BS 1945-1971 Specification for fireguards for heating appliances (gas electric and oil-burning)《加热器具(煤气、电与油的)的炉栏规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1945:1971 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Specification for Fireguards for heating appliances (Gas, electric and oil-burning) UDC 614.84:645.494:683.9BS 1945:1971 This British Standard was published under the authority ofthe Executive Board on 30 July 1971 BSI 07-1999 First

2、published February 1953 First revision July 1971 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference M/35 Draft for comment 70/30225 ISBN 580 06723 8 Co-operating Organizations This British Standard was prepared by a technical committee consisting of representatives

3、 from the following Government departments and industrial, scientific and other organizations: Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Electrical Appliances Corporation of London Department of Employment (H.M. Factory Inspectorate) Department of Trade and Industry Electrical Association for Women E

4、lectricity Council, Generating Board and the Area Boards in England and Wales Fire Protection Association Gas Council Greater London Council Home Office Oil Appliance Manufacturers Association Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Society of British Gas Industries Womens Advisory Committee o

5、f BSI Independent company Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 940 April 1972 1770 June 1975 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS1945:1971 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 General 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1

6、 1.3 Design and performance requirements for all guards 1 1.4 Marking 2 2 Guards for gas fires 2 2.1 Design and performance requirements 2 3 Guards for electric heaters 2 3.1 Design and performance requirements 2 4 Guards for oil burning heaters 3 4.1 Design and performance requirements 3 Appendix A

7、 Spring-operated impact test apparatus 6 Appendix B Scorching test: material and method 8 Figure 1 Gas fire and oil heater probes 4 Figure 2 Electric heater test probe 5 Figure 3 Impact test apparatus 7BS 1945:1971 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This standard makes reference to the following British Standa

8、rds: BS 3042, Standard test fingers for checking protection against electric shock and mechanical hazard. BS 3300, Kerosine (paraffin) unflued space heaters, cooking and boiling appliances for domestic use. BS 3456 The testing and approval of household electrical appliances Part1:1969, General requi

9、rements Part A.A1:1966, General requirements Part A.A2:1962, Electric room heaters Part 2.10, Room heating and similar appliances. (In course of preparation.) This British Standard brings together the requirements for guards for gas fires, electric, and oil-burning space heating appliances used in d

10、wellings. The British Standards for the individual appliances mentioned are as follow: BS 1250, Domestic appliances burning town gas Part 4: Space heating appliances. BS 2773, Domestic single-room space heating appliances for use with liquefied petroleum gases. BS 3300, Kerosine (paraffin) unflued s

11、pace heaters, cooking and boiling appliances for domestic use. BS 3456, The testing and approval of household electrical appliances: either Section A1:1966, General requirements in conjunction with Section A2:1962, Electric room heaters or Part 1:1969, General requirements in conjunction with Part 2

12、.10, Room heating and similar appliances. (In course of preparation.) The requirements in this revision of the fireguards standard are more stringent than those in the 1953 edition. Editorial modifications have also been made in order to present the requirements in a more convenient way. The purpose

13、 of the present revision is to introduce requirements to prevent young children from touching the source of heat, particularly electric bar type elements and also to introduce the metric system of measurement. It will be appreciated that the only parts of this specification which have legalforce are

14、 those expressly referred to in the schedule of the Regulations. Nofootnote or explanatory note in this specification can be taken as an explanation of the Regulations; their interpretation is solely a matter for thecourts. Statutory requirements for guards fitted to heating appliances are set out i

15、n the Heating Appliances (Fireguards) Regulations 1973, which refer to BS 1945:1971 published on30 July 1971, as amended by Amendment No.1 published on12April1972. The new requirements apply at the point of sale under present or future regulations. They do not apply to heating appliances purchased o

16、r in use by the consumer prior to the regulations being made. Appliances conforming to this standard are not necessarily suitable for use in premises to which the Offices, Shops and Railway Premises Act1963 and the Factories Acts apply. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessar

17、y provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to

18、 8 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS1945:1971 BSI 07-1999 1 1. General 1.1 Scope 1.1.1 This British Standard prescribes standards of construction a

19、nd fitting for guards attached to space heating appliances using gas, electricity or oil, for the purpose of preventing the risk of fire, injury from burns or electric shock resulting from accidental contact with or being in proximity to the source of heat. 1.1.2 The requirements apply to guards for

20、 all gas fires and electric or oil burning space heaters, whether of the portable or fixed type, incorporating radiants or heating elements or exposed flame and designed for household or similar use, the heating source being of such a nature or so positioned that if no guard were fitted to the appli

21、ance there would be a risk of 1) fire or injury from burns caused by direct physical contact, or by the contact or proximity of clothing, textile fabrics or other flammable material with the source of heat, or 2) electric shock through contact with the live part of heating elements. 1.1.3 The requir

22、ements do not apply to those types of heater intended solely for attachment to ceilings. NOTEThe titles of the British Standards referred to in this standard are listed on page ii. 1.2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply: 1.2.1 heating appliance a ga

23、s fire, an electric heater or an oil-burning heater designed for household or similar use 1.2.2 guard a device capable of meeting all the relevant requirements of this standard for the type of heater on which it is fitted for the purpose of reducing or preventing the risk of fire or injury or electr

24、ic shock resulting from accidental contact with or proximity to flames, radiants or heating elements the device may be in one unit or in separate parts, e.g. one part to prevent physical contact with the source of heat and the other to prevent clothing and other flammable materials becoming scorched

25、 or ignited 1.2.3 live parts any part which is conductively connected to the live or neutral conductors within an appliance or is not insulated from the live and neutral by at least functional insulation complying with the requirements of the appropriate parts of BS3456 1.2.4 maximum rated input (el

26、ectrical) the maximum rated input of an electric heating appliance when an input range is marked on the appliance, is the highest input of the range shown when the mean input only is marked the maximum rated input is given by the formula where the mean rated voltage is the arithmetic mean of the low

27、er and upper limits of the rated voltage range 1.2.5 electric heating element a heating resistor and element former together with any other parts necessary to it as a detachable unit 1.2.6 smoulder to burn slowly without flame NOTEThe difference between scorching and smouldering is quite distinct an

28、d whether or not smouldering has commenced can be ascertained by quickly withdrawing the material from the guard at the end of 10 seconds exposure. If smouldering has started it will be seen that a hole has formed in the material and that the edge of the hole glows red. 1.3 Design and performance re

29、quirements for all guards 1.3.1 All guards shall be capable of passing the tests specified in1.3.2 and1.3.3 and either 2, 3 or 4 as appropriate for the type of fuel used. 1.3.2 Effectiveness against smouldering or ignition. With the heating appliance operating under the conditions prescribed for the

30、 type of fire or heater concerned, a piece of dry flannelette100mm wide and conforming to the specification given inAppendix B shall be held in close contact with the guard at the hottest point and so that it reaches from top to bottom of the guard, or, for guards in a horizontal plane, from back to

31、 front. The flannelette shall not smoulder or ignite within10seconds of being so held. Care shall be taken that the flannelette is kept taut and in close contact with the guard throughout the test. Mean rated input maximum rated voltage mean rated voltage - 2 BS 1945:1971 2 BSI 07-1999 If necessary,

32、 a weight just sufficient to keep the strip taut, may be attached to the edge of the material. For heating appliances where the guard is in more than one part, the test may be made on the outer part provided that this part complies also with the test requirements given in1.3.3. 1.3.3 Strength of gua

33、rd 1.3.3.1 The heating appliance, used in a cold state for this test, shall be so placed that the plane of the central section of the guard is horizontal. A load consisting of a flat disc100mm in diameter and5kg in weight shall be placed on the guard midway between the fixing points and shall be ret

34、ained there for one minute. At the end of that period the load shall be removed and the guard shall then be capable of satisfying the probe tests specified for that type of appliance and also the test and requirement specified in1.3.2. 1.3.3.2 A pull of 20 N applied in any direction to the guard whe

35、n it is in its normal position of use shall not result in the removal of the guard or in permanent distortion or permanent displacement. Any hinged guard opened by this pull shall return to its original position on release of the pull but any fastening clip need not necessarily re-engage. After the

36、test, with any fastening clip engaged, the guard shall comply with the requirements specified in 2, 3 or 4 as appropriate for the type of fuel used. 1.3.3.3 When the design of the guard includes glass or a similar material and this is essential to enable the guard to pass any of the tests, a direct

37、blow shall be applied at its weakest point equivalent to an impact energy of0.5N m, after which the guard shall be capable of satisfying the probe tests specified for that type of appliance, and also the test specified in1.3.2. When the guard consists of bars of glass or similar material packed alon

38、gside each other so as to touch, the impact energy applied shall be reduced to0.25N m. The blow is applied by means of the spring hammer in the manner described inAppendix A. 1.4 Marking Heating appliances provided with guards which comply with this British Standard shall have a label reading as fol

39、lows: “The guard on this appliance conforms to the requirements of BS1945:1971 and satisfies theHeating Appliances (Fireguards) Regulations1973. The guard is to prevent risk of fire or injury from burns and no part of it should be permanently removed. IT DOES NOT GIVE FULL PROTECTION FOR YOUNG CHILD

40、REN OR THE INFIRM.” NOTEThe label, which need not be a special one for the purpose, may carry additional information. 2. Guards for gas fires 2.1 Design and performance requirements 2.1.1 With the cone illustrated in Figure 1(b) assembled to the handle Figure 1(a) it shall not be possible to touch t

41、he heated radiants or the flame, under normal conditions of burning, with any part of the test probe cone when the probe is inserted through or around the guard with a pressure exerted on the probe not exceeding5N. The weight of the probe shall be taken into account in the force applied. 2.1.2 No op

42、ening in the guard or between the guard and the aperture to be protected shall have a major dimension exceeding150mm and a minor dimension exceeding35mm and a diagonal measurement exceeding154mm. The above dimensions are subject to the following exceptions: 1) Where it is not possible to pass a12mm

43、diameter probe having a hemispherical end, applied with a force not exceeding5N, through any opening between the guard and the aperture to be protected they do not apply to that opening. The weight of the probe shall be taken into account in the force applied. 2) Where the gap between any vertical r

44、ods does not exceed5mm. 2.1.3 The guard shall pass the tests defined in1.3.3 and then, with the gas burning and when the appliance has reached equilibrium at the makers maximum rating after being alight for not less than30minutes, it shall satisfy the test specified in1.3.2. 3. Guards for electric h

45、eaters 3.1 Design and performance requirements 3.1.1 The test finger specified in BS3042 (seeFigure 2of this standard) shall not touch any live parts when applied through any opening in the aperture to be protected, with a force not exceeding5N. The test shall be carried out as required by BS3456for

46、 the type of heater concerned. The weight of the probe shall be taken into account in the force applied.BS1945:1971 BSI 07-1999 3 3.1.2 No opening shall have: either a) a major dimension exceeding125mm, and a minor dimension exceeding12mm, and a diagonal dimension exceeding126mm or b) a major dimens

47、ion exceeding50mm, and a minor dimension exceeding20mm, and a diagonal dimension exceeding53mm. The above dimensions are subject to the following exceptions: 1) Where it is not possible to pass a5mm probe, applied with a force not exceeding5N, through any opening between the guard and the aperture t

48、o be protected they do not apply to that opening. The weight of the probe shall be taken into account in the force applied. 2) Where it is possible to pass a5mm probe, applied with a force not exceeding5N, through part of any opening between the guard and the aperture to be protected they do not app

49、ly to that opening provided that: i) any part which will accept the probe is situated at a corner of the aperture to be protected, and ii) the5mm probe, when inserted in such a part, cannot be moved more than10mm in any direction normal to its axis. 3) Where the gap between any vertical rods does not exceed5mm. 4) Where a two part guard is fitted, the inner guard shall meet the requirements of3.1.1 and3.1.2 above, and the outer guard shall satisfy the performance requirements of1.3.2 and1.