) any tendency for penetration to occur at the clamped edges of the specimen is minimized. B.2.2 Means for increasing the head of water at a rate of1005mmH 2 O per minute. B.2.3 A manometer connected to the testing head having an accuracy of5mmH 2 O.

38、B.3 Test specimens Condition the material to be tested for at least24h at23 2 C and a relative humidity of505% and then cut three specimens of a shape and size convenient for handling. B.4 Procedure B.4.1 Assemble the apparatus in a room free from vapours of volatile organic liquids at an ambient te

39、mperature of23 2 C. B.4.2 Wipe all water from the clamping surfaces. Clamp one conditioned test specimen in the test head in such a manner that there is no air space between the specimen and the surface of the water. If testing the leakage through a joint, ensure that the joint is in contact with th

40、e water. B.4.3 Immediately subject the specimen to increasing water pressure up to a maximum of1500mmH 2 O, watching continuously for evidence of penetration by water. Record the pressure, to the nearest5mmH 2 O, at which the first growing drop of water appears on the specimen. B.4.4 Repeat the proc

41、edure for the remaining two test specimens. Appendix CMethod of test for tensile strength and elongation at break after immersion ageing C.1 Apparatus C.1.1 Tensile testing machine as specified in BS903-A2. C.1.2 Glass specimen tubes, 100mm long and25mm in diameter, fitted with polyethylene closures

42、. C.2 Reagents C.2.1 Sodium hypochlorite solution, general purpose reagent grade, containing between100g and140g of available chlorine per litre. C.2.2 Potassium dichromate, general purpose reagent grade. C.2.3 Distilled or deionized water complying with grade3 of BS3978. C.3 Test specimens Conditio

43、n the material to be tested for at least24h at a temperature of23 2 C and a relative humidity of505% and then cut five dumb-bells from the material as specified in BS903-A2.BS2891:1992 4 BSI 04-1999 C.4 Procedure C.4.1 Using the reagents specified inC.2, prepare an aqueous hypochlorite disinfectant

44、solution containing4g of available chlorine and0.25g of potassium dichromate per litre. C.4.2 Place the test specimens(C.3) into individual clean, dry, glass specimen tubes(C.1.2) and add35mL of the aqueous hypochlorite disinfectant solution(C.4.1) to each tube. Seal the tubes with the polyethylene

45、closures. C.4.3 Store the tubes at23 2 C for7 days, out of direct sunlight. C.4.4 Remove the test specimens from the tubes and blot their surfaces dry using either filter paper or absorbent paper towelling. Do not remove any fluid from the test specimens by squeezing. Store each of the dried test sp

46、ecimens in clean, dry, closed specimen tubes. C.4.5 Within3h of drying the test specimens, determine the tensile strength and elongation at break for each test specimen by the method given in BS903-A2. Calculate the mean of the values obtained. Appendix DMethod of test for security of fixings D.1 Fi

47、x the mattress or mattress sections to an operating table of the type on which it is intended to be used. D.2 Apply a load of90kg, evenly distributed over an area500mm 1800mm, centrally within the overall dimensions of the mattress. For mattress sections, apply the load over the sections at a distri

48、bution of100kg/m 2 . Secure the load on the mattress. NOTEA sheet of a high friction material,0.6mm thick, placed between a load-bearing platform and the mattress has been found to be a suitable means of retaining the applied load. It is essential to exercise care when carrying out the test to ensur

49、e that the load does not slip off. D.3 Place the operating table top in a45 Trendelenburg position for1min and note any movement of the mattress or mattress sections relative to the operating table top. D.4 Repeat the procedure inD.3 with the operating table top in a45 reverse Trendelenburg position for1min. D.5 Return the operating table top to the horizontal and tilt it laterally to an angle of20 for1min and note any movements of the mattress or mattress sections relative to the operating table top. D.6 Repeat the procedure