BS 1916-3-2009 Limits and fits for engineering Guide to tolerances limits and fits for large diameters《工程公差和配合 大直径的公差 极限和配合指南》.pdf
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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Limits and fits for engineeringPart 3: Guide to tolerances, limits and fits for large diametersBS 1916-3:2009BS 1
2、916-3:2009 BRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 65216 5ICS 17.040.10The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TDW/4 Draft
3、 for comment 09/30192613 DCPublication historyFirst published December 1963Second (present) edition, September 2009Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 iBS 1916-3:2009ContentsForeword iiSection 1: Introductory 11 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and d
4、efinitions 14 A review of the problems 15 The practical effect of errors on tolerances and fits 5Section 2: Limits and tolerances for large diameters (19.69 in to 125 in) 116 Tolerance formula 117 Diameter steps 118 Fundamental inch tolerances 129 Fundamental deviations 1310 Suggested associations o
5、f holes and shafts 14AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Matched fits 23Annex B (informative) Graphical representation of tolerance zones for holes and shafts 25Bibliography 27List of figuresFigure 1a Relationship between fundamental tolerance and temperature change for sizes up to 19.69 in 3Figure 1b Rela
6、tionship between fundamental tolerance and temperature change for sizes from 19.69 to 125 in 4Figure 2a Interference fits interchangeable fits 6Figure 2b Interference fits matched fits 7Figure 3 Disposition of basic holes and recommended shafts 9Figure A.1 Examples of scales for measuring devices 24
7、Figure B.1 Tolerance zones for holes arranged according to symbol 25Figure B.2 Tolerance zones for shafts arranged according to symbol 26List of tablesTable 1 Summary of manufacturing possibilities 10Table 2 Fundamental tolerances of grades 6 to 16 12Table 3 Preferred series of tolerances 12Table 4
8、Formula for deviations 13Table 5 Fundamental deviations for shafts d to u and holes D to U 14Table 6 Suggested association of holes and shafts for interchangeable manufacture 14Table 7 Limits for holes (inch units) 15Table 8 Limits for shafts (inch units) 19Summary of pagesThis document comprises a
9、front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 28, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 1916-3:2009ii BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on 30 September 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee T
10、DW/4, Technical product realization. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 1916-3:1963, which is withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsThis British Standard is published in three parts
11、:Part 1 Guide to limits and tolerances;Part 2 Guide to the selection of fits in BS 1916-1;Part 3 Guide to tolerances, limits and fits for large diameters.The ISO 286 (BS EN 20286) series establishes the ISO code-system for tolerances of linear sizes and is published in the following parts: ISO 286-1
12、 (BS EN 20286-1), ISO system of limits and fits Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fits;ISO 286-2 (BS EN 20286-2), ISO system of limits and fits Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts.The ISO 286 series covers the metric system of limits and fi
13、ts; the BS 1916 series provides guidance and recommendations on the equivalent inch system (imperial).Information about this documentIn view of the time elapsed since its original publication in 1963, this British Standard was reviewed in detail in 2009. It was decided that the technical provisions
14、of the previous edition were still generally applicable, but the figures have been redrawn for ease of use, the wording of some guidance updated for clarity, and the opportunity was taken to update references to other standards.Use of this documentAs a guide, this part of BS 1916 takes the form of g
15、uidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification or a code of practice and claims of compliance cannot be made to it.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible fo
16、r its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 1BS 1916-3:2009Section 1: Introductory1 ScopeThis part of BS 1916 gives guidance on tolerances, limits and fits for large diameters (19.69 in to 125 in).In many indust
17、ries, components in large sizes are made to interchangeable as well as to matched fits. There are many practical problems, however, in achieving interchangeable manufacture in large diameters, due mainly to difficulties of measurement.Clause 4 and Clause 5 in Section 1 discuss the known difficulties
18、 which might be encountered and draw attention to those tolerances and fits where the greater difficulties might be expected to arise. Section 2 puts forward tables of tolerances, deviations and limits for shafts and holes.It is strongly emphasized that these should be regarded as recommendations in
19、tended for trial purposes. They are published in the expectation that experience in their use will enable them to be confirmed or modified, and will help to bring to light deficiencies in measuring techniques.An explanation of the system to which this standard forms an extension is contained in BS 1
20、916-1.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 1916-1:2009, Limits
21、 and fits for engineering Part 1: Guide to limits and tolerances3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 1916, the terms and definitions given in BS 1916-1 apply.4 A review of the problemsIn the manufacture of parts in the size range of 19.69 in to 125 in as covered by this standar
22、d, a number of serious manufacturing and measuring problems arise which are not encountered when working in small sizes. This is especially so when it is necessary to produce large components to small tolerances on a universally interchangeable basis.In the small size range of 0.040 in to 4.000 in,
23、the number associated with the grade of tolerance (known as the fundamental tolerance) tends to be related in practice to a known degree of difficulty in manufacture. In addition, because changes in the size of the component in this size range due to normal fluctuations in temperature are an insigni
24、ficant proportion of the tolerance, for parts made to IT6 or larger tolerances, they are usually ignored. Those whose main experience lies in the manufacture of parts of up to about 4.0 in might therefore form the opinion that the temperature of the workpiece can be ignored and BS 1916-3:20092 BSI 2
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