BS 1429-1980 Specification for annealed round steel wire for general engineering springs《通用工程弹簧用退火圆钢丝规范》.pdf

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1、O - BSI BSSL429, BO I lb24bb 0072b49 9 BS 1429: 1980 UDC 62-272 : 669.14-426 : 669.14.018.27-153 Specification for Annealed round general engineering wire for springs Spcification pour le fil dacier recuit rond pour ressorts dusage mcanique gnral Spezifikation fr gegthten runden Stahldraht fr allgem

2、eine Maschinenfedern British Standards Institution Gr3 ES1 BS*l1429 80 W Lb24bb 0072650 5 BS 1429 : 1980 Contents Page Foreword Inside front cover Cooperating organizations Back cover Specification Section one, General 1. Scope 1 2. References 1 3. Products and quality coding 4. Information to be su

3、pplied by the purchaser 1 1 Section two, Manufacture, testing and packing 5. Manufacture 1 U. Selection of test pieces 7. Mechanical testing 2 8. Dimensional tolerances 2 9. Examination for defects 3 10. Retests 3 11. Packing and identification 3 12. General 3 1 Section three. Specific requirements

4、13. Chemical composition 14. Hardening test 15. Decarburization, surface defects Appendix A. Product analysis and permitted variations Tables 1, Production range and quality codes 2. Maximum tensile strength for annealed wire 3. Tolerances on diameter and ovality 4. Tolerances on length of straight

5、lengths 5. Chemical composition (cast analysis) 6. Minimum hardness requirements 7. Partial decarburization levels 8. Surface defect levels 9. Permitted variations of product analysis from specified range according to steel grade Figure 1. Position of wire for bend test Page 4 4 4 4 1 5 2 Foreword T

6、his British Ctandard has been prepared under the direction of the Iron and Steel Standards Committee and specifies the requirements for annealed steel wire for springs that are to be heat treated after manufacture. The-standard has. been extensively revised and is now tnetricated and retitled. BS 14

7、29 : 1948 is now withdrawn. A vange of carbon steels and two types of alloy steel have been retained. Provision has been made however for various qualities to be supplied that are related to the intended application of the wire. These are identified by an appropriate quality code. The concept of sta

8、ndard or preferred sizes is not appropriate for this standard. The size ranges listed for each grade may not be available from every manufacturer without restriction. a O o e BSI BSx1429 BO = lb24bb9 0072b51 7 BS 1429 : 1980 British Standard Specification for Annealed round steel wire for general en

9、gineering springs Section one. General 1. Scope This British Standard specifies the requirements for annealed, or annealed and lightly drawn round steel wire, supplied in coils or straight lengths, suitable for the manufacture of mechanical springs by cold-forming which are hardened and tempered aft

10、er forming. It is generally applicable to wire sizes in the range from 1.00 mm to 16 mm. 2. References The titles of the standards publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 3. Products and quality coding Wire is available in three qualities related to application

11、 and shall be designated by the quality code given in table 1. Table 1. Production range and quality codes O Wire application Normal duty static High duty static and normal duty dynamic High duty dynamic O Quality code NS ND HD Range of diameters (inclusive) mm 1.0to 16.0 1 .O to 16.0 1 .O to 16.0 4

12、. Information to be supplied by the purchaser The following information shall be given on the enquiry or order. (a) The number of this British Standard, .e. BS 1429. (b) The steel grade (see clause 12and table 5). (c) The wire quality code (see clause 3). (d) The diameter of the wire. (e) Any applic

13、able requirements from the appropriate clauses for: (1 1 surface finish and condition of wire (see 5.4); (2) hardness testing (see 7.2); (3) non-destructive testing (see 9.3); (4) packing and identification (see clause 11). (f) Any other special requirements. Example: 2.80 mm diameter 0.70 % to 0.75

14、 % carbon steel normal duty static spring wire in the annealed condition. Order as: BS 1429,070A72, NS, 2.80 mm, annealed. O Section two. Manufacture, testing and packing NOTE. The requirements of the clauses in section two are applicable to all steel grades and qualities of wire. 5. Manufacture 5.1

15、 Steelmaking process. The steel may be made by any process except that air and mixed air-oxygen bottom blown converter processes shall not be used. In the case of the oxygen process, the nitrogen content of the steel shall not exceed 0.008 %. 5.2 Chemical composition. The chemical compositions of th

16、e steels specified in section three are based on cast analysis. On request, the wire manufacturer shall supply the cast analysis for the specified elements. Any subse- quent analytical checks shall take into consideration the heterogeneity normal to the steel (see appendix A). 5.3 Freedom from defec

17、ts. The ingots, blooms or billets shall be so prepared as to remove surface imperfections which might produce defects in the wire made from them. The rod from which the wire is drawn shall be free from harmful surface defects, pipe and other flaws (see also 5.4 for finished wire). Should it be neces

18、sary to grind the wire to meet the decarburization and defect levels specified in 15.1 and 15.3 (see tables 7 and 81, the grinding shall be at a stage during manufacture such that all residual grinding marks are completely eliminated by subsequent wire drawing. 5.4 Condition of finished wire 5.4.1 W

19、ire shall be supplied in the annealed or annealed and lightly drawn condition (see 7.1). 5.4.2 Wire shall be supplied with an annealed or a bright drawn finish and shall be free from harmful defects (see clause 9). The level of non-metallic inclusions present in the wire and the method of assessment

20、 shall be agreed by the purchaser and the supplier at the time of ordering. 5.4.3 Wire supplied in coil shall lie dead and be free from corkscrew set. 5.4.4 The straightness of wire supplied in lengths shall conform PO tolerances to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 6. Selection

21、of test pieces 6.1 With the exception of the hardening test, all tests shall be carried out on the material in the condition in which it is to be supplied to the purchaser. Apart from straightening prior to testing, the test pieces shall not be treated in any way which may make them unrepresentative

22、 of the batch of which they are a sample. 6.2 Test pieces for mechanical tests shall be taken from each end of every coil, unless the coil mass is less than 1 Steel grade Maximum tensile strength 090A65 070A72 060A96 735A50 685A55 N/mm2 730 730 820 800 800 BSI BSUL429 80 I Lb24bb9 0072b52 9 I BS 142

23、9 : 1980 - (a) Wire sizes 6.5 mm and under. The test piece shall be brit, coid, by steadily applied pressure or by a succession of blows and flattened close until it assumes the position indlcated in the following sketch without showing signs of failure. -_ _- 75 kg when one test piece shall be,take

24、n from each coil. These small coils shall be identifiable as the product of a larger coil. Wire supplied in straight lengths shall be grouped in such a manner as to be clearly identified with the coil from which the lengths have been cut. Two test pieces selected at random from the lengths shall the

25、n be considered to be representative of that coil of wire. 6.3 Test pieces for surface defect examination shall be selected as specified in 6.2 except for the NS quality for which the satnpling rate shall be at the discretion of the wire manufacturer to ensure compliance with the requiretnents of cl

26、ause 15. 8 r- L-, Figure 1. Position of wire for bend test (bl Wire sizes over 6.5 mm. The test piece shall be bent through 180 O, cold, by steadily applied pressure or by a succession of blows, over a former of diameter equal to the diameter of the wire without showing signs of failure. 7. Mechanic

27、al testing 7.1 Tensile test. The procedures for mechanical testing shall be in accordance with the requirements of BS 4545. It1 routine testing with fixed gear type tensile testing machines, the straining rate shall be pre-set to give a rate of separation of the grips not greater than 40 % of the te

28、st length per minute. NOTE. BS 4545 stipulates that the tensile strength shall be calculated on the nominal dimensions of the wire unless otherwise specified. 8. Dimensional tolerances 8.1 Diameter tolerance and ovality. The minimum and maximum diameters shall be measured by micrometer at the same c

29、ross section on a straight wire. Ovality is defined as the difference between the minimum and maximum axes of the wire at the same cross sections. Each measure- ment shall be within the tolerance for diameter and ovality given in table 3 for the appropriate diameter of wire. Q Table 3. Tolerances on

30、 diameter and ovality Nominal wire diameter Tolerance on diameter Maximum ovality Over mm 1 .o0 1.90 3.15 5.60 8.50 10.00 Wire in coil mm f 0.015 f 0.02 f 0.03 f 0.04 f 0.05 f 0.06 Wire in straight lengths mm 0.02 f 0.03 f 0.05 f 0.06 1 0.09 f 0.08 Up to and including mm 1.90 3.15 5.60 8.50 10.00 1

31、6.00 8.2 Straight length tolerance. When supplied in straight lengths, the lengths shall not be less than those given in the order and shall not exceed the plus tolerance given in table 4. . shall, if required, be agreed between the purchaser and the supplier, 7.2 Hardening test. A hardening test is

32、 applicable to wire diameters of 3.0 mm and over, The test piece shall be hardened by quenching in oil from the appropriate temperature shown in table 6. For the purpose of the test a flat shall be ground on the surface of the hardened test piece, removing at least 0.20 mm. Vickers hardness tests in

33、 accordance with the requirements of BS 427 shall be carried out on this flat. The minimum hardness values to be obtainedshall be as given in table 6. The preferred method for testing hardness is the Vickers test, but in cases where a purchaser states a preference a Rockwell test may be carried out

34、in accordance with BS 891 and this shall be indicated at the time of ordering and an appropriate minimum Rockwell hardness value agreed, - 7.3 Bend test, The bend test shall be carried out as follows. - Table 4. Tolerances on length of straight lengths Plus tolerance Length Over Up to and including

35、mm - 160 31 5 500 800 1250 2000 mm 160 31 5 500 800 1250 2000 - mm By agreement 2 3 4 5 7 13 2 BSI BS*KL4E!$ 80 Lb24bb 0072b53 O - Max. % 0.75 0.75 1.00 9. Examination for defects 9.1 General. All qualities of wire shall be examined for surface defects by the method specified in 9.2 or by that speci

36、fied in 9.3. Where deemed necessary, the afore- mentioned tests may be supplemented by continuous non-destructive testing of the whole coil, (see 9.4). Tests for decarburization shall be as specified in 9.5 and where appropriate, for internal defects as specified in 9.6. Materials shall comply with

37、the specific requirements listed in section three according to quality. 9.2 Magnetic particle test. For the magnetic particle test, a test piece of 250 mm in length shall be taken and subjected to a magnetizing current of 20 amperes per mm of wire diameter. Examination for surface defects shall be c

38、arried out by the use of magnetic particle fluorescent ink. Any defects indicated by this test shall be noted and further examined by taking metallographic sections through the defect for the purpose of measuring the depth. 9.3 Deep etch test. For the deep etch test, a test piece of 250 mm in length

39、 shall be taken and immersed in a boiling solution of 50 %by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 50 % of water for a period of time equivalent to 1 s for every 0.025 mm of diameter with a maximum of 2.5 min, after which the wire shall be examined at a magnification of x5 to x12 diameters. A

40、ny defects indicated by this test shall be further examined by taking metallographic sections through the defects revealed by the deep etch test and their depth measured. 9.4 Non-destructive test. A non-destructive test shall be made if agreed between the purchaser and the supplier. Wire intended fo

41、r use in dynamic duty springs (ND and HD quality) may be continuously inspected by eddy current or ultrasonic methods of suitable sensitivity. The maximum depth of defect, the marking and the allowable number of such defects in any one coil shall be agreed between the purchaser and the supplier. 9.5

42、 Decarburization. All qualities of wire shall be examined for decarburization by taking cross sections and mounting in suitable plastic to support the edge of the specimen during subsequent metallographic preparation. After polishing and etching with a reagent consisting of a solution of either nitr

43、ic or picric acid in alcohol, viz. Nital or Picral, the cross section shall be examined at a magnification of 175 to 225 diameters. 9.6 Metallographic test for internal defects. A metallo- graphic test for internal defects is applicable to HD si Mn Min. Max. Min. % % % - 0.30 0.60 0.10 0.35 0.60 0.1

44、0 0.35 0.50 BS 1429 : 1980 735A50 . 685A55 _ quality wire only. The wire shall be examined for internal defects on a polished and very lightly etched longitudinal section at a magnification of XI75 to x225 diameters. 0.46 0.54 0.10 0.35 0.60 0.50 0.60 1.20 1.60 0.50 - _- IO. Retests 10.1 Should a te

45、st piece fail any of the tests, additional test pieces shall be taken from the appropriate coil or product of a coil and retested. For wire in coil, two additional test pieces shall be taken from each end of the same coil. Part of the coil may be discarded before taking the new test pieces. For wire

46、 supplied in lengths, four additional test pieces shall be taken at random from the same bundle or bundles representing the product of the coil. 10.2 If all the additional test pieces pass all the tests, the coil or the bundles representing the product of the coil shall be deemed to comply with the

47、requirements of this British Standard. Should any of them fail, the coil or corresponding bundles shall be deemed not to comply with the requirements of this British Standard. 11. Packing and identification Consignments of wire shall be suitably protected against corrosion during transport. If speci

48、al protections are required, these shall be agreed at the time of enquiry or order. Wire in coil or bundles of lengths shall be securely tied and shall carry a suitable label or labels on which shall be shown the ordering designation including the number of this British Standard and details of cast

49、identification. Any other marks required shall be agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer. NOTE. Marking BS 1429 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturers responsibility. Section three. Specific requirements 12. General The specific requirements are for the three qualities of annealed and lightly drawn wire suitable for the manufacture of mechanical sprin